Ngubani uthathwa ukuba umama ongatshatanga? Omnye umama ongatshatanga: inkcazo ngumthetho

Namhlanje wadibana umama izisa umntwana Myeke, - hayi lwepaki enjalo. Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, abafazi athwale imithwalo zokukhulisa umntwana ngaphandle koncedo kayise. Ngokomzekelo, xa uyise eyishiya intsapho yakhe, kunye nomama wakhe akazange afune ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kubomi beli lo mntwana; waye yena engumhlolokazi. Izizathu zininzi, kodwa uthathwa ukuba abe enomntwana ngokusemthethweni?

Umama single - ngubani na le nto?

ongenamyeni (okanye omnye) libhekisela ndidi zilandelayo nabasetyhini:

• wazala umntwana ngaphandle kokudala kumtshato okanye emva kokuphela iintsuku ezimakhulu mathathu emva komtshato esemthethweni;
• owayesakuba ngumlingane leyo umngeni lukatata wakhe de iphelelwe iintsuku 300 emva komtshato;
• ngaphandle emtshatweni Kwadlula nkqubo wokwamkelwa / komntwana (mhlawumbi kunqabile, ngokuqhelekileyo ukwamkela / lokuvuma ukwamkela isibini esitshatileyo).

Kwimeko apho kukho imeko umfazi ukhuphe isatifiketi enomntwana, ukulungisa ubume balo (Form №25). Lo mntwana kwi "uyise" yesatifiketi sokuzalwa endle iya kuba liyahlasela xa umama akafuni uwubhale ngamazwi abo.

Omnye umama, kodwa akukho nanye

siye saxubusha ngasentla, ngubani uthathwa ukuba ibe ngumama oyedwa, kodwa ke kukho iimeko apho unina ngokupheleleyo alwa ngayo ukukhulisa umntwana wedwa, kodwa kubonakala yedwa. Alone azibonakaliswanga phaya:

• umfazi oqhawule umtshato kunye nomntwana, kodwa musa afumane intlawulo yesondlo (ngenxa yezizathu ezithile);
• umzele kwiintsuku 300 ukusuka Okwangoku umtshato itshitshisiwe / nilenze (imizimba umbhalisi ukubhale owayesakuba ngumlingane njengoko uyise womntwana, nokuba ukuba ngaba izalamane zebhayoloji);
• nabafazi nabantwana ziye zamiselwa ngokusemthethweni lukatata (nokuba ngokuzithandela okanye enkundleni), kwanokuba uyise begazi engahlali kunye nabantwana;
• ndingumhlolokazi;
• mhlolokazi xa, emva kokufa kweqabane lowo kwiintsuku ezingaphantsi kwe ezingamakhulu amathathu (imizimba unobhala ukubhale iqabane umfi kwikholam "uyise");
• unina womntwana, uyise anqunyulwe amalungelo abo lobuzali.

Kuzo zonke ezi meko, lo mfazi abe iwonga "umama ongenaqabane", inkcazelo eliphezu komthetho.

ingakumbi amalungelo

Ngenxa yemeko yayo yonke umfazi ukukhulisa umntwana wedwa, ufumana amalungelo athile kuphela, kufuneka ukwazi ukuze ukuzisebenzisa ngempumelelo practice.

1. unina ngayinye unelungelo lokufumana zonke izibonelelo ezikhoyo kweli qela. Ngenxa umthetho, ukuba ezinkulu ubukhulu ngaphezu koko ezintweni zesiqhelo. Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe umfazi kufuneka bangene imizimba zokukhusela intlalo yoluntu kunye nokhathalelo abantu kwindawo yobhaliso (yokuhlala hayi!).
2. Elisezantsi ingeniso-unina enye unelungelo lokufumana izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo yengingqi.
3. Ukuba enomntwana utshata, kuba ngokuphelele zonke iintlawulo, izibonelelo, kanye emva ngasekhohlo kwakhe. Bona ezilahlekileyo kwimeko xa iqabane wamkela umntwana.
4. Ukusebenza "kuphela" unelungelo lokuba ikhefu engaqhelekanga ngalo naliphi na ixesha elifunekayo kuyo.
5. Umfazi unelungelo lokwala ixesha okanye ebusuku umsebenzi. Olu hlobo lomsebenzi ayikwazi kubhalwa ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe yokuzithandela.
6. Kwakhona unelungelo lokuba iiyure zomsebenzi zancitshiswa, nto leyo ukhankanyiwe kwangaphambili kunye nabasemagunyeni kunye lukhuselekile ngencwadi ebhaliweyo.
7. Omnye umama ongatshatanga unelungelo lokuthabatha evela kumqeshi, elingazange livume yakhe yokuvunyelwa ukungena kwi ukwala ngencwadi ebhaliweyo, uze umcele ukuba enkundleni (kuphela ukuba uqinisekile ukuba lo msebenzi wala ngenxa yesimo sakhe enomntwana).
8. Kwimeko iimeko zokuphila kakuhle okanye ka kuyo yomfazi unalo ilungelo lokuba ufumane sethubeni ekuphuculeni iimeko abaphila okanye ukubonelela abantu abatsha.
9. Umntwana enomntwana ngokuthatha abancinane ngaphandle tyhu, kwaye ahlawule kuba enomntwana ufumana isaphulelo (50-70%) okanye ukugcinwa karhulumente ngokupheleleyo.
10. Xa ufumana umntwana esikolweni, yena uvumelekile ukuba izidlo mahala (amaxesha 1-2 ngosuku).
11. Umntwana enomntwana lifumana iseti kweencwadi zezifundo eziyimfuneko ukuze ukufundisa esikolweni, ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
12. Umfazi angafumana itikiti kwiziko lezempilo (ihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye).
13. Umama ongatshatanga unako ukufumana amayeza kuludwe (uluhlu kufuneka ubuze kwikliniki, apho abantwana omiselweyo) simahla, kunye neziyobisi eninzi unelungelo lokufumana isaphulelo ngeenxa-50%.
14. Ikliniki umntwana usapho -parent utyelela ofisi yokuthanjiswa zonyango mahala.

Onke la malungelo oomama abangatshatanga eRashiya ezisisiseko sentlalo eziqulathwe kuMgaqo emthethweni, singenakwaphulwa akukho arhente okanye umbutho. Kwimeko zokugxojwa enomntwana Ungaya enkundleni.

Amaxwebhu ukufumana iimpepha

Ukubethelela kwimo yaso umama ongatshatanga, umfazi kufuneka ukuba bagcwalise ze bangenise amaxwebhu athile;

1. Isicelo "umama ongenaqabane" status.
2. Xa kokufumana isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa, apho Count "uyise" awuzali / blank (okanye kubhaliwe namazwi yomfazi), unina ifomu isiqinisekiso №25 sigcwele.

La maxwebhu enomntwana ithwala okanye uthumela ngeposi ukuya kwisebe USZN (isebe ukhuseleko loluntu abantu) kwindawo abahlala kuzo. Emva unyango yomfazi labela ubume "umama ongenaqabane" eyabelwe izibonelelo ezithile.

Iinzuzo omama abangabodwa

Bonke abafazi abo kucingelwa ukuba umama ongatshatanga, bafanelekile ukuba isiqulatho inkxaso umntwana linyukile. ubukhulu yabo kuyimfuneko ukukhankanya kwisebe USZN apho imvume yokuhlala of lgotnitsa. Uluhlu iinzuzo:

1. Yesixa kwabo wema akhawunti ekliniki kokubeleka yokukhulelwa phambi umhla wokugqibela kwiiveki ezili-12.
2. kubeleka.
3. Yesixa-mali uncedo ukuzalwa komntwana (aqhutyiweyo kunye ezikhutshwe emva kokuzalwa).
4. Isibonelelo ngenyanga ukunyamekela umntwana de kweminyaka engama-1.5.
5. ngokuba Child Care Isibonelelo ukusuka kwiminyaka 1.5 ukuya-3.
6. Isibonelelo ngenyanga ukuze umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16.
7. inzuzo supplementary Regional a single unina.

Documents seenzuzo

Uluhlu amaxwebhu afunekayo ukuze izibonelelo ngenjongo abangatshatanga:

1. Ingxelo ye ingqalelo kanina olunye yabasetyhini, abhalwe USZN emzini wakhe.
2. Isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa somntwana.
3. Isitampu kwisiqinisekiso umntwana ngummi ibhaso kuye (obekwe kwi-ofisi yokundwendwela).
4. Certificate of ukwakheka intsapho lwezindlu (ukungqinwa co-unina kunye zokuphila umntwana).
5. Ubungqina oomama abangatshatanga (ifom №25).
6. Certificate of yengeniso (imbali yengqesho okanye isatifiketi unina yeNkonzo Employment, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba umfazi emi-akhawunti okanye hayi).
7. yokundwendwela sikanina.

Ngawo onke la maxwebhu kufuneka wenze iikopi. Kunye zokundwendwela ngokuyimfuneko page nemifanekiso umama ongatshatanga, kunye iphepha yobhaliso, iphepha kunye imo yomtshato, iphepha apho umntwana kubhaliwe. Onke amaxwebhu uthetha kulawulo ukhuselo loluntu kwindawo yobhaliso yayo.

amalungelo isibonelelo

UMthetho kwi oomama abangatshatanga ibandakanya izibonelelo ezithile kwabasetyhini kunye nale isimo:

• Isibonelelo okwandileyo umntwana (nyanga nganye), nto leyo ezimeleyo yengeniso yosapho.
• Isixa-mali eyongezelelweyo ngenyanga isibonelelo ukuya kwiminyaka 1.5 (emva koku kwaye ukuya kwiminyaka-3).
• uncedo lwemali ukuze umntwana kunyaka ngamnye (300-400 engange).
• Umama ongatshatanga (Labour Code - umthombo) ayikwazi ugxothiwe emsebenzini wakhe xa isindululo yolawulo, lo gama umntwana wakhe ayikho kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala. Kwimeko nokuphelisa epheleleyo inkampani / lweshishini, apho inani labasebenzi ezifunekayo ukunika umsebenzi wakhe omtsha. Efanayo kuthetha ekupheleni fixed-term.
• Ikhefu lokugula ukunyamekela umntwana lokugula (ngaphantsi kweminyaka 14) luhlawulelwe ixesha elide kunabanye.
• Umqeshi unyanzelekile, ngesicelo umama ongenaqabane, ukuba anikezele ikhefu imini-14 ezongezelelweyo ngaphandle komvuzo, uvumelekile ukuba asebenzise kunye engundoqo okanye ngalo naliphi na ixesha ufuna ngayo.
• Abaqeshi abanalo ilungelo lokwala ongumzali omnye umsebenzi, kwimeko ukusilela, ukuba ungaya enkundleni.
• Iintsapho ezinomzali omnye, oorhulumente bengingqi ukuze aququzelele intengiso (iimpahla zabantwana, iimveliso yococeko, zokudlala njalo njalo. D. At amanani ezifanele).
• Phinda ubukhulu ukutsalwa kwerhafu.

Olu luhlu kufuneka ukwazi yonke unina single kwaye akwazi ukuba ndibhenele kuyo nayiphi na imeko. abafazi ezinjalo ezivela macala onke ikhuselwe ngokusemthethweni, ngoko babhenele amanyathelo asemthethweni usoloko kuyimfuneko.

Grants for oomama abangatshatanga

Umba mali iye ezinye iingxaki ezifuna ukuba ukwazi yonke unina single. Ukumisela injongo mali kuyenzeka ngononophelo, njengoko umthetho, ixesha elide. Ngokwawo, ubume unina omnye emohluthayo umfazi nasiphi na isibonelelo kuba uzuza anda kunye neentlawulo evela kuRhulumente, ixhamla ngaphezulu. Kodwa ukuba ingeniso yosapho iyonke ayidluli ubuncinane lusekiwe, umama ongatshatanga unokufumana isibonelelo kwimbuyekezo iintlawulo eziluncedo.

Ukuze ngokusesikweni inkxaso (okanye ukwazi ukuba izakuthatwa), umfazi kufuneka ucele ulwazi kulawulo ukhuselo loluntu kwindawo yokuhlala ntsapho yayingamahlwempu. Qiniseka ukuba zazise irisithi ukuhlola lokugqibela intlawulo yeenkonzo zikamasipala, engqina nokungabikho ityala usapho kule ndawo. Further igosa yolawulo loluntu uzakubala ingeniso yosapho yonke ze ufumane umlinganiselo ukuba ilungu ngalinye lentsapho (abantwana). Ukuze wenze oku, dibanisa yonke imithombo ingeniso yekhaya: imivuzo, imihlala-phantsi, izibonelelo, yokufunda, kwaza kwavela ilungu ngalinye lentsapho. Ukuba ratio eliphuma ngezantsi nemigangatho emiselwe ngurhulumente, ngoko umama enye ufumana imvume le mali kwi imali yezinkonzo.

Amaxwebhu ukuze bafumane izibonelelo

Kuba ubhaliso lokuqala kuqhubeka efumana inkxaso-mali ukuba ngumama oyedwa ukunika imizimba iphakheji ukhuseleko lwentlalo kunye nala maxwebhu alandelayo:

1. Umnini isiqinisekiso kwi ndawo.
2. yokundwendwela sikanina.
3. isatifikethi sokuzalwa okanye bonke abantwana somntwana, ukuba kukho ezininzi.
4. irisithi exhasiwe engqina ukungabikho amatyala ngeenkonzo eluncedo kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokugqibela.
5. INtetho ukuqeshwa mali (ngokuqhelekileyo igcwaliswe ekudluliseni amaxwebhu).

Uncedo ukuxhaswa

1. FAQ malunga imithombo yengeniso onke amalungu entsapho kwezinyanga zintandathu zidlulileyo.
2. Uncedo, apho onke amalungu entsapho ezibhaliweyo kule lwezindlu (esikhutshwe kungekho iinkonzo zikamasipala amatyala, idwelisa wonk 'ubani obhaliswe kwi yokuhlala / indlu).
3. Nceda kukhuseleko loluntu ebonisa zonke iinzuzo ezifunyenwe yi umfazi.
4. Imivuzo ingxelo kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokugqibela (umfazi ukuba akaqeshwanga okanye ayisebenzi ngokusesikweni, isiqinisekiso esivela kwinkonzo yengqesho kwi ukufumaneka ubukhulu onesiphumo nokungasebenzi).

iinkqubo federal

Intsapho enomntwana ewela phantsi inkqubo federal ekuphumezeni uncedo kwiintsapho abaselula ukuphucula okanye ukufumana impahla. Le nkxaso-mali kubonelelwa ngayo ukufumana umama owodwa kwaye umntwana wakhe (a) indawo zokuhlala ummandla uwonke 42 square metres. m. Isibonelelo ikhutshwa phantsi kwale miqathango ilandelayo:

• kuseloko ndangenayo, akayekanga wayeneminyaka-35 ubudala.
• It has a iwonga engeyiyi abangatshatanga.
• yena solvency.
• uluhlu lokulindela izindlu ngemali.

Ngelishwa, abemi (kuquka oomama abangatshatanga) abafanele ukuba indlu, elinde kuba akukho namnye ngonyaka. kudala aphelise ukwabiwa ukulwa kwempahla eRashiya yanamhlanje. Ngenxa yoko, i "ngenkxaso karhulumente" oomama abangatshatanga badla kuhlala ephepheni. Kodwa xa kusenziwa Icacili phandle ukuba amaphepha kwakhona, bemi emgceni, "uxinzelelo" kwi incwadi yomthetho.

Sebenzisa ukhuselo karhulumente

Khumbula ukuba bonke abafazi abo kucingelwa ukuba umama single - uhlobo ezizodwa abemi abo kwilizwe lethu waba uncedo oluncinane kunye nenkxaso evela kurhulumente. Xabisa kuyo, uze usebenzise ngokupheleleyo (njengoko kunokwenzeka) ukuba wena nomntwana wakho. Emva koko, omnye unina - kwenkcazo umthetho oluyalelweyo kwizenzo zomthetho.

isiphelo

Eli nqaku sithi sonke kufuneka ukwazi yonke unina single. Kodwa musa ukulibala ukuba imithetho nemimiselo iya itshintsha ngokutshintsha, ngoko phambi kokuba kuqokelela amaxwebhu athile, ukufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngendlela zentlalo imizimba yokhuseleko kunye ofisi yobhaliso. Thatha uluhlu lwamaxwebhu ayimfuneko uzivale, ukudala iipasile eziya kuqhubeka ubume okanye inzuzo ubhaliso.