Iintlobo zombongo: a simahla, ivesi blank and nabanye

ivesi engenanto - ligama kwiindinyana iambic ngaphandle rhyme. Igama iingcambu IsiNgesi. Poetics kwenkcazo IsiNgesi of «vesi blank» Agqitha aya French - «Vers Blanc». Ngenxa yoko, le mibongo ivesi ungenanto aqotywa kunye 'zicinywe' rhyme. Ukungabikho rhyme yaba ezithile kwiimbongi yamandulo.

ivesi engenanto wandile kwisihobe yemveli Russian. Xa imisebenzi indima noshowo ukuba igatya ethile (isiphelo). Kwincwadi yemibongo, phezu koko, ivesi blank isetyenziswa alufane.

Syllabic ixesha imibongo Russian luphawulwa amazwi ingqalelo ngokukodwa nemvano-siphelo. Kodwa Trediakovskii wabona njengesiseko akuthethi isingqisho, kunye isingqi kunye manzi. Yaba nguye lowo wokuqala wabhala le ndinyana ungenanto, akukho isicengcelezo.

Emva Trediakovsky Kantemir eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "Iileta" Mangcu Horatius Flaccus. Oku kwabonisa ukuba iimbongi sillabisty ingqalelo ezingundoqo kule ndinyana ayithethi isingqisho, kunye nobukhulu Baleka, isingqisho metric.

I uthi encwadini poetics zobukhulu bamandulo, kuquka hexameter, zamkelwe ngaphandle imbambano. I 'blank vesi "ezinye dimensions akazange nangoko yamkelwe iimbongi.

Ngenkulungwane yokuqala yeshumi elinesithoba, kakhulu ekhusela imisebenzi eyenziwa bezrifmennyh Zhukovsky. Yayame Koltsov, Pushkin, Lermontov, kwaye ngenxalenye. Kamva, le vesi ungenanto uba zixhaphakile kwimibongo. I lelona kucingwa kwimisebenzi ezinkulu, ngokuqhelekileyo pentameter iambic.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukungabikho wemvano-siqalo phaya imisebenzi ayithethi ukuzihlutha zokugqwesa zoncwadi. Le vesi blank, njengokuba okunene kwabanye, olugciniweyo kwaye izafobe, kunye igatya, nesingqisho.

Nangona kukho ukunqongophala okukhulu imvano, itshati kwimiqolo ekupheleni, ndinyana abhaliweyo nokuthotyelwa kunye neemfuno metric. Ngamanye amazwi, imveliso siquka elilinganayo inani iinyawo, ubungakanani elinye igcinwa. Ukuthelekisa le vesi 'emhlophe "yaye" ezamahala ", umnandi izandi kuqala. Ababhali kwimeko yokuqala, inkululeko engakumbi malunga nokusetyenziswa ngendlela yokuthetha, nto leyo eyenza imveliso ngokweemvakalelo kakhulu.

ivesi Free yiRhymed umsebenzi yokufumana iambic, esibonakala yi linani (hayi ngaphezulu kwe ezintandathu) iinyawo kwimiqolo.

Used ivesi free iintsomi Mikhalkov, amahlwempu, Krylov. Ngu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ngale ndlela ziye zapapashwa imibhalo, epitaphs, epigrams. Kwivesi free, idrama wadala "ukubonakala" (Lermontov) kunye 'Yeha evela Wit "(comedy Griboyedov). Xa yokuqala zenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, ngendlela efanayo ukubhala elegy elithile umahluko encinane ubude bomtya. Xa kukho umahluko omkhulu ubude bomtya zingoma bafumana ithinti ethile zobugcisa leyo iintsomi yinqobo kuye.

Ezinye iimbongi, uzama ukubhala umsebenzi ombambazelayo, "free" alifumani nkxaso. "Darling" (umbongo Bogdanovich ngayo) - lo mbongo kuphela kwindinyana nikhululwe - wahlala ezahlukeneyo. Abahlalutyi abaninzi zoncwadi amele isimbo kwimbono ngembali ezihlangwini raeshnika yesizwe. Zombini ezi ndlela zinenkqubo efanayo imigca anisosyllabic. ivesi Free akukho mathuba ezahlukeneyo enesingqi, kule nkalo, oko akuthethi ukuba le cantabile, nto leyo eqhelekileyo ukuba indinyana efanelekileyo metric. Xa intliziyo freestyle unyawo disyllabic, engaquki ngevanishi okanye shestidolnik chetyrehdolnik utshintsho abambalwa kakhulu.

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini weza evela poetics asentshona, ibinzana elithi "ivesi free". Le nkcazo luphawulwa "ivesi ezamahala" - thile zolwakhiwo yinqobo vesi. Ayehlukile ukusuka syllabic-tonic isosyllabism kunye syllabic vesi. Okokuqala, igama elithi "ivesi ezamahala" lalisetyenziswa igama iguqulelwe Russian imisebenzi kwiimbongi French Symbolist.