Lyubechesky Congress of abathetheli: imiqathango kunye neziphumo

Akukho karhulumente aphakathi yaseYurophu badlula sikwinqanaba kuphuhliso wobukhosi ukuqhekeka. Kwafa abantu, yena soyise ngokukhawuleza (njenga kwi eNgilani), kwaye kwindawo ethile amaqumrhu zengingqi ezepolitiki elizimeleyo ngokwaneleyo phantse kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini (njengoko kwakunjalo eJamani kunye Italy). Not imyekile isiphelo kunye ephakathi Rus. Ixesha yokukhulisa amandla njengenkosana lokoyisa zezizwe Mpuma Slavic wanika indlela eya ilixa ngokutsha leepasile ilizwe phakathi abameli nzalandini yentsapho njengenkosana.

IMVELAPHI Lyubecheskogo Congress

Mhlawumbi, ungumhambeli lokuqala eli kufuneka luthathwe Vladimir Svyatoslavich ukulwa nomzalwana wakhe Yaropolk. Esi siganeko kwesiphelo X ikhulu longquzulwano yokuqala phakathi koonyana benganga oswelekileyo ngenxa etroneni Kiev. Ke ngokuwa Kievan Rus 'njengelizwe eyodwa ayeke. Ngokuqinisekileyo ngokwaneleyo, imithetho kunye nonyana Vladimira Velikogo, Prince Yaroslav Mudry. Noko ke, emva kokufa kwakhe, kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XI, ngakumbi yaye kokukhona iba inkqubo sokonakalisa Kievan Rus zibe fiefdoms ezahlukeneyo. Ethetha izizathu zale nkqubo kufuneka zenziwe kuphela ukuba inani iindlalifa ezinokubakho, bebanga etroneni, kodwa izizathu zentlalo-qoqosho. Ngoko ke, lo imvume kunye nokukhula ubudlelwane feudal ziye zakhokelela ekomelezeni kwimimandla. ukulimela na igalelo kuphuhliso nezorhwebo nokomeleza naziphi na unxibelelwano phakathi imimandla. izinduna Local ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaba nenzuzo ukugcina hayi prince of Kiev, kunye lendawo yabo. Into ebalulekileyo kwakhona waye ukukhula kwizixeko ezikhulu - Chernihiv, galich, Polotsk, ESmolensk, Suzdal. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XI, eRashiya yahlulwa ibe fiefdoms iinkosana Local, ngonaphakade balwa bodwa igunya, ummandla kunye negunya. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, impembelelo engalunganga wembambano yamakhaya zalibaziseka munye nxamnye notshaba oqhelekileyo zezizwe abavela kuzo kumathafa kuLwandle Black. Lilinge lokuqala ukusombulula le ngxaki kwaye uvumelane phakathi baba Lyubechesky Congress of abathetheli ngo-1097. igama layo ofumana, enyanisweni, ukususela iindawo ukuhlanganiswa - idolophu kwi Dnieper Ljubech ukuba kummandla Chernihiv mihla.

kwinkongolo Lyubechesky wezikhulu

Senior ngexesha unyana ka umfi ngo-1093, umthetheli Svyatopolk II Izyaslavovich, akakwazanga ukumelana enembambano ekhulayo. Konke oko kutshiwo kumhlathi ongaphambili lifikelele ngexesha apogee layo. Xa liphulo a njengegunya ngoko Rus Prince Vladimir Monomakh yaye yahlangana Lyubechesky Congress of iinkosana Russian ngo-1097. Eyona njongo iphambili yale ndibano yaba kwezithandani kwengxabano bamagazi izivumelwano ezithile phakathi iinkosana. Ngenxa thethwano Lyubechesky Congress of abathetheli kwakhokelela ekubeni isigqibo esibalulekileyo ngelo xesha: "umlawuli Yonke ibamba ozala yakhe". Ngoko ke, ngoku akukho Kiev prince enkulu suzerain, lowo unelungelo lokuba yokuhlanganisa phantsi intonga yakhe onke amazwe Russian, kodwa kunokuba elibeka umgaqo ukuba kwizikhulu zonke feudal unegunya ngokupheleleyo ulawulo yawo kwaye adlulisele loo njengelifa. Lyubechesky Abathetheli Congress yokusombulula le ntswela phakathi abathetheli ngaloo ndlela. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye esi sigqibo kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kwenziwe kakuhle ubé. Lyubechesky Congress of abathetheli ngokoqobo watyhala iRussia kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane XII ukuba imvume yokugqibela ukuzimela feudal kule mimandla.