Umbuso yileyo

Igama elithi "totalitarianism" (ukusuka 'totalitas "emva kwexesha) Libonisa ingqibelelo nenzaliseko. Eli gama wabonakala kwaye isasazeka yamashumi-banesifo. Ingcinga yasetyenziswa xa wayebhekisela iinkqubo ezikhoyo ngoko nezopolitiko kumazwe aliqela. Ngokomzekelo, ithi ukuba kukho ulawulo yileyo e-Italy, iJamani yamaNazi kunye yamaBolshevik yiSoviet Union.

Omnye wabantu bokuqala wasebenzisa eli gama uYohane. Amendola. Lo mbhali lowu ubukomanisi njengoko Fascism - korhulumente yileyo, nto leyo kubangelwa liberalism kunye nedemokhrasi.

Eli gama lisetyenziswa kunye George. BeeNtlanga. Ngowe-1925, inkcazelo ekuqaleni ukusetyenziswa ngurhulumente Italian. Ngenxa imisebenzi eeNtlanga, le ngcinga Fascism, lo gama weza ukusetyenziswa.

korhulumente Loozwilakhe, iimpawu zazo iyinqaba, kukho (njengoko imbali ibonisa) kwiimeko lobunzima enzonzobila. Kweli xesha kwemfazwe, ebudeni bemfazwe, njl Ngamaxesha anjalo, kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo ezinzima ukubuyisela uqoqosho, kumiswe livumela, buyisela umyalelo nokuqinisekisa uzinzo. Ngelo xesha adinga ukhuseleko amaqela asekuhlaleni kudlala indima iziseko zentlalo karhulumente.

Phakathi iimeko ezikhuthaza ukuvela ulawulo yileyo, abaphandi ezichaza ngezoshishino yoluntu. Kulo mzekelo, omnye ezona zinto zifuneka kuqala ezingundoqo kuphuhliso lwe umyalelo omtsha wezopolitiko kukwandisa amathuba eendaba ezinegalelo nje kuphela ideologization jikelele, kodwa ukusekwa ulawulo zonke iinkalo umsebenzi waloo mntu. Kule meko, ukuba uzelwe lokubanga yoqoqosho, idityaniswe yokomelezwa kwamandla karhulumente, kwakunye nemisebenzi yayo zokusuphavayiza ezilawulayo.

Ulawulo yileyo uqobo luphawulwa bubukho omnye, ideology ukusekwa ngokusemthethweni. Kuchazwa yi iqembu elibusayo, iqela lezopolitiko, inkokheli, intshukumo, okanye "inkokeli yabantu." Ngokungathandabuzekiyo oku xa umnqweno karhulumente ukufumana ulawulo mda yonke imiba yoluntu, kwakunye ukugqiba nokungeniswa womntu kwiimbono ezibalaseleyo kunye amagunya akhoyo. Ngelo xesha, urhulumente kunye nabantu baphathwa nje, elilodwa ebumbene.

Ideology umisela yinkokeli yezopolitiko. Isiseko sale ideology izithuthi rhoqo injongo ethile (okanye ukwakha ubukomanisi kulawula ihlabathi, umzekelo).

ulawulo Loozwilakhe ithatha iqela elinye kuphela. Kulo mzekelo, ezinye ukuyilwa kwezopolitiko yeentsali, wabatshabalalisa, kuya kuvumeleka. Iqela ngamandla (obusa) ufunyaniswe yinkundla efanelekileyo yinkokeli, kunye nokufakwa yayo yandlalwa nemfundiso engcwele.

Ngokubhekiselele kulawulo totalitarianism yohlukile centralism obukhulu. nezenzo zolawulo thaca kule fom yokwenza imiyalelo ukusuka ngentla. Xa eli phulo asikhuthazwa kuphela, kodwa bohlwaywe ngokuqatha. amagunya asekuhlaleni babe umsebenzi yokudlulisela imiyalelo.

I "inkokeli" kuza embindini kwinkqubo yonke. Isaziso kakhulu entle, olumkileyo, engenasiphako, basoloko becinga kuphela malunga ntle yabantu. Nayiphi wokugxeka kwinkokeli nangoko livunyelwe.

Into ebalulekileyo yolawulo yileyo yinto esisigxina yaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngokunxulumene besothusa labemi. Ngenxa yoko, imeko siphambili ukuphunyezwa kunye nokudityaniswa lwamandla lugonyamelo emzimbeni. Ukuze wenze oku, ukudala ghettos kunye kwiinkampu zoxinaniso, apho sentuthumbo eqhelekileyo, umsebenzi onzima, wokulwa, yaye kwakukho ukubulawa kwabantu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho amapolisa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwezopolitiko. Kodwa phantsi totalitarianism ubonisa "terroristichnost" umnqongo wolawulo kwamapolisa, nto leyo, ukubulala umntu, akukho mfuneko ukungqina ityala lakhe.