Labemi Philippine emizini kunye nemimandla

Philippines - esizwe island abakwiindawo ngohlangothi emzantsi-mpuma Asia. Ngaphandle kwizikolo ezikude yelizwekazi, eli lizwe ingumzekelo ocacileyo ngokuncedisana iimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo zenkcubeko. Kungenxa yoko le nto abemi Philippine nto non-uniform. Makhe ukufumanisa ngakumbi malunga abemi beli lizwe.

iimpawu zejografi Brief

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukufunda ngqo abemi kwiiPhilippines, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba uhlala nayiphi na imiqathango eendawo. Ilizwe ekummandla kwiziqithi zePasifiki, inani amakhulu amawaka asixhenxe ukuba yinxalenye ye-Malay Archipelago. Ilizwe ekummandla kumzantsi-mpuma Asia, phakathi kwisiqithi Taiwan kunye Indonesia. Le ndawo iyonke Philippines nama-300 macala onke. M. km.

Uninzi Philippine Islands ise emvula kwindawo kwemozulu uhlobo zemvula zemozulu, kodwa emazantsi eli lizwe kubekwe kummandla sub-Sahara le. Apha kule meko zemozulu kwaye wejografi abemi Philippines ubomi.

Ukuhlolwa emfutshane yembali

Abemi Philippine Islands kwifomu apho ikhona ngoku, kwamiswa ngenxa yenkqubo yezembali, ukufuduka eziliqela kunye namasiko. Makhe sihlolisise ngokufutshane imbali kwiiPhilippines, ingakumbi ukunikela ingqalelo kwifuthe lazo kwinguqu imbonakalo yobuhlanga eli lizwe.

Idatha yokuqala abemi Philippines kwakucingwa ukuba BC ngenkulungwane V. Ngoko kwiziqithi baqalisa ukuhlala babizwa ngokuba izizwe negritoskie angabemi kakhulu eMzantsi-mpuma Asia kunye ezinxulumene nobuhlanga Australoid. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje kwiiPhilippines ukuba ezinye zezi zizwe, umzekelo aety.

Kamva, xa inxalenye Taiwan siqithi yaqala ndzulu abameli Austronesian iilwimi, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ekubeni uninzi lwabantu Philippine. Ukongeza, abameli kwezizwe Austronesian ngabona Indonesia kunye namanye amazwe ezithile kwisiqithi i-Pacific Rim, kwakunye eMadagascar. Baye wadlala indima ephambili ethnogenesis of abantu mihla.

Kwakhona ukususela ngenkulungwane VIII, iziqithi baqalisa ndzulu abarhwebi Chinese, leyo aphawula ukuqala yempembelelo Chinese yenkcubeko kwi mmandla. Ngeli xesha (ukuya kwinkulungwane XVII), kwiiPhilippines aba yinxalenye ezahlukeneyo ithi Indo-Malaysian maritime, esi sixeko leyo ukwakweli kummandla Indonesia yanamhlanje. Ngoko ke Philippines wangena ubuHindu, Buddhism kunye nenkcubeko Indiya. Kwinkulungwane XIV iziqithi Arabhu kuqala lukhona, kodwa ke waqala ukusasaza Islam kweli lizwe.

Ngowe-1521, kwiiPhilippines aba abaMhlophe bokuqala. Baba amalungu crew okokuqala kwimbali yehlabathi, mkhankaso ihlabathi isiPhuthukezi kuFerdinand Magellan. Ngeli xesha kwi ziqithi walawula rajah phantse ozimeleyo, ingumbuso ngegama wavuma of Srivijaya karhulumente igxile iSumatra.

Ngo-1543 i-siqithi got igama layo ngoku ukusuka kwi Spanish, narekshih kubo imbeko iNkosi uPhilip II, umthetheli yokuqala. Ngowe-1565, Miguel Lopez waseka yokuqala ekwahlala kuyo abantu baseSpeyin kwiiPhilippines, ngokuba wancedwa kule amajoni 400. Emva koko ke baseSpeyin oyiswe phantse yonke siqithi. Inani labantu kwiiPhilippines kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukwamkela uninzi amaKatolika, ngokuyinxenye ukuba ufunxe inkcubeko iSpanish, yiya ulwimi iSpanish. Ngaloo ndlela, abantwana sele ngokuba ngamagama Spanish. Captaincy Jikelele Philippines yaqukwa kwi Viceroyalty of New Spain embindini Mexico yanamhlanje. Phakathi isixeko Philippine ka Manila kunye Acapulco Mexican waba amakhonkco zothutho obalaseleyo.

Abahlali kuphela ye-southern Philippines baba amaSilamsi, abawazanga loo ulawulo iSpanish waza walwa i umzabalazo wezigalo owawusilwa nayo, enyanisweni, lo gama kugcinwe ukuzimela kwabo.

Ngelo xesha, inxalenye enkulu kwiziqithi labemi Philippine, nangona iguqulelwe kubuKatolika kunye nolwimi lweenkobe na iSpanish, yaba ngakumbi kwaye ngqongqo nokufuna ukuzimela. Qhankqalazo waba rhoqo kule ngingqi. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX, umkhosi kumaqela revolution abo bazimisele ukulwa ukuya wokugqibela.

Ngowe-1898, emva kokulahlekelwa Spanish American War, baseYurophu kwanyanzeleka lokuncamela kwiiPhilippines ukuya abaseMelika. Kodwa abakwiiPhilippines ngokwabo engonelisekanga, bamema republic waza waqalisa imfazwe entsha inkululeko, leyo eyaphela ngo-1902. Usindiso ibhiyozelwa amaMelika, nangona uxhathiso kwezinye iindawo phantse de ekuqaleni leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Philippines yaba ikoloni US. Ngowe-1935 baye banikwe amalungelo Inkululeko ebanzi.

Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, kwiiPhilippines bengamabanjwa yaseJapan. Emva kokugqitywa ngo-1946, eli lizwe lazimela. I Philippines bafumana ithuba lokuphuhlisa ngokwabo. Yaba ulwimi olusemthethweni Philippines (based on Tagalog) kunye IsiNgesi. ikomkhulu eli lizwe - isixeko Manila.

ubomi lweModern Philippines

Noko ke, kokuzimela Philippines inalo ngokulwa rhoqo zihlaziywe phakathi imikhosi karhulumente, Maoist kunye namaqela Trotskyist, separatists Muslim emzantsi. Ngo-1972, urhulumente yasekwa ubuzwilakhe lobuqu Fernando Marcos, ngubani bagxothwa ngenxa kwiYellow Revolution ngo-1986. Emva koko kude zenzeka rhoqo inzame babhukuqwa abaxhobileyo.

Kunjalo, i Philippines kuhlala kumazwe aphuhlileyo kakhulu kwezoqoqosho kule ngingqi.

labantu

Okwangoku, lilonke inani labemi Philippine zabantu phantse million 103. Ngoko ke, eli lizwe zeeteksi yeshumi ehlabathini kwenani labantu abahlala kuyo.

Ukuxinana yabemi zakwiiPhilippines ungabantu 338 nganye 1 macala onke. km. Oku kwakhona enye amazinga aphezulu ehlabathini.

kuqamba yobuhlanga

Ubuninzi abemi Philippines ibhekisela lwezizwana ezahlukahlukeneyo Austronesian. Ubunzima eli candelo kufutshane 95%. Phakathi kwezi ntlanga kufuneka anikezele Visayas, Ta'ala, sebuantsev, varaytsev, Iloko, Pangasinan, Urhobo kunye Kapampangan abantu.

Le Visayas kakhulu ezininzi. Inani bale uhlanga ifikelela kubantu abazizigidi 32. Tagals Kulandelwe (22 mln.). It Tagalog yenza isiseko iincwadi Philippine, nto leyo olunye lweelwimi zaseburhulumenteni ezimbini. Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu yokuba olu hlanga uphethe ngundoqo lizwe, apho ikhoyo ikomkhulu - isixeko Manila. Iqela lesithathu ngobukhulu uhlanga zenza Iloko (million 9.5 zabantu.), Ngoobani bahlala ikakhulu kumantla weLuzon. Mkhulu ngamandla abo, yaye ingqukuva. Xa ngasezantsi Philippines zezona sebuantsy kakhulu ezininzi.

I osele amaqela axubeneyo Philippines. Ukuba ziquka i-5% yabantu abangekho kwi Austronesians "uhlambulukile". Phakathi kwezi maqela, elona nani likhulu ke ebizwa ngokuba mestis. Bona oonyana kwemitshato ezahlukeneyo phakathi kwamalungu beentlanga ezahlukeneyo kunye iintlanga eyayihlala kwiiPhilippines: American, IsiTshayina, baseSpeyin, abantu.

Iqela eyahlukileyo uhlanga ibandakanya Negritos - kwinzala bendawo, ngubani kuqala ahlala kwiiPhilippines.

iilwimi

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ePhilippines uye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni: IsiNgesi (ukunwenwa ukususela ngoko, xa ilizwe yaba thanga i-US) kunye bakwiiPhilippines (ngokususela ulwimi Tagalog lwasekuhlaleni).

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, nazo kusetyenziswa iilwimi amaqela athile eentlanga, abanye babo babe iwonga lwengingqi. Ukongezelela kwiilwimi ezisemthethweni Philippines zezi vasayskie eliqhelekileyo kwaye Ilocano. iilwimi Non-zemveli nazo kakhulu kwandile, oko kukuthi, IsiTshayina, iSpanish kunye Arabic. Oku kungenxa yokwanda yenkcubeko, kwakunye kangangeenkulungwane ukuxhomekeka lobukoloniyali kwi eSpeyin.

inkolo

Uninzi olungathethekiyo abemi iPhilippines ukweyisela Christian Catholic. Isabelo amaKatolika phakathi bonke abemi ziqithi phantse 81%. Ukongeza, kukho inani elikhulu ngokwentelekiso amaProtestanti kweli lizwe - ngaphezu kwe-11.5%. Iqela lonqulo lesithathu ngobukhulu - Muslims. Islam kwenziwa malunga-5% yabemi. Inkoliso ngabazalwane ezantsi. Ukongeza, kwiiPhilippines kukho uluntu zamaBhuda. Kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni babambelele neenkolelo zemveli.

Njengoko ubona, nangona ngakumbi ubukho bezinto ubuKatolika kwiiPhilippines kwiinkolo kunokuba motley yabemi.

Inani labemi kwesihloko

Le elikomkhulu iPhilippines Manila. Okwangoku, uluntu kwalo mzi abantu malunga 1.7 million. Oku kwenza kube kakhulu inani lesibini Iwabemi zokuhlala kweli lizwe. Ubuninzi babantu imalunga 43 lamawaka. Abantu 1 square kilometre nganye. Esi salathisi kwenza Philippines omnye kwekomkhulu imizi bantu baninzi ehlabathini. Ngelo xesha linye kwezinye iindawo nengxinano yabemi sixeko nakakhulu kwe amawaka 68. Abantu. macala nganye. km.

Abantu abaninzi elikomkhulu, njengoko kulo lonke kwiiPhilippines, Katolika Roman (93.5%). Malunga ne-6% maniltsev na amaProtestanti yamahlelo ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye kubahlali umzi - amaBhuda kunye nabalandeli zezinye iinkolo.

Njengoko ulwimi oluthethwayo olusetyenziswa bakwiiPhilippines, nto leyo esekelwe kwi-Tagalog, kodwa noluntu lwezoshishino kunye kwezemfundo IsiNgesi sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. I-Chinese yamaJuda ubukhulu becala lwesigodi yuzhnominsky eChina.

Inani labemi nakwezinye izixeko

Ngoku makhe sikhangele ukuba yintoni na abemi sezixeko kwiiPhilippines, ezo isimo ombaxa.

Isixeko kunezizwana kweli lizwe - Quezon City. Waseka kuthelekiswa kutshanje, ngo-1939. Ekuqaleni ebelizicwangcisile njengoko entsha elikomkhulu kwiiPhilippines. Kunjalo, ubume isixeko kweengqukuva kuphela ukususela ngo-1948 ukuya 1976. City Quezon ukwakweli siqithi sikhulu kwiiPhilippines - weLuzon. Kungenxa kufutshane eManila kwaye yinxalenye kuMmandla Capital National. Inani abemi e City Quezon ngakumbi ke ngaphezu kwikomkhulu, kwaye abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi 2.7, inkoliso yabo esahleliyo amaKatolika abathetha ulwimi bakwiiPhilippines.

Davao - isixeko kunezizwana wesithathu kwiiPhilippines kunye dolophu inkulu isiqithi Mindanao. Abemi lingaphezulu kwabantu 1.6 yezigidi.

Caloocan City ise kummandla ombhaxa. Kuyinto ekhaya kubahlali abangaphezu kwezigidi 1.3.

Kuzo zonke ezinye izixeko abemi belizwe - abemi ngaphantsi kwe kwesigidi esi-1. Phakathi kwabo, Cebu inkulu (798 amawaka INH ..), Zamboanga (774 amawaka INH ..) Yaye Antipolo (634 amawaka INH ..).

Population zizithili zemfundo

I Philippines yahlulwe kwimimandla-18 okanye izithili. KLABARSON mmandla unabantu abaninzi, ogama lakhe ungayiqondiyo amaphondo ayo enqila. Inani labemi le ngingqi million 12.6 zabantu.

Inani yesibini inkulu abemi yeyona ndawo mali, apho imizi lukhulu City Quezon kunye Manila. Kulo inani labantu abahlala kwafikelelwa kwinani labantu million 11.9.

Inani labemi kwezinye iingingqi na ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Western Visayas - abantu abazizigidi 7.1, Central Visayas - abantu abazizigidi 6.8, Urhobo Region - million 5.4 zabantu, Ilocos - bazizigidi ezi-4.7 abantu, Davao - 4.5 .... abantu million e North Mindanao -. yezigidi 4.3 abantu Negros -. yezigidi 4.2 abantu SOCCSKSARGEN -. yezigidi 4.1 zabantu, Eastern Visayas -. yezigidi 3.9 abantu Zamboanga Peninsula -. 3.4 yezigidi abantu ., Ukuzilawula kummandla Muslim Mindanao - kwizigidi ezi-3.3 abantu, Valley Cagayan -. yezigidi 3.2 abantu Mimaropa -. 2.7 million abantu Karaga -. yezigidi 2.4 abantu kummandla yolawulo Cordillera -. 1.6 abantu million.

iimpawu Jikelele abemi

Siye sajonga ukuba abemi Philippines ezixekweni nemimandla. Njengoko ubona, uninzi siqithi ngamalungu abantu Austronesian abathetha ulwimi Philippine kunye abathi ubuKatolika. Kungenxa kule kuba becala zimela labemi ye-Philippines. Photo of enye abameli imifuziselo lwamazwe amelwe kweli nqaku.

Noko ke, kweli lizwe kukho inani elikhulu abambalwa zesizwe kunye nezenkolo, bethetha iilwimi ezahlukeneyo abathi iinkonzo ezininzi (Islam, ubuProtestanti, ubuBhuda, njalo njalo. D.).