Indlela ukubhala isincoko uncwadi: imizekelo, isakhiwo kunye nesicwangciso nokubhala

Xa isincoko unika abafundi mihla ukuba babhale izincoko njengenxalenye yoviwo ngolwimi Russian kunye noncwadi, kwakunye uninzi lwezi iinkampani zinika ukhuphiswano imisebenzi enjalo ukuqesha abasebenzi abatsha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iimfuno zabafundi ukusebenza ngandlel babephikisana ngaphakathi uhlobo. Kodwa enoba lwalunjani, kufuneka uthathe iimviwo, kwaye akayi kuba akufuneki ezinye izinto ngalo mba.

Into kanye Thoughts

Nam ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, kunye neminyaka 435 eyadlulayo, Montaigne yaqalisa ingqiqo uhlobo lwesincoko. ukhokho Latin yegama eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "weighting", waya ulwimi Russian elide French has iintsingiselo ezininzi: isetyenziswa xa sithetha umzobo, umzobo, uzame ezinye uhlobo yamava, nkqu isampuli. Kuyabonakala ukuba, lo wokugqibela babhunga ukuba wabonakala esikolweni uhlobo olutsha lomsebenzi obhalwayo: ukubhala isincoko iincwadi kunye nolwimi Russian.

ERashiya, utoliko ngqo olu hlobo inikwa isithethe burlesque - i "look nento." Okuphoxayo kukuba, kule meko ngaphezu kufanelekile, kuba akunakwenzeka ebizwa ngcono umthamo omncinci umsebenzi iprozi ngaphandle ukwakheka esekelwe kuphela ngezakho izimvo kunye namava, akukho ibango ukuba alupheli yomfanekiso yesifundo.

Zalisa nenkululeko ntetho ezo zinto zifundwayo kunye namathuba ukuzichaza wenza izincoko uhlobo ethandwayo kungekuphela kukuvavanya ulwazi nezakhono zabafundi, kodwa enye yeempawu ezibalulekileyo kukhethwa abasebenzi kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo ukunceda abaqeshi, abo bafuna ukubona kwiqela yakhe ayiyicingi ngokuyilayo babe noluvo lwabantu. Ngoko ke, wonke umntu kufuneka bafunde ukubhala indlela isincoko uncwadi. Imizekelo umsebenzi olungileyo kusoloko kuluncedo kwixesha elizayo.

Inala igumbi ukuzichaza

Ukubhala isincoko iphuhlisa ubuchule bokucinga kunye nezakhono yokuvakalisa ebhaliweyo iingcinga kunye namava kunye umzekeliso umkhondo ingxabano. Iimpawu ze olu hlobo:

- ingqalelo kuyo umsebenzi udaba olulodwa okanye isifundo esithile; apho kuba sihlaziya iingxaki;

- Itekisi isekelwe phezu ngamava akhe oba, ngoko akanakuba utoliko alupheli yomxholo; saphetha ngokuba izizathu zakho;

- ukubhala isincoko uncwadi icebisa ukuba igama elitsha ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, kwaye nangona imibala luluvo, uhlobo lo msebenzi zinokohluka (historical kwaye buqu, bulumko, etsomo, zoncwadi-amadlala, journalistic, ezenzululwazi nezaziwayo);

- eyona nto ebalulekileyo kule uhlobo - yesazisi yombhali; umxholo kufuneka kusekelwe phezu iingcinga zakhe, iimvakalelo kunye nesimo sengqondo.

features uhlobo

Kakade ke, ukususela izincoko zesikolo, nezincoko zingaba alinyanzele ukuthotyelwa ngqongqo zonke iimpawu uhlobo, kodwa bayazi umntu ayinakukukhathaza.

1. volume kakhulu eliphantsi. Imisebenzi zoncwadi ngayo kwiphepha incwadi amashumi eziliqela. Xa uninzi kwiiyunivesithi Russian kuvumelekile ukuya ku-10 A4 amaphepha iseti ikhompyutha, njengoko, umzekelo, eHarvard, ayinako ukudlula ezimbini. Ukuze isebenze ngexesha uviwo kwanele ngenxa yamazwi 300.

2. Specific. Lwanele ukuba siqwalasele le ngxaki ukuze ubhale isincoko, izincoko kwi uncwadi. Imizekelo kufuneka uqinisekise evakalisa ingcamango eza kudala umanyano lwangaphakathi.

3. Intetho kunye nabanye. Ukuba kufuneka ingqalelo umbhali nomfundi, kwaye oko kuya kuba lula ukuba kakhulu okanye ithoni abafundisayo, inzima, bekudidekisa ukuqonda izakhiwo. Ukuba uyakholwa abaphandi uhlobo, uyakwazi ukubhala isincoko elungileyo, kuphela ongumnini umxholo, kwaye ukuba kubalulekile ukuba umbhali.

4. Le nto imangalisayo. Qhagamshela neziphakamiso efanayo, amazwi aphoristic kunye neenkcazelo, iimpawu isenzeko ukusuka kwikota engalindelekanga - oko sizalwa imisebenzi Amagcisa ixesha ngalinye bafundi isimanga ukuba ukubonakalisa.

5. Unqongophalo sikhokelo esemthethweni. Olu hlobo ungalilulameliyo ingqiqo, apha yonke isekelwe imibutho. Kodwa ke umgaqo "yonke indlela macala," kufuneka ufunde, ngoko izincoko zesikolo iincwadi, imizekelo leyo, ukuba oyifunayo, inokufumaneka kwaye ufunda, kodwa kulawulwa kancinane.

6. yintatheli Ukuthetha. Ukunikezela omnye umfundi, kufuneka uthethe nje, kodwa uqaphele ithoni bokungakhathali kwakungandonwabisi. Kwakhona amabinzana ethile, slang, amagama elifinyeziweyo ayamkelekanga. Kufuneka babe ngamalangatye ngumnqweno ukuba babelane ngeengcinga zabo.

Ubume lesincoko yesikolo

Phambi kokuba uqale, kubalulekile ukuba isigqibo ngesihloko leyo ikufuphi imeko sangaphakathi lombhali. Kananjalo wazibekela usukelo yokubhala: oko aya wathi omtsha, ukuze sifeze umsebenzi isincoko - ukutsala ingqalelo. Kungcono ukuqikelela kwangoko kunye nomthamo elifunekayo.

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, imisebenzi yalo uhlobo azikho nokwakheka engqongqo okanye esisinyanzelo - ibimele inkululeko kunye moya ngezimvo. Kodwa, ethetha ngomsebenzi yomfundi, kufuneka sizamkele ubomi amancinci kunye namava zoncwadi zabantu abatsha. Kakade ke, kufuneka inkxaso, izincoko isampula, izincoko kwi uncwadi, ngoko abafundi bakhetha ukunika isakhiwo kulindeleke zetekisi:

- Izicatshulwa (iingcinga zakho), njengoko umthetho, wabeka phambili ekuqaleni.

- I uphikiswano (ubungqina) ixhasa imbonakalo lombhali. Njengoko ingxabano, ungasebenzisa izibakala aziwayo, iziganeko, izenzakalo kubomi; esekelwe kumava akhe okanye iimbono zabaphengululi anegunya and Statistics; jonga iincwadi imveliso kulo. Eyiyo Inani iingxoxo - ezimbini.

- Intshayelelo - oku ke ugxininiso kule ngxaki, nto leyo eza kuxoxwa.

- Isiphelo - imbono yombhali lobuqu ngalo mbandela.

Ukuvumelana isakhiwo iziqendu kufuneka yabelwe ngokuchanekileyo. Musa ukulibala ukuba uhlobo lwesincoko kwi ncwadi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle expressivity (imvakalelo) kunye nobuGcisa (ukusetyenziswa Fine kwemali). Kubhetele ukuba ukhethe i, izivakalisi ezilula ezimfutshane, ezahlukeneyo iingxelo ithoni kunye nenjongo. Dash conjunctionless kunye nezindululo ezingaphelelanga kuya kukunceda ukuba uphephe prolixity.

Ukwahlukanisa ngokwemvelo

Mhlawumbi, akukho mxholo ukuba bekuya kuba nzima ukuba babhale isincoko. iindawo Latitude kufuna nenengqondo. Ngoko ke, lo argument ingaba:

- ngokomoya nenkolo;

- zobugcisa journalistic;

- zoncwadi-ezibalulekileyo;

- bulumko yamaGrike;

- obuciko, yimbali.

Iingcinga eluhlobo

Nawuphi ngcingane ufakwe kwi iqokobhe boncwadi. Oku kuzakususa umdla entsha zezincoko kwi uncwadi. Imizekelo oko uyakwazi ukubhala esi sincoko, ibe ehlaselwa isisombululo engaqhelekanga:

- epistolary uhlobo (incwadi);

- iidayari (isiganeko ngokulandelelanayo);

- ngobuciko lyric (inkcazelo);

- review (uluvo elinobuchule);

- article (Inqaku kumajelo eendaba).

Ukukhetha le ndlela ntetho

Iindidi nezincoko zingaba:

- yohlalutyo (wakha phezu analysis);

- ezibalulekileyo;

- anombala (impendulo yakhe into);

- esibalisayo;

- esichazayo.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini

Kufuneka silungiselele kakuhle lokubhala izincoko iincwadi, imixholo leyo kufuneka isigqibo impikiswano. Yintoni na? Umzekelo, ukunika waqiqa zohlolo ngumkhuba jikelele yokuziphatha - koko ubhale umsebenzi ayinyani. Esi sincoko kuchonga inxalenye ubuntu yombhali. Ke ukuba isifundo kufuna ukuba siqwalasele le ngxaki yenzululwazi obekwayo nawuphi na umsebenzi oqeqeshelweyo, ngoko ke ukuba isincoko njongo, apho umxholo we sifundo okanye inkcazo ngowona, umbhali ungenisa kuye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, esikolweni imisebenzi ezifanayo ezibhaliweyo kule imixholo kweelwimi okanye boncwadi.

Isincoko umbhalo banikwa

Iyafuna bemiyo phezu nkcukacha zokubhala umsebenzi yokugqibela yoviwo kulwimi Russian. Ungasebenzisa ayiyontetho yemihla ngemihla sesincoko. Ngokutsho uncwadi, kungcono ukuba siphephe mgawuli cookie kwi imisebenzi. Ngoko, kwi UKUSETYENZISWA in Russian kulindeleke ukuba babhale íOpus elifutshane kwisicatshulwa elinikiweyo. Ukuba uyalikhumbula isakhiwo lesincoko, kukho ingongoma olongezelelweyo: imfuneko ukubonisa ukuma umbhali (umbhali odumileyo, isazinzulu, okanye intatheli), kwaye ukuvakalisa isimo sabo kuyo.

unako ukukhonza inkxaso athi:

• ukuvavanya (ntoni);
• ukuchonga iziko (ntoni);
• ukuveza indlela yakho;
• aphume yokuba;
• ngokusekelwe kwi ukuqonda kwakho;
• umahluko nesigama;
• ingqalelo semthethweni;
• sinikele ingqalelo;
• zibonakalise ngokuqiniseka;
• kucacisa uhlobo;
• xi ukungxamiseka.

Indlela yokuphepha iimpazamo

Nabani na angazenza forearmed. Kubalulekile ukuba bafunde isincoko edumileyo uncwadi, imizekelo apho iya kuba ngumzekelo omhle. inkululeko Uhlobo kuthetha ubuchule mda, kodwa iziphene kule ntetho iya kuqhuba ukusabela ucinge nto.

1. Qwalasela yonke. Yaye nje upelo. Funda ngokuvakalayo imfuneko ukuqonda ngcono. Ukuba kukhubeka - ngoko ndadibana zimbi, kwaye kufuneka kufakwe. kufuneka ibe akukho amabinzana antsonkothileyo apho.

2. Sibonisa kakuhle. isincoko, kufanele eqaqambileyo, hayi imifanekiso ngaphantsi umdla kufuneka ngokuxhasa. Yaba iingxoxo buthuntu yaye akukholisi ukunciphisa izinga lomsebenzi.

3. Susa asele. iimpazamo gumbini kungaba intshayelelo elide kakhulu okanye ngokubalisa kwakhona enenkcukacha yomsebenzi, kuthathwe ye, classes. Lobuya dilutes lo mbono. Isincoko swi ezijikeleze ingcamango enye. Kunye neenkcukacha ezingaphezulu kunye neziphazamiso kuyiviva ngekrele kuyo.

4. Chaza. Ukulungiselela isincoko uncwadi ilele ekufundeni ukubhala izivakalisi ezifutshane (oku akuthethi ukuba elula kuphela kwaye monosyllabic zokucinga). kwezivakalisi Long lungenasiphumo nesithukuthezi kuthintela isibotho kwiCandelo. Ukuba usebenzisa conjunctionless kunye nezivakalisi ezingaphelelanga.

5. Ukubhala ecacileyo. Kuyinto kuyimfuneko isincoko ubonise erudition lwabo lwenzululwazi. Okubhaliweyo yenzelwe umfundi-umhlobo, ukuze kungabikho mntu amagama angaqhelekanga apho kufuneka, efuna uncedo isichazi-magama okanye encyclopedia.

ÍOpus for abakhulu

Ukuba ngenxa zezincoko zesikolo - evaluation, isincoko kukhuphiswano bokufumana umsebenzi uyakwazi ukutshintsha ubomi bakho bonke, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ubhale kuyo njengenzame lokugqibela. Zonke iingcinga kufuneka sanded, i ingxoxo leyo kwakheka kwi siseko ekuqiqeni kunye nesimbo ntetho - ogqibeleleyo. Yaye simele sikhumbule ukuba oku isincoko, izincoko iincwadi - imizekelo kwiitekisi zoncwadi kukho efanelekileyo kancinane.

Amanqaku abalulekileyo umdla lomqeshi:

- uvavanyo lwakho ngabanye kunene;

- ukukwazi ukuvakalisa iingcinga ephepheni;

- izinga lokufunda nokubhala;

- qotho ukuthembeka;

- ukukwazi ukuba isigqebelo kwaye eqhula;

- nesimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo ngobomi.

Izincoko on iincwadi imfazwe

Imizekelo yomsebenzi nabanye abantu zingasetyenziswa kuphela ngenjongo ngokutsha. Womunye - umsebenzi ngongenambulelo. Ukuba umntu akakwazi ukubhala isincoko, ngoko kutheni na ukuba ufunde ukwenza oko? Ubuncinane ukuqala like this.

"Ibali Vasilya Bykova" Sotnikov "uthathwa ukuba imveliso hayi kangaka imfazwe, kodwa ukhetho yokuziphatha woMntu. On ntoni kusiya? , Lowo ibe kakuhle oko: kwimeko ezibalulekileyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo, umntu uthi, "Mna kufuneka enze oko sele abazali bafundiswa ukufundisa njani ootitshala, ngenye indlela, wonke umntu uya kuqwalasela umntu embi." Ndiyavuma ukuba oku abhalwa. Ndiya kucinga ukuba ukhetho yokuziphatha walungisa yonke ekuphileni kwangaphambili. Yena zendalo emntwini, ukuze wenze ukhetho phakathi kwe-apile ezimbini.

Apha ke - emthini neemigaqo ezintlanu. Isigwebo sokufa ezintlanu: Basia intombazana, uPetros ubudala, umama wabantwana abathathu kunye luqalile Demchiha: Umlobi kunye Sotnikov. Ukuba bekufuneka ukhethe ukuze bahlale bephila? Ewe. Emva ekwenziweni ndzhendzheleko, kwaye kuya kuba njalo sodwa. "

Entry. Le thesis abeke phambili. Le ngxoxo lokuqala. Ngoko ke thembela phezu iinyaniso zobomi, nabo bonke ukurhoxiswa ngokupheleleyo.

sokubhala isincoko ayikho nzima, ukuba unayo into yokuthetha kunye kakhulu ukwabelana.