Kondrat ziya kumila - umbhali lokuqala kazwelonke Belarus

Kondrat Krapiva - Umbhali Belarusian kunye nani yoluntu, umguquleli, umbhali, uHorace, imbongi, iqhawe lwentlalo. zabasebenzi. Umbhali yeentsomi, amanqaku satirical, amabali amafutshane kunye nemisebenzi lingvogeografii Belarusian. Izihlandlo ezithathu wawongwa USSR State Prize. Kweli nqaku uzakumelwa ibhayografi emfutshane Kondrat ngamarhawu. Makhe siqale.

ebuntwaneni

Kondrat ngamarhawu wazalelwa elisezantsi kwilali ngo-1896. abazali le nkwenkwe baba abalimi. Ekuqaleni, yena Wabufunda esikolweni wecawa waza indawo izikolo ezininzi. Ngowe-1913 waba utitshala kazwelonke, abapasa iimviwo zangaphandle. Emva konyaka waqala ukufundisa esikolweni le lali Misha. Ngowe-1915 awathunyelwa emkhosini.

inkonzo Military kunye nomsebenzi

Kondrat inkonzo Military Krapiva waphumelela kwisikolo zamisa waya ngaphambili (nje 1st World). Yena inxaxheba kule mpi kwi ngesiRomania Navy de-1918. Emva koko esibhedlele abe njengomfundisi. Emva koko ngamarhawu wavuka ungutitshala kwilali Kamenka, kodwa ke kwakhona umbhali elizayo wayilwa ukungenela umkhosi, apho wakhonza de 1923.

Emva kokubuyela ziya kumila into kwakhona wafumana umsebenzi njengomfundisi. Eli xesha kule lali siqithi. Kodwa ke apha iya kuhlala ixesha elide. Ngowe-1926 Kondrat ugqiba ekuphakamiseni umgangatho wemfundo waza wangena isebe zokufundiswa kwe BSU. Kwiminyaka emine emva koko, yena ngempumelelo waphumelela kulo. Ukususela 1932 ukuya 1936 umhleli ukusebenza kweli phephancwadi "idangatye Revolution".

re-call

Kungekudala emva koko wabuya bazilungiselela njengendoda owayesakuba yasemkhosini. Kondrat ngamarhawu e Red Army bamisa iinkampu Western Belarus. Ngowe-1939-1940-s wathabatha inxaxheba Russo-Finnish War. Emva koko, umbhali anyothule iyunifomu yakhe entle. Kodwa ke yonke into iyasebenza Intatheli abaphambili abasebenza ngayo iphephandaba "Kuba Soviet Belarus".

izithuba ezitsha

Kulo nyaka 1945-1947 wasebenza njengoko umhleli "Vozhyk". Ngowe-1946, sathunyelwa UN yeNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo njengoko njengomthunywa le imthetho Byelorussian.

1947 ukuya 1952, ngamarhawu wakhokela icandelo Ezolimi kwi-Institute of Language and Literature of the Academy of Sciences. Yaye ngo-1952 wamiselwa umlawuli we-University of Ezolimi.

Ukususela 1956 ukuya 1982, ngamarhawu waba usekela-mongameli we-Belarusian Academy of Sciences. Yaye ukususela 1982 ukuya 1989 - ephambili ngumphandi nomcebisi kweli isebe lexicology le Institute of Yakub Kolas.

Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe izihlandlo ezininzi ziya kumila into wonyulwa namasekela ukuya Ephakamileyo yiSoviet of the BSSR. Umbhali wafa e Minsk ngo-1991.

indalo

Kondrat Krapiva, ogama engobomi ichazwe kweli nqaku, yaqala ukubhala ngeelwimi ezimbini - Belarusian kunye Russian. umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala ku Russian "Kudala-dala" (feuilleton kwivesi) yapapashwa ngo-1922 "Red Army PRAVDA". Kulo nyaka-ndaba "Sovetskaya Belarus" epapashwe umbongo satirical "matchmakers" ngolwimi Belarusian. Ngeminyaka yee-1920 kwafika yeengqokelela zokuqala Kondrat - "ngamarhawu" yaye "laseOstia".

Ziya kumila into ngoku yaziwa njenge umbhali satirical, kodwa enyanisweni wayezama ukubhala amabali ezinzulu. Abahleli lokubonisana, kodwa yapapashwa kuphela uvuthondaba. Yaye abafundi bakwazi bagcine i-mbini efanayo kuwo wonke umsebenzi ngamarhawu.

Kondrat de-1926 waba lilungu lombutho boncwadi "Maladnyak", emva koko waya i "Uzvyshsha".

Ekuqaleni umsebenzi wakhe ziya kumila into wazama kakuhle uhlobo iprozi, ukudala satires. Kodwa ke ndamnika lo msebenzi.

Kuzo zonke amaphephancwadi apho Kondrat wasebenza abe ngumhleli, wayezithethelela ulwimi Belarusian. Nayiphi ukugxekwa bemsinekela ke. Ngalo mba lo mbhali nkqu intsomi "Ibhokhwe."

Kwamarhawu wenza a lot of zodluliselo. Yena zaguqulelwa Belarusian Shevchenko, Twardowski, Mayakovsky, yaseChekhov, Ostrovsky, Gogol, Pushkin, Krylov, Fonvizin, Shakespeare kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Kondrat wabhala phambi kokufa kwakhe. Wabeka wokuchwetheza kuphela xa esabona Sikwimeko embi. umsebenzi wakhe yakutshanje melodramatic "On vystryni" Umbhali bathweswa izidanga ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-86.

anika umdla

• Eyona nto iphawulekayo ibali ngendlela Kondrat ngamarhawu ngokubanzi benza ngencwadi ebhaliweyo. Ngenye imini yena ehamba kwidolophana ndabona eqhotyoshelwe kwiphephandaba udonga ebizwa ngokuba "eSoviet Belarus". Nqumama, umbhali elizayo wagqiba kwelokuba afunde isibini lwamanqaku. Ezikuthandayo Kondrat, waza wagqiba ukuzama isandla sakhe endle boncwadi.
• Isaci Life ngamarhawu - "Akukho imini ngaphandle umgca." Kodwa lo mbhali ayikaze kwaye akukho namnye owathi into esebenza. Hi xikombiso, "Isango yokungafi" Kondrat pisal yakho malunga kwiminyaka emi-6. Ke oko kwazeka kuphela emva kokuba umsebenzi kuluntu.
• Kondrat ngamarhawu waba memory elinawo. Uye Musani idayari yaye babhala phantsi iinombolo zomnxeba needilesi. Yonke Kubalulekile ukuba sihlale apha entloko. Xa umntu evela isangqa abahlobo umbhali ke kuyimfuneko ukuba ukufumana inombolo yefowuni elithile zonke kwaoko waguqukela ngamarhawu. Kondrat Ukuba kwakunjalo, mna ngoko nangoko ndamnika amanani. Ebudaleni ikwandim, umbhali yawa kakuhle kakhulu, nto leyo ethintela ukuba bazibandakanye emsebenzini umhleli. Kwakhona yophula memory kuyamangalisa, ikuvumela ukuba ukuhlela izichazi ngaphandle wenziwa uncwadi ezikhethekileyo. In memory ngamarhawu wayigcina yonke utshintsho dialectal kunye neentsingiselo yamagama.
• Kodwa ke umbhali rhoqo bathatha amanqaku. Phezu kwayo konke, uye efunde oluninzi zokubhalela. Uninzi aba amanqaku zohambo okanye amagama. Kondrat waba ngesandla elihle egudileyo. Akazange wenza amanqaku kwi imida kwaye vali.
• Ukongezelela kuncwadi, Kondrat Krapiva (. Jonga umfanekiso ngentla) Ukuba nomdla - chess. Yena ahlale ibhodi kangangeeyure. Kwakhona, umbhali waba iseti chess okhethekileyo ogama iziqwenga wagawulwa umthi ongaqhelekanga.