Izwe laseLebhanon: imbali kunye nesimanje

I-Middle East iyinxalenye enomdla, yokuqala yeplanethi. Iidolophu ezindala kunazo zonke, inkcubeko ekhethekileyo - yonke le yiMpuma Mpuma. Ilizwe leLebhanon (eLebhanon) lelinye lamazwe amanqabileyo aphakathi kweMbindi Mpuma. Izikhumbuzo zembali kunye neenkcubeko zigxininiswe apha, ihlabathi lakwadala kunye nelo xesha lwakhona lilapha, nantsi indawo yokuvuma ezininzi kwihlabathi.

Indawo yeendawo

ILebhanon eWest iyaziwa njengeLebanon. Ilizwe lisempuma yeLwandle lweMeditera kwintaba. Umda osenyakatho nempuma yelizwe uchaphazela imida yaseSiriya, umda wezantsi wakwaSirayeli. Inkunzi yeRiphablikhi yiBeyrare. ILebhanon yinkalo encinci enezigidi ezigidi ezine, ezingama-95% zazo ziLebhanisi zemveli. I-87% yabemi ihlala kwizixeko, enkulu kunazo zonke i-Beirut, i-Tripoli, iSaida.

Imozulu kweso sigaba seMiddle East, apho iLebhanon ikhona khona, i-Mediterranean ephantsi komhlaba. Kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kunyaka wonke unqabileyo. Oku kubakhenkethi abakhenkethi abanomdla kwimidlalo ye-alpine.

Imbali yeLebhanon

Kwintsimi yeSouth-West Asia, impucuko iye yaphuhliswa ngamawaka amaninzi eminyaka. ILebhanon lizwe elikuloo ndawo yaseFenike yamandulo neyenamandla. Ngokutsho kwezenzululwazi zaseMerika, kwiindawo zokuhlala ezilishumi elinesihlanu ezindala kwihlabathi, ezilishumi elinesithathu zifumaneka eMbindi Mpuma. Olu luhlu luquka imizi emine yaseLebanon: iByblos, iBeirut, iTire, iTsidon. Ezi zinto zivumela ukuba sigqibe ekubeni ilizwe laseLebhanon linembali ekhethekileyo kwaye igcina inkcubeko ekhethekileyo.

Byblos

Abaphengululi be-Archaeologists baqala ukuhlaliswa kweendawo zokuhlala kwiindawo zesixeko saseLebanon saseJubail senkulungwane ye-7 BC. I-Byblos yidolophu yasekudala eyakhiwe ehlabathini. Igama lanikwa kuye ngamaGrike asendulo, athatha ipapyrus (beblos) kuye. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo idolophu ithathwa njengeyona ndlela yokuhamba ukusuka e-Afrika ukuya eYurophu. Ukuba neendawo ezibonakalayo ezibalulekileyo, i-Byblos yayingaphantsi kweBhabhiloni, neYiputa, nePersia, neByzantium. Yingakho ukubonakala kweso sixeko kubuninzi. I-amphitheatre yaseRoma yokuqala ye-3 ye-AD iyagcinwa, efumaneka kwindawo ephawulekayo echwebeni elwandle. Ephantse kwidolophu yecandelo lezemidlalo lalifunyenwe amathuna amandulo asebukhosini baseFenike. Umbhalo kwi-sarcophagus kaHiram - ukumkani owawubusa ngenkulungwane ye-12 BC - yenziwe ngeefabhethi zamandulo zaseFenike. Kukho indawo e-Byblos ekhankanywe kwiincwadi zakudala kunye neBhayibhile. Ngoko, emthonjeni weTsar, ngokwembali, iinyembezi zikaKumkanikazi uIsis zazibuthe, zilila indoda yakhe u-Osiris. Kwiminyaka ye-12 ukuya kwe-13 ukuya kweye-13, ngeli xesha le-Crusaders, kwakhiwa iBandla laseSt.

WaseTsidon

Ilizwe leLebhanon libeka intliziyo yenkohliso yaseFenike-isixeko saseSasu, esaziwa ngokuba yiSidon. EBhayibhileni, abemi baseFenike babizwa ngokuba ngamaTsidoni. Isixeko esinembali yamandulo nesityebi kangangeminyaka emininzi salwa nomzi waseTire (igama lamanje iSur) lokuphrowswa ePhenicia. I-Sidon idume ngokuba yi-glassware ebomvu neyodwa. Kwintsimi yeso sixeko zigcinwe izikhumbuzo zamaxesha okuchuma kweFenike, ukulawulwa kwamaGrike, amaKreseli kunye namaTurkey.

Inkcubeko yaseLebhanon

Imbali ye-Millennial yomhlaba waseLebanese ayikwazi ukuchaphazela imifanekiso yenkcubeko yanamhlanje yelizwe. Njengasezweni eliphakathi kweMpuma-mpuma, uluntu oluninzi luyiSilamsi. ELebhanon, ipesenteji yamaqela ahlukeneyo angamaKristu ahlukeneyo. Ukuba lizwe leentlanga ezininzi, iLebhanon yaziwa ngokuba neenkcubeko zayo zenkcubeko ezindala. Kunyaka ngamnye, abatyeleli bakhangwa yimikhosi emininzi, ebanjwe eBeirut naseBalbek. Umculo waseLebhanon uyanconywa ngokukhethekileyo, kodwa ulungelelaniso oluhle lwezhyhym kunye ne-tempos. Ubugcisa baseFenike bokudweba ukhuni nokudala umama weparele kusekho. Ilizwe laseLebhanon lidumiwe ngokutya kwelizwe, ukudibanisa izitya zaseMedithera naseMiddle East.

Iziko lo mtsalane

ILebhanon yamkela abavakhenkethi kwihlabathi lonke. Nanku wonke umntu unokufumana izinto ezininzi ezithakazelisayo. Abafaki bembali, i-archeology kunye nezokwakha izakhiwo banokutyelela iminyuziyamu yaseBeirut, eTire, Byblos, Tripoli nakwiindawo zembali zezixeko. Abo banqwenela ukuphumla nokuphumla baya kufana namabhendi amaninzi kummandla waseMedithera. Umda wonxweme uhlukaniswe kwisityambo kunye ne-basalt kunye nencithakalo ebukhali elwandle. Kubakhenkethi abakhetha ukonwaba okusebenzayo, iLebhanon inokuhambisa i-diving eMeditera. Iziza zokudibanisa zaseLebhanon, apho unokubona khona izakhiwo zoBukumkani baseRoma, usebenza unyaka wonke. Imisedare, i-Faraya, iLakluk yizona zikhulu zokupaka ze-ski zelizwe laseLebhanon. Iliphi ilizwe elingenakuhlangana neendwendwe ngelizwe lokutya? Ukutya kwe-Lebanese kunesitya kubagadi bezityalo kunye nabathandi bempilo. Uhambo lweePilgrim luye lwahlelwa eLebhanon. Ininzi ehanjelwe yi-nunnery yoMama kaThixo (Deir Sadeet el Nuria), ehambelana nokuhlangula okuninzi kunye nokuphilisa. Abakhenkethi abaxabisa kakhulu ubuhle bemvelo baya kumangaliswa ngamagquma ka - karst kaJaita, umsedare waseBhishara.