Izixhobo zomnyukliya: inkcazo, iintlobo

Izixhobo zomnyuzi wecompromagnetic igama eliqhelekileyo lokufakela okujoliswe ukukhawuleza izinto (izinto) ngoncedo lwamandla ombane. Ezi zixhobo zibizwa ngokuba yi-electromagnetic mass accelerators.

Izibhamu ze-electromagnetic zihlukaniswe ziintlobo ezilandelayo:

1. I-Railgun - esi sixhobo siyi-accelerator ye-pulse ye-electrode. Umsebenzi wale divayisi yintembeko yeprojekti phakathi kwama-electrode amabini - umzila-oya kuthi uhamba ngawo. Siyabulela oku, izibhamu ze-electromagnetic zalolu hlobo zinegama labo-umzila wesitimela. Kwizixhobo ezinjalo, imithombo yangoku ixhunyiwe kwisiseko somzila, ngenxa yoko ukuhamba kwamanje "emva" kwinto ehambayo. Inkundla yamagnetic idalwe malunga nabaqhubi, apho ijikeleza khona ngoku, igxininiswa emva kwendlela yokuhamba. Ngenxa yoko, into leyo, eqinisweni, ngumqhubi, obeka kwi-field magnetic field eyenziwe yimilayezo. Ngokomthetho we-physics, i-projectile ithinteka ngamandla kaLorntz, ejoliswe kwindlela eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwindawo yokuxhunywa komzila kwaye ikhawuleze into.

2. Izibhamu ze-electromagnetic izibhamu zixhaswa ngabantu. Ukufakelwa kwezibhamu kusekelwe kwimigaqo ye- electromagnetic induction. Kwikhoyili yeso sixhobo kukho ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwangoku, kubangelwa ukuba kusebenze indawo yendalo eguqukayo. Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaza kwinqanaba le-ferrite elisecaleni, ekupheleni kwaloo nto ijikelezayo. Ngenxa yempembelelo ye- magnetic flux ehlaba umjikelo, okwenzekayo okwenzekayo . Yakha insimu yamagnetic eneendlela ezichaseneyo kwindlela ehamba ngayo. Umjikelo wokuqhuba kunye nensimu yayo igxotha ukusuka kwintsimi ephilileyo yokumisa kwaye, ngokukhawuleza, ikhupha intonga ye-ferrite. Ijubane kunye nombane wokuphuma kwendandatho zixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwi-pulse yamanje.

3. Umbane we-electromagnetic Gauss umbane onamandla. Ebizwa emva kwe-mathematian-scientist uKarl Gauss, owenzela umnikelo omkhulu ekufundeni iipropati ze-electromagnetism. Into ephambili yompu waseGauss yi-solenoid. Inxeba kwi-tube yeeleyi (trunk). Into eyenziwa yi-ferromagnetic ifakwe kwisinye sophulo. Ngomzuzu xa kuvela umbane kagesi kwi-coil, insimu yamagnetic ivela kwi-solenoid, phantsi kwezenzo apho i-projectile ikhawuleza (ngokubhekiselele kwinqanaba le-solenoid). Ekupheleni kweepaliti zecala, ezijoliswe ngokulandelanayo kwizibonda zekhoyili, ngenxa yoko, emva kokudlula i-projectile phakathi kwendawo ye-solenoid, iqala ukutsala kwindlela echaseneyo (i-braked). Umzobo wesibane se-electromagnetic uboniswa kwisithombe.

Inzululwazi yanamhlanje iye yaqhuba inkqubela ephambili ekufundeni ukukhawuleza kunye nokuqokelela amandla, kunye nokubunjwa kweemvakalelo. Sinokucinga ukuba kwikamva elikufutshane, uluntu luya kubakho uhlobo olutsha lwezixhobo - iinqununu ze-electromagnetic. Ukuphuhlisa le teknoloji, umsebenzi omkhulu ufuneka kuzo zonke iinkalo zezixazululi ezininzi, kuquka iigobolondo kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla. Inxaxheba ebaluleke kakhulu iya kudlalwa ngamashishini amatsha. Ukuphunyezwa kwiprojekthi enjalo, iimithombo ezinamandla kunye ezihambelanayo zamandla kagesi ziya kufuneka. Kwaye kunye nama-superconductors aphezulu. Ngenxa yokuba kungekudala umsebenzi kaN. Tesla uthandwa kakhulu, kunokucingelwa ukuba ubu bugcisa buya kudibaniswa. Kule meko, siza kubona izibhamu ze-electromagnetic ngaphandle kwemithombo yamandla, kuba iya kuza ngqo emoyeni.