Iyintoni intlazana ye-musk? Iimpawu zendalo

Iimbuzi ze-Musk ziphela zameli abameli beli lizwe elifanayo kwihlabathi. Ubengowentsapho yezilwanyana zasePolaroid. Iokhokho ezikude zalezi zidalwa zazihlala ekupheleni kwexesha leMiocene, ehlala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ze-Asia ephakathi zanamhlanje. Masithethe ngezilwanyana ezimangalisayo ngokucacileyo kwaye sifumane oko i-musk inkomo idla khona, apho ihlala khona, indlela ibukeka ngayo kwaye kutheni yayibizwa ngokuba yinkomo ye-musk.

Kwimvelaphi yobomi ...

Okhokho basendulo beenkomo ze-musk babekho ekupheleni kweMiocene. Iindawo ezithandayo zeendawo zabo zendawo zazinjalo kwiintaba ezisemgangathweni ye-Asia ephakathi yangoku. Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-paleontologists ayinomdla kwizinto ezixhamlayo kwiinkomo ze-musk kunye nokuthunjwa, kodwa ngokukhawuleza zisasazeka kwiindawo ezingachangekanga.

Yonke into iyinto elula. Kwiminyaka eyi-3.5 yezigidi edlulileyo imozulu kwiplanethi yethu yaqala ukutshintshwa: kubanda. Ngokukodwa baziva bezinzulu kwiintaba eziphakamileyo. Oku kwabangela ukuba ookhokho beenkomo ze-musk zanamhla zihlahla kwi-Himalaya kwaye zizalwe kulo lonke elaseSiberia langasenyakatho ye-Eurasia. Oku siza kuthetha ngeenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Xa kufika i-Illinois glaciation, ezi zidalwa ezinkulu zazingena eNyakatho Melika, ngelixa ziwela i-Bering Isthmus. Emva koko bahlala lonke iGreenland. Yintoni i-musk inkomo idla namhlanje kwaye yintoni ayidla ngelo xesha? Nakhu kuthethwe ukuba ekupheleni kwePleistocene ukunciphisa okubukhali kwinani le zi lwanyana zaqala. Ngaba ucinga ukuba oku kungenxa yokungabikho kokutya? Hayi! Oku kubangelwa ngqo ukufudumala kwehlabathi. Qaphela ukuba i-musk yeenkomo kunye ne- reindeer yizona zilwanyana ezilwanyana ezilumkileyo ezihlala e-Arctic, ezinokuphila kwixesha le-Pleistocene.

Ngoko, ngoku sifikelele ngokufanelekileyo kwimpilo yanamhlanje yala madoda angamaqhawe. Makhe sibone ukuba i-musk inkomo idla, njani ibukeka kwaye ihlala phi.

Bajonga njani?

Imbonakalo yabo yonke yayilungelelaniswe ubomi kwiimeko ezibukhali. Namhlanje zifumaneka kuphela kwizinto ezincinci kwi-Arctic. Ezi ziqhwala ezimnyama zihlanganiswe ngokugqithiseleyo kunye neenyawo ezininzi. Ngaphantsi kolunye uhlangothi, ithambile kwaye iluhlaza. Ikhusela ngokupheleleyo isilwanyana kwiqanda. Siyabulela kuye ukuba i-musk zeenkomo ayifaki kubomvu kwiindawo ezikumantla zomhlaba wethu.

Iimbuzi ze-musk zineentonga ezinkulu kunye ezijikeleziweyo, ezenzelwe ukuhamba lula ngekhephu. Ngeminyango yabo banomkhonto-sityalo esikuloo ndawo yamagxa kwaye sidlula kwindawo emfutshane emva. Intloko inkulu kwaye ixhomekeke. Libukhali kwaye lijikeleze iimpondo kunye nesiseko esikhulu. Amadoda oophondo, okwenene, awona maninzi kwaye anamandla kunabesifazane.

Bahlala phi?

Ngaba unomdla ukwazi ukuba yintoni i-musk inkabi? Yiba nomonde, kungekudala uzakufumana! Ngoko, ezi zilwanyana zizilwanyana ezinkulu. Ukuphakama kwabo kwi-withers kuya kuma-1.5 kuya kwe-2 mitha! Zihlalaphi na iziphona? Njengoko sele sibonile, ekuqaleni bahlala e-Central Asia, kodwa emva kokushiya entshonalanga ukuya eNgilani naseFransi nakumaMpuma-ukuya eSiberia.

Eurasia ngexesha langoku awuyi kudibana nabo, kuba sele bephela bephela. Ukugqitywa phantse ngokupheleleyo, baseMerika: abazingeli be-Eskimo, kunye nabathengisi beebhokhwe, banamathele isandla kubo. Ngoku kutshanje, izilwanyana ezihlala kwiArctic ngamanani amaninzi, kodwa ngoku zimbalwa kakhulu.

Kuphi enye i-musk enkomo?

Ngowe-1936 baziswa kwisiqithi saseNanivak, kwaye ngo-1969 - baya kwisiqithi saseNelson, esiseLwandle lwaseBering, nakwindawo yokugcina enyakatho-mpuma ye-Alaska. Yilapho iinkomo ze-musk zihlala khona namhlanje: malunga nama-800 abantu abanyathelisa umhlaba wase-Alaska, malunga nama-3 000 ahlala kumpuma-mpuma waseGreenland kunye nama-14,000 e-Eastern Greenland. Ukongeza, izilwanyana ezili-1500 zihlala eCanada kwaye malunga ne-200 zihlala eSpitsbergen.

Iyintoni intlazana ye-musk?

E-Arctic, njengoko kwaziwa, akukho nto inokuyifumana. Kodwa iinkabi ze-musk, njengezo zonke iinkomo, ziyi-herbivores. Ngokwendlela yokutya kwabo - ezi okanye ezo zityalo, umzekelo, zinyuka okanye zinyuka. Ngexesha lokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ezi zidalwa zazikwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo kwimimandla enzima kunye neyona mininzi yefowder ye-tundra. Ihlobo liphela kuphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa, ngoko isabelo seengonyama se-polorohie sayo esidla ubomi sichitha ukutya izityalo ezomileyo phantsi kwekhephu. Yiloo nto i-musk inkomo idla!

Kwi-tundra ungayifumana imifuno, ukuba uzame. Yiyo leyo inkunzi yeenkomo ze-musk: bayabamba ngokukhawuleza ikhephu ekukhangela i-rhizomes kunye neziqu. Kwaye ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ixesha lokusebenza kwabo (isiqhelo sokuvelisa) ngexesha elikhethiweyo, bazama ukutyelela inhlabathi yendalo ye-solonetz ukuze bafumane zonke izinto eziyimfuneko kunye nezinto ezincinci.

Kutheni bebizwa ngokuba yi-musk zeenkomo?

Okwangoku, igama elithi "musk inkomo" alisoloko lisetyenziselwa kwiinkomo ze-musk, kodwa xa zibizwa nje. Kutheni bebanjwe igama lomnxeba? Izazinzulu-izazi-mlando zithetha ukuba umhambi waseFransi wangekhulu le-18 wabiza ngoko. Akazange asithi naziphi na izizathu ukuba imfuyo ye-musk iyakwazi ukufihla into ephosakeleyo, leyo eyayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-perfume.

Njengoko siyazi, imimoya e-XVIII-XIX iikholeji yenziwa ngamafutha ahlukeneyo kwaye, eqinisweni, ivela kwi-musk. Emva koko wakhishwa kwiingcambu ze-musk ezifihlakeleyo, kodwa oku kwabonakala ngathi yintsimi. Iimbali zikholelwa ukuba wayefuna ukufumana imali yokuhamba kwakhe, ngoko waqamba amanga kuwo wonke umntu.