I-2-leaved (Platanthera Bifolia). I-Lyubka i-leaf-leaf-night-violet

I-leaf leaf (igama lesiLatini elithi Platanthera bifolia) luhlobo lwezilwanyana ezinobuncwane obungapheliyo zityalo ezinobomi beLyuba kwintsapho yama-Orchidaceae. Igama lesibini li-night violet.

Isihloko

Igama lezesayensi lolu hlobo luvela kumazwi aseGrike "ububanzi" (platis) kunye ne "pollen bag" (antera). Kuchazwa yindlela ekhethekileyo ye-anther kubameli beli ntlobo. Epithet bifolia ivela kwisiLatini kwaye iqukethe amagama amabini - "amabini" (bi) kunye "neqabunga" (folius). Kucaciswa ngamagqabi amabini amakhulu ephawulekayo kwesi sityalo kwisiseko se-trunk. Igama lesiRashiya lale ntlobo, "uLyubka", linxulumene nezithethe zamandulo ukuba izimpembelelo zezi zityalo (ezithetha ukuba i-Lyubka ephindwe kabini ngamacwecwe) aneempawu ezikhethekileyo zemilingo. Kwezi zinto, ukuthanda izithandani kunye nokuthanda amalungiselelo .

Ukusasazwa

I-Lyubka i-leaf-leaf (i-violet yobusuku) isasazeka kwintsimi eninzi e-Eurasia, kwindawo yayo epholileyo. Lwenzeka e-Asia Minor naseNtshona Yurophu. ERashiya I-Lubka iqela eliphindwe kabini likhula kwinxalenye yaseYurophu, kwiCaucasus nasezantsi eSiberia. Ikhula emahlathini ahlambulukileyo, ama-coniferous kunye namaxube, ngokukodwa kwiintambo, ama-glades, kwiintlobo zeengqithi, ngamanye amaxesha kwiindawo zokutya. Inokufumaneka kwiindawo ezincinci kwiAltai, eCaucasus, ezintabeni ze-Sayan. Ubungakanani bemvelo yolu hlobo luluninzi. I-Lyubka iqabunga eliphindwe kabini lingahambelani ngokupheleleyo nomswakama womhlaba, likhula kokubili ngokuxutywa ngokweqile (kwanokukhupha okungapheliyo), nakumhlaba owomileyo. Akunakunzima kakhulu kwi-asidi kunye nobutyebi bomhlaba, nangona ixhaphake kwihlabathi elumkileyo. Unokunyamezela umthunzi obalulekileyo, nangona ukhetha izindawo ezikhanyayo, kuba ilapha ikhula kakuhle kwaye ivelise.

Inkcazelo

I-Lyubka iqabunga eliphindwe kabini (isithunzi sinikezelwe kwinqaku) yintlobo yesityalo esingahlaliyo, ubude bayo buyi-20-50 centimeters, kunye neengcambu ezimbini ze-tuber. Kukho ama-specimens ukuya kuma-60 centimeters high. Kunyaka ngamnye, i-tuber yokutshintsha ikhula. Amaqabunga engcambu yesityalo (amabini, anqabile kathathu okanye enye) atholakala kwisiqendu esingaphambene naso, kwisiseko esincinci ukuya kwisitshixo, esidlulela kwisisu. Ubume beqabunga li-obtuse oblong-obovate. Iifama zifikelela ubude beesentimitha ezingama-22, ububanzi - 6 ububanzi. Umbala uluhlaza-obomvu, obumhlophe. Amaqabunga amaqabunga anesithathu ukuya kwelinye, encinci, i-lanceolate, sessile.

UVulet ebusuku: Umbala

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwesi sityalo kuyindlebe engaqhelekanga yefayili ye-cylindrical. Ifikelela kumitha angama-20 ubude, iqulethe iintyatyambo ezincinci (ze-8-40). Inentyantyambo inomsindo onqabileyo kakhulu (ngokukodwa ebusuku okanye kwimozulu yezulu), i-perianth imhlophe, i-greenishish iphela, i-corolla-like, elula. Zonke iiphetshana ezintandathu zihluke ngobukhulu kunye nomlo. Inkulu kunazo zonke zenza umlomo onobucebe obuncinane, obunqambileyo okanye obunqamlekileyo, obhekise ekugqibeleni, ngokugqithiseleyo ukuya phezulu okanye ngokuthe ngqo. Ubude bayo abugqithisi ezintathu ububanzi. Umlomo ngokwawo ulula, u-12 mm ubude, kwisiseko ngaphandle kwama-tubercles. Amagqabi amathathu e-perianth asondelene kunye, ayenzela isigqoko, kunye nezinye ezimbini zikhululekile. I-stamen kwi ntyatyambo yodwa, i-pollen yayo kwi-anther ihlangene ndawonye kwisitya esibizwa ngokuba yi-pollinium. I-Pestle - enehlazo esinezithathu kunye ne-ovary esezantsi. Iibhulozi iLyubka i-leaf-leaf in June-Julayi. I-pollinated by insects. Ama-Agesi ngoJulayi-Agasti. Isiqhamo sesityalo siyibhokisi evuliwe ngamathandathu angama-longitudinal slits. Imbewu yincinci kakhulu, i-pulverized.

Iingcebiso Zokunakekela

Beka esi sityalo kufuneka kukhethwe umthunzi ukukhusela ilanga elivuthayo. Ehlabathini, akunakulungeleki, ikhula emhlabathini ohluphekileyo nakwintsimi ekhuliswe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, isichumiso asiyi kuba yinto engabonakaliyo, ngoko, ukuchumisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kukukhuthaza ukuchuma kunye nokuphucula okungcono. Ngethuba lokushisa okukhulu kufuna ukutyiliswa okongeziweyo. I-Lyubka iqabunga eliphindwe kabini libekezelela ubusika kwaye aliyidingi indawo yokuhlala.

Ukuzaliswa

Esi sityalo sanda ngokuphela kwembewu. Esinye isiqhamo sineembewu ezingaphezu kwamawaka angama-20. Kwisityalo esinye, ngokuqhelekileyo, ukufikelela ku-11 izithelo zivuthwe. Imbewu ehlumayo kuphela phambi kwesikhunta. Ngethuba leminyaka yokuqala okanye emine yokuqala ihlumela likhokelela kuphela kwindlela yokuphila phantsi komhlaba, kwaye ngowesithathu okanye wesihlanu kuphela iqela lokuqala libonakala emhlabeni. Ubumhlophe obumhlophe bubusuku bune-11 emva kokuhluma, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke unyaka wesithandathu. Esi sityalo sinokuqhakaza iminyaka emihlanu ukuya ezintandathu ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa, kodwa emva kweentyantyambo ezininzi, ikhefu elifutshane lenzeke. Ngokomyinge, isityalo siphila iminyaka engama-20-27, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo kunokuthatha ixesha elide. Iifama zeentyatyambo zibeka iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuba ziqhume. I-pollination ivame ukuqhutyelwa ngama- butterflies asebusuku (i-sconces kunye ne-scoops), emva koko i-perianth iphela. Ukuvuthwa kwembewu kwenzeka enye nesiqingatha kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokuvumba. Ngenxa yokuba imbewu imncinci kwaye ilula, ukusasazeka kwenzeka nangokuhamba kancinci kwemimandla yomoya. I-Lyubka iqabunga eliphindwe kabini liyi-plant ephawulekayo yokutyebisa ngeqholi elinamandla. Kufuneka kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi beentyatyambo. Nangona kunjalo, akulula ukuzala. Ngokusemthethweni, i-violet yasebusuku yityalo ekhusekileyo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo akunakwenzeka ukuyihlela. Iintyatyambo zithengiswa ngobuninzi ukuze zenze izimbali, kwaye oku kubangela ukunciphisa ububanzi balo.

Ixabiso leMithi yeefizi ezimbini

Iimvumba eziphambili ze-violets zasebusuku zinemithi yokwelapha. Ziye zacinywa ngokukhawuleza emva kokugquma okanye ekupheleni. Kuphela kukhethwe i-young, jicy and fleshy kuphela. Iibhubesi zihlala zibhaptizwa ngamanzi abilayo ezimbini ukuya kwemizuzu emithathu (ukwenzela ukuba zingabi zihlume), kwaye zome ngomthunzi. Isiphumo sibizwa ngokuba yi-sap. Sekude kusetyenziswe ekulungiseleleni amayeza okwehliswayo kunye nokubuyisela amanyathelo. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwakheka kweso slele kukukwazi ukwandisa umsebenzi wesondo. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, amakhulu amarephepheni kunyango yokungaphumeleli aphuhliswe ngoncedo lwamaLyubka aphindwe kabini. Nangona kunjalo, isiseko esingenanto esiluhlaza semveliso yesityalo asivumeli ukudala inkqubo eyodwa yokuthenjwa kwezi zityalo. I-Salep inefuthe elino-antitoxic nelikhuphayo, ngoko libekwe ngenjongo yokutshatyalaliswa ngetyhefu ngezinye izifo ezenza izifo zesisu, kunye nezilonda zamathumbu zesisu kunye ne-duodenum, ezine-gastritis ezingapheliyo, i-colitis kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo zamathumbu kubantwana. Ukongeza, banokumisela i-bronchitis engapheliyo.

Amayeza

Ngamachiza omntu, iLyubka iqabunga eliphindwe kabini lisetyenziselwa i-diuretic, kunye ne-fever kunye neenyopho. Kwakhona, esi sityalo sithathwa njengesixhobo esihle sokwandisa amandla abantu, ukuphelelwa ngumzimba okhuseleyo, kunye nabantu abadala. Ukongeza, i-salesp isinconywa njengesondlo ngewayini okanye iidiza zewayini. Iyeza zamasiko zisebenzisa i-lyubku ekwenzeni unyango lwezesondo kunye nezifo zesibhinqa. Ubuncwane obuvela kuma-tubers omama kusetyenziswa njengendlela yokukhulelwa ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, izigulane zaseRashiya zithi ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide le ndlela kungabangela ukungabikho kwabasetyhini. Abagulisi baseTibet basebenzisa ukunyusa amandla omzimba.