IVuvius volcano

Kwintsimi yanamhlanje yelizwekazi laseYurophu kukho iintaba ezintathu zokuphefumula umlilo: i- volcano yeSicilian, Etna, iStromboli kunye neVesuvius. Le ndlela yokugqibela isekhilomitha ezili-15 ukusuka kwisixeko saseItaly eNaples. Le ntaba inxalenye ebalulekileyo yebhanti yeselula yaseMedithera, eqala eYurophu ize iphele e-Indonesia. Ukuphakama kwayo ngokupheleleyo malunga newaka elinamakhulu amabini anamanci asixhenxe anesithandathu, ububanzi bekrakra buyimitha engamakhulu amathathu, ububanzi buba ngamamitha angamakhulu mathandathu. I-volcano iVesuvius ifihla amagumbi amabili e-magmatic phantsi. Ookuqala u-3 km, ubuncinci - kwi-10-15 km. Ujonge kwi-volcano kwindalo yeentaka, ubona ezintathu iziqwenga: yokuqala iyintaba ebizwa ngokuba yiSomma, yesibini ikhona ngaphakathi kwayo, kwaye yesithathu ingezantsi kwembombo. Okukugqibela kubonakala kungabonakali emva kokuqhuma.

Imbali eyityebi yentaba-mlilo izele iinyikima ezinamandla ahlukeneyo. Ngomnyaka we-1660 BC, ukuqhuma kweAvellin odumile kwaholela ekutshintshisweni kwemozulu kwiplanethi yethu. Ngomnyaka wamashumi mathandathu anesibili we-AD. Ukususela kwindyikima yathintela kakhulu i-Herculaneum, i-Pompeii kunye nezinye izixeko ezazisendaweni yeVesuvius. Amaninzi amaninzi awazange abuyiselwe ekupheleni kwaye ekugqibeleni wabhubha ngexesha lokukhuphuka kwe-70 yonyaka ka-AD. Ubungqina beli ntlekele nguPliny Omncinci, owathi wachaza ngentlekele eencwadi ezimbini ezaziwayo eKornelia Tacitus, ngenxa yokuba le mpuphu ithathwa njengento yokuqala kwimbali yeVesuvius.

Emva kweminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe anesithoba kwi-AD. Izixeko ezinyaweni ze-volcano zazifana nomhlaba. Abemi beendawo ezonakalisiweyo bashiya ezo ndawo zingathembekiyo. Kamva, abantu baqala ukubuyela ezweni elivundileyo elijikeleze i-volcano. Nangona kunjalo, le nto yayiyiphutha elibi lokufa: iVesuvius ayizange ime kwaye yaqhubeka iqhuma. Ngomnyaka wamashumi anesithandathu anesithathu unyikima yokoyika ukuba i-ash ash volcanic ifike i-Istanbul ngokwayo, ekho ekulungwini elinesithathu emakhilomitha ukusuka kwiVesuvius. Eli xesha lilungu lendalo lithathile malunga namawaka amane abantu.

Emva koko, iVesuvius intaba-mlilo yaqhuma ngamandla ngo-1794, 1822, 1872 no-1906. Ukugqitywa kwe-lava yokugqibela kwenzeka ngonyaka ka-1924. Ngexesha lokuqhuma, i- Vesuvius intaba-mlilo yabangela ukulimala kwiidolophu ezinjalo zaseItali njengeMassa neSan Sebastiano.

Kwiminyaka elinesibhozo elinamakhulu asibhozo anamanci anesibini, izazinzulu zakha i-world's first observance volcanological, eyenzelwe ukugcina nokufunda iVesuvius. Ukukhutshwa kwegesi nganye kunye naluphi na ukuguqulwa kwe-volcano kugxininiswe ngamagunya amatsha, kwaye zikwajongwa kwi-satellite satellite ngomzuzu. Ngokutsho kweengcali, "iVesuvius yi-volcano elawulwa kakhulu emhlabeni".

Indlela eya kwindawo apho iVesuvius intaba-mlilo, inzima kwaye ide. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, i-crater isoloko ithatha ingqalelo kubahambi. Ukuququzelela ukunyuka kwintaba-mlilo, kugqitywe isigqibo sokukwakha i-cable-lift. Iminyaka emithandathu, iinkonzo zobugcisa zisebenze kanzima kule projekthi enzima. Ngowe-1880, i-funicular yakhiwa. Emva kowe-1944, wathatyathwa yi-chair lift ehlala iminyaka engamashumi amane. Ngamhla, ukwenzela ukunyuka kwi-crater kwaye ubone i-Vesuvius intaba-mlilo ngendawo emfutshane, kwanele ukuqhuba ngemoto, kwaye imitha eseleyo ayiyi kunzima ukunqoba ngenyawo kwiminithi embalwa.

Namhlanje, ukudala okumangalisayo kunye nokumangalisayo kwemvelo yenye yezona ziqhenketho ezivelele kakhulu zaseItaly. Kwaye kuphela ifu lomsiya ngaphezu kwemoya elikhumbuza ngamandla anesibindi neentliziyo ezingenazintlonelo ezithe zisezantsi kwi-volcano.