Amagama yeentaka yehlathi. Igama kunye neentlobo zeentaka. Birds Russia

iplanethi yethu umiwe iintaka ezininzi, ogama lakhe ngamanye amaxesha asithanga senze Ndikuvile. Zezi yonke; emahlathini, iintaba, amathafa, phezu mida kunye neelwandle, nkqu kumathafa abandayo. Ukwahluka eli qela izilwanyana ihlabathi kangangokuba enkulu, umzekelo, kuphela kummandla Russian Federation uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana nabameli abasuka iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-400, kuquka nje niqinile, kodwa iintaka ezifudukayo, iifoto kunye amagama ezo kulula ukufumana kwi atlasi.

passerine

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ngaphezulu kwama-50% yazo zonke iintlobo zeentaka bangamalungu passerine odolo, nto leyo bead incinane (6 g), kwaye inkulu - noRaven (1.5 kg). Kukho zenyathi ezine icula, polupevchie ukungxola (oozwilakhe) kunye shirokoklyuvye (boatbill). Imikhwa neentaka ukupeyinta, kubandakanywa iinkuni, nto zahlukahlukene kakhulu, kwaye iimvumi kunye namadoda ujonge onomtsalane. Zezona ngowokuqala ukufika kwindawo yokwakha abanyuliweyo, kunye ngomculo wayo ujonge intsimi ngoka nabasetyhini. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana starlings kunye jays, bayakwazi ukukhuphela amazwi zeentaka ezahlukeneyo yaye amanye amagama zentetho ethu. Ikuyo.

Ezinye passerines ngexesha izibawu yokwakha ubomi, kodwa ke iintlobo ezininzi ngababini. Indawo ukhetha into eyindoda, kunye zenyathi ezahlukeneyo khetha oku ezibuhlazarha, amasebe imithi, amatye, imingxuma emhlabeni, namatye njalo njalo. Veliswa kwenzeka entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni, nangona, umzekelo, crossbill Musani ukumoyika yengqele, Ukuba ukudla okwaneleyo (nespruce kunye nompleyini cone ), oko iintaka, nkqu ngoJanuwari.

Zonke passerines ngokuthi amantshontsho ukuba ezizalwa phantse wambu ngemipu ukukhanya, osisithulu, uyimfama, kodwa ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Bondlekile aselula ababhinqileyo, kunye abangamadoda. Kwiintsuku 10-15, sikhatshwe ngabazali zamatakane ukubhabha indlwane; eziphilayo indlwane emigodini, yenzeka kancinci emva - iintsuku 20-25.

Amagama neentaka kuba ngumhlaba passerine, usoloko ukuva: undlunkulu chickadee, oriole, ukuginya, starling, wagtail, oatmeal, njl ezinkulu uyakwazi ukwahlula unomyayi, jay, ukhadinali. Iyeza lokubulala, Fieldfare.

Bird iipaki, imiyezo, amadlelo kunye namasimi

Unit intaka passerine zihlala izitiya, ndenza nemiyezo umzi, bahlala emasimini basike. Abameli Forest nenkqantosi ngokuqhelekileyo ubukhulu encinane, ziintaka granivorous kunye insectivorous. It yimilonji ngemilenze ezimfutshane ukuba ngokugqibeleleyo apha ebomini emithini. Xa amasimi, amahlathi engumxube, parkland neegadi, uyakwazi ukulibona intaka, starling, rook, bullfinch, kweenkuku, ecula, magpie, lwentaka, jackdaw, kunye nabanye abameli ezininzi umyalelo. Amagama eentaka ezaziwa kuthi ukususela ebuntwaneni.

Iintsapho ezininzi ziye ngokuphawulekayo apha naphaya ukulungiselela iimeko indawo evulelekileyo apho kungekho mithi emide. Ezi ziquka Skylark, oatmeal, pheasant, nesakhwatsha kunye nabanye. Hamba babeziindleko kwamabala bekhangela iinyoka nezikrekrethi ezincinane, izikhova abazingeli, harriers, iinkozi emathafeni.

Zonke iintaka kwizikhewu ezikule zabo malilungiselelwe kokusingqongileyo. Ezinye zazo ehamba kakhulu kwi emhlabeni, kungekhona nje zikhangela ukutya, kodwa ukubaleka baphume utshaba, phantse ngaphandle esebenzisa amaphiko. Baye walahlekelwa ukukwazi ukubhabha, kodwa bona babe nemilenze obuluqilima ngeminwe ezimfutshane, okwenza ukuba ukudla aphilileyo, imba emhlabeni. Kweli qela fanele iintaka Galliformes (icula, pheasant, icula, kwiintaka Guinea, Kraksi), iinciniba kunye nabanye.

Imini nobusuku "sibhabhe" ezizingelayo luphawulwa ngamaphiko yamandla neenzipho ezibukhali eza kubanceda ukumzingela. Eli qela libandakanya lokhozi, oontloyiya abamnyama, lokhozi, izikhova, engcotyeni intsimi Cad, njalo-njalo.

iintaka emathafeni

emathafeni Russian Wasolula yonke indlela ukusuka kunxweme loLwandle Azov kunye noLwandle Black ukuya phambene Mountains, kwaye kulindelekile ukuba izithuba ezivulekileyo ezifana kumiwa yi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeentaka. Emathafeni kunye neentlobo zeentaka entlango, esinityela negama, kunyanzeleke ukuba silumke. indawo evulekileyo kuba sisityebi kakhulu kwimikhukhu, ngoko ngamanye amaxesha kuphela intshukumo ekhawulezileyo kwaye moya ungagcina intaka ngenxa yotshaba.

Ekubeni iintlobo emathafeni nenkqantosi ukusa kwiqashiso ingca ekhangela ukutya, imilenze yawo ngokwaneleyo ukulungiselela olu phuhliso. Ngaphandle partridges ukuba emathafeni iintaka :. Demoiselle, curlew ilitye, bustard encinane, nobudlelwano Lapwing, bustard, njl Ngobuchule obufihlwe ingca ngenxa "sifihle 'iintlanti umbala kwaye kulula ukufumana ukutya nakwimihlaba emathafeni echumayo. Izityalo kunye nezinambuzane - ukutya kutyiwa, kodwa ezintakeni iifoto ezidla amagama leyo inokufunyanwa nayiphi na incwadi, inyamakazi iinyoka, amasele nezikrekrethi, bezizininzi enkulu, yaye musa ukungazihoyi nenkqo. Ezinye iintlobo zeentaka khona iintaka ngqo emhlabeni, kunye ezinkulu ezizingelayo - phezu kwemithi ezinqabileyo kwezi ndawo.

iintaka intlango

Entlango, iintaka ezincinane, kuba musa benxaniwe. Engasezantsi Russia mmandla Astrakhan kunye Kalmykia empumalanga iindawo intlango iphuphumela kwizityalo nokufuma kuphela entwasahlobo. Bazive bekhululekile xa befuna iimeko iintaka ezifana iinkuku entlango, bustard, iprofayile, emathafeni ukhozi. Kwiindawo umda kufuphi yamanzi yokwakha pelicans, weentaka izidenge, amadada egrets.

Singasathethi inkulu ukundiza ntaka ehlabathini - zeenciniba Afrika, nto leyo ungahlaziya ngaphezulu kwe-150 kg. Evolution uthathe unonophelo kuwo, enikela intamo ende ukuba imboniselo eyiyo ngengingqi kunye nomlenze enamandla zokuqalisa fast kwaye betha iqela ngethuba ekulweni. iinciniba Live iintsapho ezininzi; ukutya izityalo, izinambuzane, amacikilishe, iimpuku, kodwa unako pick up izidumbu amarhamncwa isidlo. Indaba Funny ngayo ukuba iinciniba bangcwabe iintloko zabo esantini - nje a joke, kodwa iimazi ukuqanduselwa kwi emehlweni ingozi ngokoqobo atshabalalisa emhlabeni, ukuzama ukuba ezingabonakaliyo. Ngenxa yobushushu ehlotyeni iintaka eyintlango esebenzayo ebusuku, yaye ebusika - emva kwemini, xa ubushushu.

iintaka

Ihlathi Iintaka zakha iindlwane zazo imithi namatyholo, kwakunye emigodini. Amasebe kukuba kubo yokuhlala nje kuphela, kodwa indawo yemveliso yokutya. Ngoko ke imilenze kwiintlobo ezininzi zicwangciswe ngendlela yokuba kulula okumbophelela isebe. Ezi mpawu eziqhelekileyo ke imisila elide kunye amaphiko ebanzi asisifutshane ukuba ngokukhawuleza zikhululeni, isantya kwaye excreting odla wengcibi yokuluka, phakathi kweengqimba zamafu. Xa ihlathi iintaka ziquka uninzi passerine, kwagcwala, izikhova kunye kurinoobraznyh.

Ekunyukeni nkqo komboko zeentaka inzipho zazo zitsolile kunye egosogoso. Ezinye izihloko zeentaka ehlathini kweli qela luphawulwa ngendlela yeentshukumo (nuthatches). Ukuxhasa kunye nokulungelelana pikas nezinqolamthi basebenzisa nomsila, kunye chickadees, iintaka kunye nezinye Pichugov, ukufumana ukutya, ziya kunqunyanyiswa ukusuka amasebe ngezantsi. abaxhaphaza Wild zizingela Balekani, okanye ngokukhawuleza esiwa phantsi ixhoba labo.

Iintaka ezitya inyama yehlathi

Ezi mpawu uphawu emini nasebusuku amarhamncwa ehlathini zisuke ngomlomo elibukhali ulikhoboka kunye neenzipho elide ngemilenze olomeleleyo. Ukongeza, kufuneka umbono omhle kunye nokuva.

Amanye amagama eentaka Russian besive amarhamncwa ehlathini: nezikhova, nefubesi ngekhephu, isikhova, ubusi nesangxa, nesangxa, goshawk kunye nabanye.

Imvelaphi lamagama yeentaka

Amagama eentaka akabanyulanga kwi random: phantse bonke ibonakalisa ubukho naziphi na iimpawu ezizodwa kuqatshelwe ngabantu. Umzekelo, ngokuba ilizwi nesimbo sicula la amagama nengabangaba (nengabangaba), chizhu (chi-chi), titmouse (blue-Hsin), Rook (gra-gra), kunye hoopoe, ama, lapwings, kunye nezinye iintaka ezininzi.

Kuba neentsiba uphawu nentaka got igama Urals: Greenfinch, icula, redstart (jay), kwaye Pichugov njengoko flytrap, ubusi nesangxa kunye nutcracker bacebisa ngeendlela yokudla. Wagtail kwaye vertigolovku lula azakubalulwa yokuziphatha, kodwa indawo ezinye iintaka yokwakha ngokoqobo imali egameni labo; Kuginya, Sand uMartin imingxuma ngasechwebeni eziphakamileyo, kwaye iprofayile obufihlwe nezityalo ezixineneyo kwedike.

Easy ukuba ukukhumbula amagama iintaka abantwana ukuba zisikhumbuza izandi okhutshwa, umzekelo, xa ehamba, ngathi ezinjengookhwalimanzi. Uhamba kancane nomgxobhozo udaka, njenge "nurjanah" kakhulu phakamisa nemilenze emide, lwesigodi yesikhumba luyiguqule igama intaka "Chaplya" kwi Le nyoni. Okanye ukuba enxulumene, umzekelo, kunye nekhephu waya ukusuka imvelaphi igama bullfinch intaka.

Kodwa abazingeli bazi ukuba igama lakhe icula: xa tokuet, ngoko kanjalo ukuba ngokoqobo abazizithulu yaye abazange neva ngeemfazwe nangamarhe yingozi. Kodwa xa kunqumama, ejika yonke ingqalelo.

Ngexesha amagama zokuhlala kuthunyelwa iintaka ezifana lwentaka kunye yokuhluzana. zintaka Little endiza luyanyuka kwiinyanga ezininzi ebandayo, kubanda, ngoko ke kuthiwa kakuhle, nangona ngokwaneleyo singapheli. A robin, nto leyo edla luhlala emyezweni kufutshane ebantwini, ukucula sonorous lidibana kusasa nangokuhlwa isifingo.

bullfinch

imvelaphi Quirky kunye Russian igama le bullfinch intaka, kuba ifike akummandla wethu ngenxa yasebusika, kunye njengekhephu, kunye nokufika intwasahlobo ephaphazela emahlathini amnyama coniferous. Bullfinch bekusoloko ezinxulumene ne loNyaka oMtsha, ngoko ke umfanekiso krasnopuzogo amancinci wavatha izinto zemihla ngemihla, ukuhombisa amakhadi IKrismesi zezikhumbozo.

Iintaka usapho zili-yaye bahlala Imiqulu, rhoqo ubiza kwezinye impempe nganye. Ebusika kwenzeka nokuba kwiipaki mzi. Ukwandisa kunye kuqala ubushushu kumahlathi esiluhlaza kunye boreal naseAsiya, zaseCaucasus, i Carpathians. Sidla namaqunube, iimbewu, zinamaqhina bemithi.

zasemanzini

iintaka Amanzi, iifoto, yaye amagama adweliswe ngezantsi - ezi ntaka abakwaziyo abhabhe phezu kwamanzi. Abayi ziquka izityalo ezifumaneka kuphela imithombo ukutya. Ngenxa indlela ekhethekileyo yobomi kokuba luphawulwa iimpawu ezifanayo: iminwe okwedada, noboya bayo exineneyo neoli nobubovu secretory, iintsiba ethambisayo xa iqatyiwe.

Isihloko zasemanzini ngqo iiyunithi sisuka ummeli aqaqambe :. Anseriformes, Pelecaniformes, gagaroobraznye, ingabangaba, pingvinoobraznye njl ukutya intlanzi, isilwanyana, amasele, ulele, abathi bafumane ngokungena emanzini njengoko cormorants kunye diving okanye ekususeni kuphela intloko njengoko weentaka kunye amadada. Ingabangaba uyakwazi ilobe kubhabho, ezingena emanzini kuphela ngomlomo.

zasemanzini Russia

Zize kummandla Russian Federation zezi zasemanzini, iifoto kunye namagama uninzi apho abaziqhelileyo wonke. Nangona uninzi zifuduka Amadada :., amarhanisi, amadada, njl Ekupheleni kwehlobo iqala yokufuduka esebenzayo of neentaka zasemanzini xa ubusika iindawo. Hi ndlela leyi, amanye amalungu eli qela bachitha elininzi kunyaka kude elwandle, babuyele elunxwemeni kuphela ukuzala hatching (amanye amadada). Habitat zesini ingaqatshelwa Sakhalin, i Kuril Islands, ena, eCrimea kunye nezinye iindawo intabalala ezigcina amanzi.

neentaka zasemanzini Russian, abamagama nedada kanye eider amadada elide-ezinomsila, bahlala Yakutia kunye Chukotka kunxweme kwedike. Kunye iVolga indlwane: moorhen, pochard ebomvu-crested, Grebe enkulu crested, irhanisi ezingwevu, dada izidenge, coot.

intaka ebomvu

Xa iintlobo yeentaka siqaqambisa iintaka ebomvu, ogama lakhe ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, kwakunye neentsiba eliqaqambileyo. Ukuba imbumba zethu, crossbill kunye bullfinches ngokuyinxenye zipeyintwe kule umbala, flamingo, Tanagra, Virginian Cardinal, Southern Red Bishop, Inkonde - phantse ebomvu ngokupheleleyo. Uninzi lwezi ntaka zihlala emahlathini emvula engasezantsi of America, Hawaii kunye nezinye iziqithi, Australia nase-Afrika. Jonga passerine, ploceidae, phoenicopteriformes, Ciconiiformes kunye nezinye iintlobo.

ineempawu ezinika umdla yeentaka

iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentaka, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, ubungakanani umzimba ezahlukeneyo, imilo kumlomo, umbala usiba kunye yokuhlala. Zonke iimpawu nzima ukuchaza ngokufutshane isizathu sokuba bachukumise nje ezimbalwa. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo kumlomo of each yenzelwe ngendlela yokuba kube lula ukuvelisa ukutya kwabo. Ngenxa yoko, ukwahlukana yenzekile iintaka lithathelwe morphological ifomu ngomlomo zibe ngamaqela-14, phakathi leyo: izidla, abalobi, esidla, cutwater, mowers ukondla imbewu Conifers, umpe okanye iziqhamo, scavengers, kunye nezinye ezitya inyama.

Ngenxa yoko lokuqaphela, kwaqatshelwa ukuba ezinye iintaka zibe ayenengqiqo emangalisayo kunye nobuchule. Ngoko ke, ingabangaba neenkomo ukufumana saselwandle esineqokobhe okanye amandongomane, wamphakamisa emoyeni ize emva koko aphoswe emhlabeni ukuze ayichithe, uphindaphinde le nokuqhathwa izihlandlo eziliqela. A butorides ukutsala bait iintlanzi eliphosa nasemanzini ngohlobo amasebe okanye amagqabi. Izikhwenene, jays kunye ehlasela efanele yokufunda intetho yabantu, kunye Dyatlov emasondweni isebenzisa wand obhityileyo ukukhetha evulekileyo sibange kwixolo lomthi uzobe izinambuzane.

Indima kweentaka kwindalo nokuba umntu

Intsingiselo kweentaka kwindalo akunakwenzeka ukuba banciphise: ekunxityelelwana nalo kunye nezilwanyana, besakha ubudlelwane ezintsonkothileyo elungele zivunywa. Iintaka ukunceda zisasaza, yaye ezinye iintlobo zizityalo eneentyatyambo cross-sukube.

Birds ezizingelayo ukugcina kweempuku bazuze imali eseleyo. Abonga Pichugov izinambuzane, besidla imibungu kwindawo yeenkcubeko ezininzi Bagciniwe, kuquka imfuyo, nto leyo iluncedo kakhulu abantu. Ngako oko kwamkelwe zonke iintlobo imiqathango ngolondolozo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentaka, kwakunye ziyenziwa zolondolozo lwendalo.