Isifo: ethunyelwayo ngayo, iimpawu lokuqala, unyango, uthintelo

Yintoni umgada? Njani na kwesi sifo ndinaso? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo inokufumaneka ngezantsi. Siya kunixelela ukuba malunga ezibonisa sifo, uthintelo kunye nonyango yayo.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga nesifo

Yintoni infuriating (njengoko lesi sifo, makwazeke kubantu abaninzi)? Ngokutsho kweengcali, sisifo esosulelayo. Iarhente causative kuzo umgada Umgada yintsholongwane bobabo sodidi Lyssavirus kunye nosapho Rhabdoviridae.

Elinye igama sifo ekuthethwa iyalila "ngumgada." Ngaphambili, esi sifo kuthiwa angakwazi okanye ukrokrele.

Iarhente causative kuzo umgada - virus Umgada - igalelo kuphuhliso kobuchopho ezithile, oko kukuthi ukudumba ebuchotsheni ebantwini nasezilwanyaneni.

izifo ikakhulu legciwane

De 2005, oko kuthathwa sisifo esibulalayo ngabantu. ubungqina obuphathekayo yokuphilisa kwesi sifo emva kokuqala iimpawu ngelo xesha na. Namhlanje, i ezamahala ugonyo kumgada, wenza ngoko nangoko emva kokuba usulelo kunokwenzeka, kuthintela ukusasazeka ngakumbi le ntsholongwane.

Ngowe-2005 waba kwimeko yokuqala yebali unyango olupheleleyo umntu sesi sifo kwi nqanaba ngokubonakala iimpawu zayo. Ngoko ke, ngo-2012 indlela ugonyo babephiliswa 5 ka-37 zabantu.

Isifo: indlela idluliselwa ukuba abantu

Igama sifo umbuzo uvela elithi "idimoni". Oku kungenxa yokuba kumaxesha amandulo abantu babekholelwa ukuba unobangela wale sifo na othanda na isilwanyana okanye noomoya abakhohlakeleyo abantu. Hi ndlela leyi, igama yesiLatini zifo athi - «umgada» elinentsingiselo efanayo.

Ngoko ke yintoni umgada? Njani na kwesi sifo ndinaso? Iingcali ingxelo ukuba arhente causative le sifo sisasazwa kubantu nge ngamathe ngokuthi isilwanyana esinayo silume umntu isilwanyana egulayo. Okulandelayo, intsholongwane yaso isasazeka ngokuthi luvo yaye ifikelela kwamadlala amathe, iiseli zengqondo, kunye namaziko bulbar le Hippocampus. Hit nabo, ibangela iingxaki kakhulu.

Izifundo Scientific lubonise ukuba ntsholongwane okanye ukrokrele ifumaneka ematheni, yezilwanyana wahlaselwa ngumsindo ukuya iintsuku ezi-2 phambi kokuba bonisa naziphi na iimpawu zesi sifo. Noko ke, kwakukho amatyala apho zaziintsuku 9-14 phambi ukuvela kweempawu kwizilwanyana kuye sele yenzekile usulelo.

Ukulunywa silwanyana kakhulu eziyingozi

Ityala kuzo umgada emva kokuba umntu ethe walunywa umntu akukho rhoqo kakhulu. Kodwa ngaphandle ukubonisa naluphi uphawu izifo, qiniseka ukuba ukwenza ugonyo lokuthintela. Ngapha koko, yonke into ethe walunywa abantu ingozi yosulelo.

Bambalwa abantu bazi, kodwa ke ingozi ukulunywa ixhomekeke kwizinto ezithile, kuquka:

• indawo. Eyona esiyingozi ukulunywa entanyeni kunye nentloko. Ukusuka kwezi ndawo intsholongwane umgada nga ngokukhawuleza abeza kweli ingqondo, ngenxa yokuba ixesha layo bafukanywe kwaye isigaba sokuqala sifo phantse nangoko.
• Iimpawu ze unomntana. Xa kunjalo, xa abathwali zaso anilume umntu kummandla angenanto umzimba, ngoko ithuba bokufumana intsholongwane uphakame kakhulu unomntana ngokusebenzisa iimpahla. Ke kaloku, yokugqibela uyakwazi ukuqhuba le gciwane.
• iintlobo zezilwanyana. Eyona yingozi loo mntu ingqalelo ukulunywa kweengcuka.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukongeza izinja, ityhefu ingqalelo intsholongwane kunokwenzeka nangezinye iindlela. Umzekelo, aziwa amatyala yokosulela xa inja wawakhotha ulusu lomntu, ezibe amanxeba IiReggaeton imikrwelo.

Enye indlela ukutyhila ezinokosulela izilwanyana okanye abantu abaye babulawa ngumgada kunokwenzeka.

Uyakwazi na ukufumana umntu

Ukusuka yabantu ku ngumgada kudlulisela ezinqabileyo kakhulu. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa kukho kufanelekile yokuhlaselwa rage nomonde esempilweni, kwaphumela ekubeni amathe akhe ukhwela lolusu yokugqibela.

Kukwakho amathuba amancinci zokosuleleka xa ukurhogele ulwelo eziqulathe amasuntswana umgada ntsholongwane.

Nangona ukungaqondi eqhelekileyo, i-arhente causative zesi sifo umbuzo ukuya umntu ngokutya inyama ekrwada lezilwanyana bosulelekile.

Njani umgada

Iingcali bachonga izigaba ezithathu eziphambili kwesi sifo.

• Prodrome.

Loo ithuba idla iintsuku 1-3 kwaye kubonakala intloko ebuhlungu, ifiva, ukungabi namdla nokudinwa. Xa umntu neuralgia osulelekileyo kwenzeka ekuhambeni kwimithambo- akhiwe kufutshane site ezilumayo. Kwakhona kule ndawo kukho ukwanda nobuntununtunu nesikhumba twitching kancinane lwe ijwabu kwezihlunu.

• Step excitation.

Eli nqanaba ithatha malunga 5-7 iintsuku. Kubonisa ixesha yokuhlaselwa hyperarousal (lengqondo) kwaye sibonakaliswa ubuntununtunu ukwanda ngamandla ezingqondweni nokuba kancinane zizinto (umz, ukukhanya, izandi ezahlukeneyo, ingxolo, njalo njalo).

Izigulane udlame nochuku. Babonakala saka, ixhala, ingqondo, paresis, unditsho kunye ukushwabana kwezihlunu kwezihlunu. Ukongeza, isigaba excitation ihamba nefiva kwaye umzimba lobushushu ukuya kutsho kuma-40. Xa inkqubo yokuqulunqa isifo kwenzeka rhoqo ixesha ukuhlasela-free imfutshane kakhulu.

• Inyathelo ukukhubazeka.

Kweli nqanaba, zonke ezi mpawu zingasentla ezihlanganiswe iimpawu luvo cranial (kubandakanywa paresis yobuso luvo, diplopia, paresis imisipha yobuso). Kuyaqapheleka ukushwabana izihlunu iliso kunye nokusabela nokuginya aphulwe.

Izinkcwe kunye nenkqubo ligwinya kakuhle kukhokelela yimbonakalo amagwebu apha emlonyeni. Olu luphawu zonke izigulane ngumgada.

Kufuneka kwakhona uqaphele ukuba kwisiqingatha amatyala abantu abosulelekileyo kunye nezilwanyana babe ngumgada. Xa ulwelo ezisetyenziswa izigulane zifumana ucutheko ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ngesiquphe uvalo kunye nezinye izihlunu zemiphunga.

Ixesha sifo uchaphazelekayo iintsuku 50-55. Ngamanye amaxesha, eli thuba ukuze lincitshiswe ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukufa wesilwanyana okanye umntu kwenzeka ngenxa ukuphefumla zokumisa ngenxa yomonakalo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla.

unyango umgada abantu kunye nezilwanyana

"Nobivac Rabies" - isitofu sokugonya inactivated, nto leyo umbala ukuba ugonyo yezilwanyana enempilo umgada. A naliti enye kudala okukwazi esebenzayo iikati nezinja ukuba kombiwe ukuya emithathu iminyaka, nezimvu, namahashe, iibhokhwe kunye neegusha - ukuya kwiminyaka emibini, ngoxa minks, Iimpungutye zinemingxuma ferrets - ukuya kunyaka omnye.

Yandisa omzimba emva ulawulo lokugonya "Nobivac Umgada" ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngomhla 21th.

Njengokuba esondezela abantu, unyango ziwusasaze bachitha ngeeyunithi labagula kakhulu. Kwakhona ludlala indima ebalulekileyo aid kwixhoba kuqala. Ebilume umntu ngokuzitofela kwangaloo mini, xa waya eklinikhi.

lokugonya Modern lihlanjululwe (Kokai) yenza kube lula ukuba ziyakwehlisa ngokubonakalayo unyango kunye nokwehlisa imali nexesha elinye-idosi elawulwa.

Abantwana benza iinaliti zibe phezu engaphandle womlenze, kunye abafikisayo kunye nabantu abadala - apha esihlunwini deltoid.

Ifuthe yesisombululo ezilawulwa efikelela 98%. Kodwa ke kuphela kulo mzekelo, ukuba isitofu sele yenziwe zingadlulanga iiveki ezi-2 emva kokuba elunyiwe.

Prevention of umgada

Xa izinja ixhoba kufuneka ngoko nangoko ahlambe inxeba elo ngesepha namanzi, ngoko ngayo kunye iperoksayidi yehidrojeni kunye nokusebenzisa igumbi zonxunguphalo. Nge unyango kufuneka ukuba ulibele kugqirha. Eneneni, njengoko kucacisiwe apha ngentla, ugonyo lusebenza kuphela ukuba kwenziwe zingadlulanga iiveki ezimbini ukusukela kumhla yokwenzakala.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kucetyiswa ukuba ukubukela inja iintsuku ezili-10. Ugonyo bangaqhubeka ukuyeka kwimeko, ukuba akayi kufa inja ngeli xesha, yaye akazange avele eziphambili iimpawu zaso.