Inkqubo esulelayo: yintoni

inkqubo Infective - imiceli ezibandakanya amacandelo amaninzi ngenkqubo eliquka ukwenza izinto zonke izinto kunokwenzeka ezosulelayo kunye emzimbeni womntu. Yena phakathi kwezinye izinto luphawulwa kuphuhliso reactions ezintsonkothileyo, iintlobo yeenguqu izibilini zangaphakathi kunye neenkqubo omzimba, utshintsho ubume kwamadlala, kwakunye iintlobo ngumzimba iindlela zokhuselo kunye imiba ukuxhathisa (unspecific).

inkqubo esosulelayo - isiseko kuphuhliso nasiphi na isifo of an esosulelayo indalo. Emva isifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza ngezifo, izifo ezosulelayo uhlobo, ukwanda, zeeteksi yesithathu, kule meko, ulwazi umyalezo yabo ebaluleke kakhulu yezonyango.

Ukuze ngamagciwane izifo ezosulelayo ziquka Cya iintlobo zezilwanyana okanye yemifuno imvelaphi - fungi asezantsi, rickettsia, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, spirochetes, lenyama. arhente ezisulelayo - eziziiprayimari isizathu ndibopha leyo ekhokelela imbonakalo sifo. Kuyinto le arhente baze babone ukuba ingakanani na imeko ethile lwezidumbu, ibe yintoni ke kubonakaliswa lwezonyango. Kodwa kufuneka siqonde ukuba asizizo zonke kwii-"utshaba" arhente luya kukhokelela esi sifo. Kwimeko mechanism kwingcamango uya kulawula indlela umonakalo inkqubo esosulelayo lugqityiwe kwaye kukho impendulo zaneleyo iqapheleka kwamajoni omzimba, kwaze oko kwakhokelela arhente ezosulelayo iya kufakwa ngomatshini kwi kwifom engasebenziyo. Ithuba zolu tshintsho kuxhomekeke kuphela kwi imeko amajoni omzimba, kodwa kwakhona kwi iqondo virulence, phathogenicity, kwakunye invasiveness, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezininzi uphawu kwamagciwane.

Magciwane - kukuba nako kwabo eba nokuqalisa ekhawulezileyo sifo.

inkqubo eyosulelayo eyakhiwe kwizigaba ezininzi:

- ukuba boyise imiqobo zomzimba womntu (mechanical, imichiza, kokusingqongileyo);

- ukuqanda zabantu ezikhoyo amazwe kunye nearhente adhesion umzimba;

- ukuphinda-arhente eziyingozi;

- ukwakha kule reactions yokhuselo umzimba lineziphumo eziyingozi ye gciwane;

- ukubuyiselwa yokusingqongileyo lwangaphakathi umzimba womntu, kwakunye nokuba kufunyanwe sifo yabantu ngamagciwane.

Ngawo la amaxesha izifo ezosulelayo kakhulu udla abeke nawuphi na umntu emzimbeni ena "utshaba" arhente. izifo kusisi nayo umnyinyiva kwaye uye kuzo zonke ezi zigaba. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ixesha elalana yomenzeli emzimbeni phambi kokuba ukuvela kweempawu zesi sifo kuthiwa okuthatha.

Ulwazi zonke ezi ndlela kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko izifo ezosulelayo - enye ukwenzeka osetyenziswe kule planethi. Kule nkalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda yonke imisebenzi neenkqubo esosulelayo. Oku kuya ukuhlola kuphela sifo ekuhambeni kwexesha, kodwa kwakhona ukufumana kuye unyango amaqhinga ekunene.