Big Band (band Big) - yintoni yaye ziziphi bands enkulu?

Eli nqaku Eyokuba ezifana okhestra armada njenge band enkulu. Ngenxa uphawu iphambili iokhestra, ugubungela izimbo ezifana bebop, ujingi, nokumanyana. Kwakhona uya kufunda khona bands enkulu kunye namagama iinkokeli zabo.

Jazz Big Band. Yintoni na?

Inguqulelo yokoqobo ibinzana - iokhestra enkulu. Le yenye yezona zinto olwahlula okhestra wejazz, nto leyo zibandakanya izixhobo kuqamba ethile. Eyona ndima ephambili idlalwa iqela izixhobo umoya. Phakathi iimpawu ezithile webutho omkhulu kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku kulandelayo:

• Ukwahlukana amaqela negalelo, ezo zibizwa ngokuba "amacandelo".
• A ubuchule elikhethekileyo lomculo lokudlala: plexus improvisations soloists elungiselelwe isahlulelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweentlobo elikhethekileyo ihambisana okhestra (imvelaphi).
• Ukuxuba kocingo umahluko eliqaqambileyo, ukuba linxulunyaniswa ikholaji kunye nesandi miksazhnym.
• throbbing obungalinganiyo ngesingqi, amaxesha rhoqo kwi ugxininiso, nto leyo kubulawa into enzima kakhulu.

Inani leemvumi - kubantu ezilishumi ukuya amabini. Eyona band luqhelekileyo enkulu uyangena isixhobo equlathe: saxophones ezintlanu, amaxilongo ezine, trombones ezine isingqisho band (isiginkci, bass, ipiyano, imigqomo). Kuthathwa ukuba amaqela zilandelayo izixhobo:

• Icandelo Saxophone - oluBomvu.
• Icandelo Brass - Brass.
• Eli candelo isingqisho.
• icandelo ibhrasi - Woods.
• icandelo Umtya.

Nazi iimpawu iphambili yale orchestra njenge band enkulu. Swing, bebop, fusion - ezi iindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo wejazz, nto leyo eza kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Eyona uphawu bebop style jazz

Umahluko yale isimbo kwasekwa ekuqaleni nenani-40. isihloko lakhe ngqo - bop (bop). A livela eli gama sele (bop, bibap, ribap) ziye lisetyenziswa ngokuthe ukusetyenziswa. Bonke bephela ezinxulumene ngqo practice scat-ukucula unayo imvelaphi onomatopoeic. Elinye igama lakhe - Mintons isimbo. imvelaphi yazo, lo gama uthatha igama Harlem Club (Minton i-Playhouse). Kulo lebhola wabaseki iimvumi bebop. Le isimbo (bop) iye yavela njengendawo uvavanyo emva ujingi.

Imiba ephambili okuluphawu indlela bop:

• Lungiswa jazz endala ashushu.
• An improvisation solo elizimeleyo.
• I ezintsha entsimini somculo-ezichazayo uhlobo (isingqisho, uncuthu lwengoma, ukuthamba, imvisiswano, isantya, ubume kunye nabanye).

Swing - esebenzisa amazwi wejazz

In IsiNgesi (ujingi) na ujingi, ujingi. Le ujingi gama lisetyenziswa nangamehlo, njengendlela ekhululekile kwaye jazz njengohlobo.

Swing zombini novakalelo jazz kuthetha - ezithile pulsation uhlobo metroritmicheskoy kwakheka kwi makhwiniba isingqisho olungenasiphelo (njengoko enedodo ahamba) enamandla iqhekeza komhlaba-bit. Kule uqhagamshelo kukho yimvakalelo amandla enkulu wangaphakathi, apho zilingana ezingazinzanga. Oku kudala ifuthe uhlobo "gungqa" umsindo iziseko mass metric ezingazinzanga. Ukuze swing njengendlela yokuthetha iingxabano metroritmicheskie isici.

Swing njengohlobo jazz okhestra

Kubonakele ngexesha imi--20-30 ngenxa yokudibanisa iintlobo westernized okuloba of wejazz Negro imiyalelo umculo. Ekuqaleni, yena amelwe band elikhulu, kodwa kufutshane ekupheleni 30 umculo kule isimbo combo (ensembles egumbini). Ezi mpawu uphawu lohlobo:

• A uhlobo yama- nzi, ebangela unxulumano ngqo nge "gungqa".
• Indibaniselwano ekhethekileyo improvisation wedwa kunye somhlathi ukudlala buciko.
• Le imibala ukhwele yokuqala.
• Inxalenye ebalulekileyo ubume kunye nelungiselelo.

Hayi wonke umntu uyazi ukuba yintoni a band ujingi enkulu. Oku sisiphumo sophuhliso kunye nokwandiswa isimbo Chicago.

Faka fusion

In IsiNgesi Fusion ilizwi lithetha ngxubevange ingxubevange. Fusion - kwicala zobugcisa of modernity. Olu hlobo isimbo ukuvela 70s ngokusekelwe ijazz rock, kwakunye indibanisela izinto lwemveli non-Europe kunye nomculo weklasiki yaseYurophu.

Umculo style fusion, sigcine, kuba nendima ngokwendalo. Kudla ephucukileyo iimpawu metroritmicheskie kunye nexesha utyikityo. abaphulaphuli zaseYurophu, Japan kunye Umzantsi Melika na iifeni iingcali yokwenene yale uhlobo lomculo.
ERashiya, omnye beqonga yokuqala liqela "Arsenal" (owasekwa ngo-1973) kunye inxaxheba Alekseya Kozlova. Ngo-1974 i-albhamu kuqala babebizwa ukuba "ekulo wakhululwa phantsi kweliso Georgiya Garanyana. Jazz "jazz-fusion.

Yayinjani big band?

Inkqubo ukuvela bands ezinkulu udumo wabo bekungasoloko ngokulinganayo.
Umzekelo, McCarthy Gudmena Orchestra wayekuthanda ethandwa nemfuno ephezulu kuluntu, abaqapheli ukuba le band enkulu yavela ngoncedo kwezinye okhestra, pre-ezikhoyo. Le okhestra lusekelwe amava omkhulu kunye nenkxaso a band enkulu Fletcher Henderson. On ngendlela efanayo ludlule ziimvumi ezifana:

• Lowe Shou;
• Bob Crosby;
• Dzhimmi Dorsi;
• Harri Dzheyms.

Ekupheleni kwale 30 aba okhestra uthandwayo Glenn Miller. ngumdali baso trombonist oye kudala wafunda iziseko amalungiselelo. Wayewabhekisa ezininzi ezintsha. Omnye wabo - crystal ngoma.

Band Big Bala Basie yasekwa kwi 30 e Kansas City, ekugqibeleni kwasekwa kwisiXeko saseNew York. Basie, abacinga isithethe wejazz, wakwazi ukuphumeza ujingi ogqibeleleyo kunye nesandi enamandla. Le band waziva ngokucacileyo phambi kobuchule zesimbo, ezo uphawu a band enkulu. Phakathi kwawo ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku kulandelayo:

• ifomu Umbuzo-impendulo.
• Intsebenziswano amacandelo okhestra.
• Ukusetyenziswa riffs okhestra.

Duke Ellington Orchestra. INtloko libandakanya iitalente ezininzi: inkokheli band, umdlali piyano, umqambi, ngumzobi. Waba nako ukwenza umntu zesandi kudibanisa imiba ye okhestra weklasiki kwaye namacebo jazz yemveli.

Ngenxa yoko, big band inemisebenzi zayo iimpawu kunye neemvumi Ukwakhiwa echazwe kunye nezixhobo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo jazz: ujingi, bebop, nokumanyana. Inkqubo ukuvela bands ezinkulu udumo yabo ayifani ngaso. Amatutu ethandwa kakhulu big McCarthy Gudmena, Glenn Miller, Count Basie, Duke Ellington.