Inkcazo kunye nesishwankathelo se "Thomas Gordeev" M. Gorky

"UFoma Gordeev," isishwankathelo esifutshane, ukuhlalutya kunye nabadlali abaza kubakho kule nkcazo, - ingqungquthela apho akhuluma ngayo ngokukhukhula komkhuhlane, uchaza indlela athola ngayo amandla ngokuthe ngcembe. I-Mayakin, i-ideologist yakhe, ngaphandle kwesizathu ikholelwa ukuba ubomi buba lunomdla ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ibali lika-Alexei Maximovich alibonisi nje ukukhula kwebhunga laseRashiya. Ingcamango yakhe eyona nto yindlela efuneka ngayo ukulwa nomntu onempilo, onamandla, owayefuna umsebenzi ngamandla akhe kunye nendawo yakhe yamandla akhe.

UAnatoly Shchurov noYakov Mayakin

Umsebenzi kaGorky ubonisa igalari epheleleyo yemifanekiso yabantu, ebizwa ngokuba "ngabaphathi bokuphila." Oku, umzekelo, ngumthengisi omkhulu wemithi uShurov Anatoly Savvich. Lo mntu ungumvuni wehlabathi lorhwebo. UMayakin uthetha ngaye ngokuthi "utyholi omdala onobuqili." Nangona kunjalo, uYakobe uMayakin ngokwakhe akayikho into engacingi ngayo nayiphi na into. Abathengisi bamthiya "ngumntu wengqondo." UYakobi uyingcali yecandelo lorhwebi. Ufundisa "ifilosofi" yakhe ngu-godson Thomas. UYakov uthi ebudeni umrhwebi nguye wokuqala, ekubeni izigidi zikunye. Kungenxa yoko, uyaphawula, amagosa kunye nezicukuthazo kufuneka zithathele eceleni ukuze zinike amathuba kubarhwebi ukuze bakwazi ukutshala imali yabo enkulu kwaye basebenzise imikhosi yabo.

Ummeli weklasi lomthengisi, omdala kunye nomntu osendle, nguAnatoly Shchurov. Lo mntu uchasene nazo zonke iintlobo zezinto ezintsha, ngokuchasene noomatshini bokugcina ubomi. Uhlambalaza ngokucacileyo ukuba umntu ubulawa yinkululeko. Masiqaphele ukuba uYakov Mayakin naye ummeli weklasi yomthengisi omdala. Nangona kunjalo, unako ukulungelelanisa nezimo eziguqukileyo.

ITaras no-Afrika Smolin

I-Taras (unyana kaYakov), kunye no-Afrika Smolin (umkhwenyana) baqhubeka nomsebenzi wooyise. Nangona kunjalo, benza ngokunyanisekileyo, ngokucokisekileyo, banike umsebenzi wabo we-glossy europe. Aba bantu baqhubela ngamandla. Bazama ukuguqula imboni yasekhaya ngendlela yaseYurophu.

Ignat Gordeev

Nangona kunjalo, sele sele esesizukulwaneni esidala, sele sele ephakathi kwalabo abasungula urhulumente, kukho abantu abaye baqhankqalaza ngaphakathi ngokuchasene nemithetho engekho mthethweni yeli hlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, abazange bakwazi ukutshintsha ubudlelwane bezoqoqosho okwakunjalo ngexesha. Oku, umzekelo, ngu-Ignat Gordeyev. Ungumntu onobuqili kwaye onesipho ebantwini. U-Ignat unomdla wobomi, usebenza ngentshiseko yokungenakulungiswa. Emva kokuba wayekhonza njengomntu wamanzi, kodwa ngoku ucebile. U-Ignat Gordeyev ungumnikazi wee-barge ezili-12 kunye neentathu zokuhamba. Umbhali uthi ubomi bakhe abuzange buqhube ngendlela echanekileyo, njengabantu abaninzi abafana naye. Yena, ngokuvukela ngokuvukela, wazama ukuphuma kwi-rut, wazama ukuphuma kwintlawulo. Kodwa inzuzo yabathengisi yinjongo ephambili yobomi, njengoko uMaxim Gorky ubonisa.

Foma Gordeyev

Umxholo omfutshane apha ngezantsi uza kukuxelela ngokucacileyo kwiziganeko ebomini beli qhawe. Ngoku siza kuhlala kwilizwe lakhe langaphakathi. UTomas akafuni ukulandela indlela yemali-ukuxubha kunye nokuqokelela. Ngokwemvelo, eli qhawe lithandwa ngobuhle, akazi ukuba njani kwaye akafuni ukukhohlisa. Kuye, intolongo yihlabathi leentsebenziswano. UFoma uthi "uyazigubungela", ukuba umphefumlo wakhe uyabuhlungu. Lo nguye "umntu ophilileyo" olambile inkululeko ebomini. Uxineke kule nyaniso. UTomas uzama nzima ukushiya ihlabathi lemikhosi, kwaye umbhali ubona kule nkcazo yokungazinzi kweli xesha, ukuba lixesha lokutshintsha.

Eli qhawe alikwazi ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo isakhiwo sobomi. Akazi iindlela kunye nezindlela zokutshintsha. UFoma Gordeyev ude kubini nabantu kunye neentelligentsia eziphambili. Umxholo omfutshane oboniswe ngezantsi ubonisa ukuba akafumani ulwimi oluqhelekileyo kunye nolunye okanye omnye, nangona ekhulelwe kubo kwisitya. UGordeyev ucinga kakhulu ngobomi, kodwa akanalo isifiso seencwadi kunye nolwazi. UFoma uloyikwa ngumbutho wabantu abafundayo nabalumkileyo. Akayivanga isidingo sokuba nabahlobo. Ihlabathi lepropati, elichithwe yiqhawe, indlela yokuphila yoburhwebi yashiya uphawu kumphefumlo wakhe. UTomas wafunda kungekudala ukuba yiyiphi inceba yokulahla umntu olambileyo umntu obondle kakuhle. Eli qhawe ekupheleni kwebali lihlaziswa kwaye liyanqotshwa. Ihlabathi laseMayak linqoba ngoluvukeli.

Nangona kunjalo, oku kukukunqoba umntu onobungozi kunye nobuthathaka, kwaye engekho ngaphezu komfundi. Yonke into engabonakaliyo yendawo yokukhanya kunye ne-shchurovs ibonakaliswe nguMnu Gorky ("Foma Gordeev"). Umxholo omfutshane womsebenzi uya kukuqhelanisa nalo mbuso. Emva kokufunda ibali, mhlawumbi uqonda kangcono umlingisi oyintloko.

Isahluko sokuqala

Isishwankathelo se "Foma Gordeev" siqala ngengcaciso yokubonakala kunye nobomi bukaIgnat Gordeev. Unethamsanqa, unengqiqo nomhle. Ungomnye walabo abaphumelele ukwenza i-fortune yesigidi kwi-Volga. Le ndoda sele sele ineminyaka engama-40 yayingumnikazi weebhanji ezili-12 kunye nezithuthi ezintathu. Wayebhekwa njengomntu osisilumko nesityebi. Nangona kunjalo, wanikwa igama lesidlaliso esithi "Shali", ngenxa yokuba ubomi bakhe bungazange bulinganiswe, kodwa lonke ixesha liqhutywe kwiingxabano. Ignat Gordeyev amaphupha endodana yakhe. Yaye iphupha lakhe lizaliseka - umfazi wesibini ekugqibeleni wamnika inkwenkwana. Ngelishwa, ibhinqa lifa ngokubeletha. U-Ignat, ehlelile umngcwabo womfazi wakhe waza wabhaptiza unyana wakhe uTomas, umnika intliziyo ekhanyelayo ukuba akhuliswe kwintsapho yaseMayakin, u-godfather. Umlobi uthi ukufa komfazi wakhe kwongezele ezininzi iinwele zegrey kwiendvuba zakhe, kodwa ngobumnandi bamehlo ka-Ignat avela into entsha - ethandekayo kwaye ithambileyo.

Isahluko 2

Siya kwesahluko sesibini, sichaza isishwankathelo se "Foma Gordeev." Ichazela ngendlu apho uYakov Mayakin ahlala khona. Inkulu kakhulu, ibali ezimbini. Le ndlu ijikelezwe yimithi yamakhadi adala. Intsapho yaseMayakin iquka uYakobi, intombi yakhe nomfazi wakhe, kunye nezihlobo ezinhlanu. Ukongezelela, unonyana, iTaras, kodwa uMayakin wamphika, kuba wenza ngokuthandana kwakhe ngokutshata nentombazana ethile eMoscow. Ngomsebenzi uYakov Mayakin ungumrhwebi. Unayo i-factory factory, kwaye uphethe ibhentshi kufuphi ne-pier. Iminyaka emithandathu ubudala wayehlala kwintsapho kaYakov Foma Gordeev. Umxholo omfutshane awuvumelekanga ukuba sihlale ebomini bakhe apha. Masithi nje eli xesha, ngokuqhelekileyo, alibi.

UFoma wayebudala kwiminyaka yakhe, bobabini ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Emva kwexesha, u-Ignat wathatha unyana wakhe ekhaya. Edibene naye, uYakobi wamcela ukuba amshiye. Nangona kunjalo, uGordeev waphendula ngokuthi akazange abelethe uTomas. Emva kokubuyela ekhaya kuba iqhawe lethu laqala ukunyamekela u-Anfisa. UFoma uye walala ulala imihla ngemihla kwizandi zezwi lomfazi omdala. Le nkwenkwe yayineminyaka eyisibhozo ubudala, xa uyise wayetshelile ukuba kwakuyixesha lokuqalisa ukufunda. Emva kokufunda ebusika, u-Ignat wathembisa ukumthabatha entwasahlobo ngexesha lokuhamba. Ubawo wagcina isithembiso sakhe, kwaye entwasahlobo waya kwi "Ermak" kunye nendodana yakhe. U-Ignat wakhumbuza loo nkwenkwe ukuba bayingcali, kwaye oomkhumbi kufuneka baphathwe njengabakhonzi. Umntwana weva ukuhlekisana okunganelisekanga kwamalungu ekomiti ngoyise. Icala lomntu odibeneyo uchazwa ngumlobi ekupheleni kwesi sahluko. Abanqwelisi bashukumisa abafileyo emacaleni ukuze umntu omanzi angangeni kwivili. Le nkwenkwe iyethusa, kodwa uyise uyachaza ukuba kuyimfuneko. Abafileyo abamkhathaleli oko kuya kwenzeka kumzimba wakhe, kwaye i-steamer ayifuni iingxaki ezingenasidingo kunye nabasemagunyeni. Konke oku kubhaliweyo kwimemori yakhe nguTomas Gordeyev. Isishwankathelo sahluko siyaqhubeka kunye neziganeko zesahluko sesithathu.

Isahluko sesithathu

UTomas uza esikolweni. Lapha udibana noSmolin, owayengunyana womzalisi ocebileyo. Ukongezelela, ungumhlobo kunye nomntu ohluphekileyo uYehohov. UTomas kunye nabo uhlala ebuntwaneni - uqhuba amajuba aze athabathe ama-apula kwimiyezo. Xa ejika nge-19, uhamba ngohambo lwakhe lokuqala lokuzimela. Yefim nguyena mthetheli wenqanawa ehamba phambili. Lo ngumkhumbi owaziwayo uTomas uyazi kakuhle. Lo mntu umkhanyisela "kwimicimbi yabasetyhini," kwaye ukwazisa iPelagia. Ngeli xesha, u-Ignat uqala ukusela kakhulu kwi-boredom. Xa unyana wakhe ebuya ekubhukuda, sele sele embi kwaye emva kwexesha efile.

Isahluko sesine

U-Ignat wangcwatywa, ngokumhlonela kwakhe bahlela isidlo sakusikhumbuzo. UFoma udibana kwibhukimakhi yendlu ye-dossa kunye noSofya Medynskaya, ngubani ummema ukuba adle. IFome ayithandi umphakathi ohlangeneyo. Uthetha ngobomi kunye nabani na, kwaye ubonakala eqonda.

Isahluko Sesihlanu

Umntu oyintloko unemifanekiso emibili kaYakov. I-Mayakin inceda uTomas kwishishini, kodwa umfana ucinga ukuba ufuna ukutshata naye noLyuba. UYakov, efumene ukuba uTomas wachitha ixesha elininzi kwiinkampani zikaSophia, uyamxwayisa. Le nsizwa iyaziwa nguMedynskaya ngothando.

Ukudibana noShchurov no-Ukhtishchev

NgoMeyi wakha wathumela uFoma kuShurov Ananiya Savvich kwishishini. Lo mntu ungumrhwebi wemithi. Kukho amahlebezi ambi ngaye. Kuthiwa wayekhuselekile ekuhlambuleni kwakhe umgwebi owenzela imali eyimfesane , waza wambulala waza wamtshisa ekuhlambeni. Ukongezelela, waphila nabafazi bakhe ababini, waza wambetha umfazi kwindodana yakhe. Ngethuba le ntla nganiso, uShchurov uthetha kakubi ngo-Mayakin.

Emva koko uFoma uya kwiqela, apho ahlangana no-Ukhtishchev. Ufunda kuye ukuba uSofia uhamba ngomso kwilizwe elizweni lonke. Omnye (njengoko kwavela, umkhwenyana we-vice-rhu runeli) uyaphazamisa intetho kwaye ayiphenduli kakuhle eMedynskaya. UFoma uyambamba ngeenwele. Oku kuphakamisa umdla ku-Ukhtishchev.

Izihlwele zikaThomas Gordeyev

Emva kweentsuku ezi-3, uTomas uyabhoxisa kwi-pier. Inkosikazi yakhe ngu-Alexandra. UFoma ubhala malunga neentloni kwiphephandaba. UMayakin uyamgxeka, kodwa akakwazi ukuyeka. USasha wedwa unomdla kwaye unqabileyo phakathi kwezinto ezidakisayo. UTomas ukhangeka kwimfihlelo efihlwe kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, uvakalelwa kukuba akayithandi le ntombi.

USasha uxwayisa ukuba uFoma Gordeyev uya kulahleka ngokuqinisekileyo. Isishwankathelo (Isahluko 9 siqukumbela) siyaqhubeka kunye nenyaniso yokuba umlingisi oyintloko akakwazi ukufumana indawo yakhe ebomini. Uhamba nabafazi, ubahleka, kodwa akaphakamanga isandla sakhe kubo.

Kungekudala uFoma ufunda ukuba iMeakak ikhuphe i-rumor ukuba ingekho engqondweni yakhe kwaye ifuna ukugcinwa. Iqhawe lethu lidibanisene nalokhu kwaye laqhubeka likhwela. Ekugqibeleni kwakukho ummandla kwinqanawa. UFoma wayebukele abaphulaphuli ngenzondo kwaye wathi bathenjwa, bengabomi, babamba iintambo zamadoda. UGordeyev ukhumbule bonke abo babarhwebi bekhona ababebazi malunga nabo.

Iziganeko zokugqibela

Iminyaka emithathu idlulile, njengoko uGorky ephawula ("Foma Gordeev"). Isishwankathelo seziganeko zokugqibela zilandelayo. U-Mayakin wafa emva kokubuhlungu kabuhlungu, washiya unyana wakhe, intombi kunye no-Afanas Smolin, umkhwenyana wakhe, yonke inzuzo yakhe. UYehohov wabuyiselwa into ethile evela kwisixeko. Indlu yokurhweba ibonakala kwisixeko, uphawu olufundwa ngokuthi "iTaras Mayakin ne-Afrik Smolin". Akukho nto yavezwa ngoGordeev. Kwathethwa ukuba uMeyiak wamthumelela kwiintsapho zakhe nonina.

Xa evela kwisixeko. UTomas, phantse wayedliwe, ngamanye amaxesha utyhafile, ngoko uyamamatheka ngomsindo obuhlungu kunye nobuhlungu obusisiwe. Ngoku uhlala kwindawo yokwakhiwa kwintendelezo ka-godfather. Abantu basezidolophini nabathengisi badla ngokumhleka. I-Foma igweba abantu kwaye ayifumaneki kumnxebi.

Oku kugqiba isishwankathelo se "Foma Gordeev" (isithunzi sombhali sichazwe ngasentla). Qaphela ukuba sichaze kuphela iziganeko eziphambili. Leli bali lincinane, ngoko isishwankathelo "uThomas Gordeev", esichazwe ngentla, sinika ingcamango epheleleyo nje.