Indlela ibattery isimelabizo njengenxalenye kwintetho. Upelo kunye declination zezimelabizo. Indima izimelabizo in Russian

Isimelabizo - enye iindawo ezizimeleyo zentetho. Esi sikolo iprogram yokufunda zakhe isifundo ngaphezu kwesinye bangenakucikideka. Kweli nqaku, siza kufunda ukuba ibattery njani isimelabizo njengenxalenye kwintetho. Kodwa ke, ngaphambi koko, makhe sithethe kancinci malunga isimelabizo kwaye nokuchaza zalo ezisisiseko iimpawu zegrama, njengoko ngaphandle olu lwazi ukwenza akayi kuba kunokwenzeka uhlalutyo ngokupheleleyo.

Kwakhona, sizama ukwenza algorithm lokuvandlakanya yale yinxalenye intetho aze anike umzekelo ukuqonda ngcono nomba kwaye ziqine ulwazi lwakho. Kwakhona, oku kuphakamisa umbuzo ka indima syntactic of izimelabizo kwisivakalisi, yaye sinikela ingqalelo kangako imbambano ebalulekileyo efana upelo izimelabizo.

Overview

Isimelabizo - ingxenye elizimeleyo yokuthetha, leyo uphendula umbuzo othi "? Ngubani", "? Yintoni", "? Yintoni", "? Kabani", "? Indlela", "? Indlela", "? Xa", "? Uphi" Ngapha koko, le yinxalenye intetho ibhekisela izinto, iimpawu zabo, okanye inombolo, kodwa igama kubo. Izimelabizo iimpawu ezifana udidi, umntu, inombolo, isini, kunjalo.

Ngolwimi Russian indima kwezimelabizo kubalulekile kakhulu. Amagama ebhekisela kule nxalenye yale ntetho? Bona ziphakathi kakhulu ezisetyenziswayo. Banceda ukuthintela uphindaphindo, ngempumelelo ukubuyisela amagama kwisicatshulwa phezu izimelabizo, nika umbala ekhululekile (umzekelo, ngokubuyisela "Mna" ukuba "thina" kwiitekisi yenzululwazi, impoxo xa kubhekiselwa kubantu eziqhelekileyo kwi "wena," njalo njalo. D. ). Kwaye oku uluhlu olupheleleyo iimpawu zendlela kule nxalenye yokuthetha. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kwikharityhulam yesikolo kugxininisa ngokusetyenziswa kwezimelabizo zobuqu. nesilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukulungiselela lo msebenzi, apho umntwana ufunda imithetho jonga kubahlobo babo abadala. Umzekelo, iileta eziya omnye komnye kunye nootitshala kunye uthelekiso yabo ngokubhala, ubume yencoko kunye nezimelabizo "wena," yaye "kuwe."

etymology

Ngaphambi kokuba sithethe ngayo ukwenza njani isimelabizo njengenxalenye intetho, bathi amazwi ambalwa malunga nemvelaphi yayo. Izimelabizo ayaziwa Proto-Slavic ulwimi kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngokubanzi. Enyanisweni, le nxalenye yale ntetho kwabunjwa phambi kokwahlulwa ulwimi Proto-Slavic Russian. Ukuba yazi nge igrama zembali ngokwakho, kucacile ukuba zonke izimelabizo ineengcambu yamandulo, ezikhandelwa ixesha elide, kwaye ngeli nqanaba asifanele silindele ukuba wemvula kwenxenye amazwi isigama esitsha. Amagama izimelabizo phantse akayi batshintsha indlela yabo nesandi kangangeenkulungwane.

isigaba

Ukuba ufuna ukufunda ibattery njani isimelabizo, into yokuqala kufuneka bawuqhele iimpawu zayo okuchithwa. Ulwimi IsiRashiya 9 wayemana izimelabizo. Nganye value yayo.

• izimelabizo Personal ziveza ngqo abantu, izinto.
• Iimali nabo isimelabizo ejoliswe kumenzi "ngokwam", nesetyenziswa yokukhuphela ugqaliselo amanyathelo ngalo mbandela, nto leyo inyathelo efanayo yenze ze.
• esoqobo lubonisa ukuba into bobabo umntu othile okanye into.
• Nge izimelabizo zokwalatha ungakhankanya inani okanye ungene.
• izimelabizo Attributive kubonisa nomqondiso umntu okanye into.
• izimelabizo zogxininiso - la magama umbuzo ofanayo. Sebekhomba nje kuphela abantu kodwa izifundo okanye iimpawu zabo, inombolo.
• Kuba izimelabizo isihlobo ngokufanayo lo mbuzo, kodwa umsebenzi wazo ukuba bahlanganise amaqhekeza izivakalisi ezimbaxa.
• izimelabizo ezimbi zibonisa akukho phawu okanye into.
• izimelabizo Nanini abonisa izinto wabo okanye iimpawu zazo.

Ukuba ufuna ukwenza uhlalutyo izimelabizo njengoko izigaba zentetho, phambi kwalo kwinqaku etafileni mivo. Kungcono ukufunda njengokuba keepsake.

Person, inombolo kunye nesini

Xa kwezimelabizo ukwahlula enjalo njengoko ubuso. Kuphela emithathu: eyokuqala, eyesibini, neyesithathu. "Mna" libhekisela kuqala. Okwesibini - "ukuba", eyesithathu - "yena," "yena," "bona". Izimelabizo zahlulwe ebusweni, hayi nje kuphela kweli isinye, kodwa isininzi.

Ngoko ke, siya ikhululwe, yintoni uhlobo isimelabizo kwaye ziziphi iimpawu zayo esisigxina. Ngoku makhe sithethe ngayo imiqondiso non-abasisigxina. Oku kuquka inani izimelabizo. Abaninzi kubo kunokuba iifomu zombini isinye nesininzi. Kwakhona, abanye bazalelwe.

icala

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba zonke izimelabizo njengoko izibizo, izichazi kunye namanani zingatshintshwa amatyala. Declination zezimelabizo kuyafana izibizo. Xa kunjalo, ukuba ngaba ukutshintshwa kwezinye izigaba zentetho, izimelabizo nga kwayama imibuzo yale nxalenye yokuthetha. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba isimelabizo ejoliswe kumenzi akukho uhlobo kwimeko nominative. Musa ukuba ifomu nominative kunye amagama afana "akukho bani" yaye "akukho nto". Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba akazange abayithobanga isimelabizo "ezifana" kunye "ntoni" kwaye "othile" yaye "into".

izimelabizo upelo

Phambi kokuba ibattery isimelabizo njengenxalenye intetho, uze uthethe upelo. Kukho imithetho eziliqela ezisisiseko ekufuneka uyazi. Ayikho nzima njengoko kubonakala ngathi Ekuqaleni, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwazo ziya kuphucula nokubhala yakho.

• Okokuqala, ukuba amatyala elibhalwe ngokumileyo in izimelabizo umntu wesithathu ekhoyo not translate the sokuqala, lisetyenziselwa isalathandawo isimelabizo. Umzekelo: ngayo nabo.
• izimelabizo Nanini zisetyenziswa ne non-shoka isimaphambili. Umzekelo: umntu, into.
• Amasuntswana-okanye, Koe, ngenye imini, ngoko kusoloko ezahlulwe sisithuba ikhonco. Umzekelo: umntu, into.
• Kwimeko apho phakathi kwisuntswana kunye isimelabizo Koe kufuneka ucele uxolo eli binzana kubhalwa ngokwahlukileyo amagama amathathu. Umzekelo: abanye abantu.
• Ke izimelabizo ezimbi, ngoko zinokuba ukothuka console ukungacalulani kunye unstressed - ni-. Umzekelo: akukho mntu, akukho nto.

Njengoko ubona, le migaqo abaninzi kangaka yaye kulula ukuba ukukhumbula. Ukuba akuqinisekanga upelo oluchanekileyo isimelabizo, ungasoloko zitshekishwe ngokusebenzisa iincwadi ezizodwa upelo okanye upelo kwisichazi-magama.

indima syntactic

Into yokugqibela ekufuneka uyazi phambi kokuba ucinge ukuba ibattery njani isimelabizo njengenxalenye kwintetho - yindima yayo syntactic kwisivakalisi. Njengesibizo, isimelabizo unako ukukhonza phantse nayiphi indima syntactic. Amaninzi ke lo mbandela, ephendula umbuzo yetyala nominative. Qaphela ukuba isimelabizo "yena" hayi lunokuxhomekeka.

Kwakhona, isimelabizo isenokuba yinxalenye yesibini enkulu isivakalisi - nesivisa. Kulo mzekelo, iphendula umbuzo othi "yintoni?" okanye "ntoni?", "yintoni?" okanye "Ungubani na?" Udibana le nxalenye intetho, kwaye ufake-kwimibuzo, iinkcazelo kunye kwezona meko.

Njengoko ubona, isimelabizo inokufana naliphi na ilungu iingcebiso, kwaye endaweni nayiphi na inxalenye oluzimeleyo kwintetho engephi.

Inkqubo ye lokuguqula

Ngoko ke, asifumananga zonke iimpawu kwezimelabizo, yaye ngoku uyakwazi ukuthetha ngqo malunga ukuba ibattery njani isimelabizo njengenxalenye kwintetho. Sicebisa ukuba usebenzise algorithm ukudlulisa zilandelayo:

1. Bhala isimelabizo.

2. Siya ukhethe umbuzo apho aphendula.

3. Ukumisela wokuqhuba.

4. Bhala imilo yokuqala izimelabizo.

5. Ukuqinisekisa ubuso.

6. Misela inombolo.

7. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, siya kumisela ugqatso.

8. Ukuqinisekisa ityala.

9. Sifumanisa indima syntactic kwamagama kwisivakalisi.

Yiloo yonke algorithm. Njengoko ubona, akukho nto nzima ukuhlalutya kwezimelabizo hayi.

into isifundo

Ecacileyo, uhlalutyo kwezimelabizo benza njengenxalenye sentetho esi sithembiso: "Mna ndivuke amahle emva kwexesha."

1. "Mna" - isimelabizo.

2. Umbuzo othi, "Ungubani?"

3. sokukhutshwa - zobuqu.

4. Le fom yokuqala - "I".

5. Umntu - abantu kuqala.

6. Inani - kuphela.

7. Intonga - ayikwazi sizimisele

8. Mortality - nominative.

9. Indima syntactic - sifundo.

Ngoku siye kuqwalaselwa kuphela upelo izimelabizo, kodwa umyalelo analysis zabo, imiqondiso ephambili.

Ekuphetheni

Isimelabizo - enye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zentetho ngolwimi Russian, leyo uphendula imibuzo izibizo, amanani, izichazi kwaye ibonisa into okanye umqondiso yayo, kwangaxeshanye swi igama naye. Izimelabizo bohlulwa ngokweendidi kwixabiso, kuba iimpawu zegrama, njengomntu, isini, inombolo, kunjalo, kwaye oku kungatshintshwa amatyala. Isindululo unakho ukwenza nayiphi na indima syntactic. Kwakhona safunda ibattery indlela isimelabizo njengenxalenye intetho, iinkqubo ezisekelwe lokuguqula yaye wenza uhlalutyo isimelabizo "I". Ngethemba, le nqaku iye luncedo kuwe.