Imithombo yamanzi kunye kwihlathi Russia. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ehlathini eRashiya

Forest - oku ubutyebi engundoqo yesizwe. Le mithombo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumsebenzi yezoqoqosho. imithombo amahlathi Russian - nje kuphela umthi kunye imveliso esekelwe ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Le nokuveliswa oboya, amakhowa, umdlalo, izityalo zamachiza, namaqunube, oko kukuthi, ngokuzingela nokuloba. Asimele silibale malunga nenzuzo ezibangela imithombo yamanzi kunye kwihlathi Russia. Nokuzalana amahlathi elisombulula ezininzi zokusingqongileyo, imozulu-iingxaki kunye nemiba yophuculo lwempilo yoluntu.

ihlathi indawo of Russia

Amahlathi zifikelela 4.1 billion besiza indawo yonke zehlabathi, olubalelwa-30 ekhulwini kwindawo komhlaba iyonke. Imithi oovimba ehlabathini irekhodi 350 billion cubic metres. imithombo Ihlathi of Russia kwale mvelaphi ikhangeleka Kuhle kakhulu. imithombo imithi kwilizwe lethu 80 billion cubic metres. Russia - elinye lamazwe bazizinhanha ngokwemiqathango kumahlathi. Ummandla womhlaba wonke 1180 million hectares. FOREST IZIXHOBO Russia wahlukile kwaye ohlukeneyo. Indawo esikuyo kwilizwe lethu ithatha ubukho imimandla zezulu ezininzi. Ngoko ke, emahlathini Russian bohlulwa babe ngamaqela eziliqela kuxhomekeke iindima zabo zoqoqosho, ezentlalo nezokusingqongileyo ezingundoqo.

iqela ehlathini

izibonelelo ehlathini Russian zahlulwe ngokweendidi ezintathu, kuxhomekeke neempawu zazo zisebenza. Iqela lokuqala iquka ekhuselweyo, ukhuselo amanzi kunye zokutyala yolondolozo lomhlaba. It igcina, iiholide kunye neepaki, abahlala 22.9 ekhulwini kuzo zonke izityalo. Ukugawula ezi amahlathi akuvumelekanga, kwaye akhuselwe ngurhulumente. Iqela lesibini liquka umhlaba enabantu abahlala kwiindawo nokusebenza kakuhle. Oku multi-injongo izithuba. Benza up 7.6 ekhulwini zonke izibonelelo eRashiya. Ngu wesithathu, iqela elikhulu (69.5 pesenti) Kubhekiselele rhoqo kakubi iindimbane. It multiwood iindawo apho olunobundlobongela olwenziwa msebenzi ishishini. Ezi ihlathi Russia zibuyiselwe izibonelelo zabantu ngokusisigxina.

iindidi kwamahlathi

Kuxhomekeka iintlobo nqwelo yehlathi yohlulwe ngokweendidi. Kukho iindawo ezintathu ezingundoqo. Udidi lokuqala luquka amahlathi coniferous. Le uluhlu, nto leyo ilawulwa pine, umsedare, larch, fir. Asezikhundleni 70 ekhulwini lonke ilizwe ehlathini, okanye izigidi 508,7 hectares. Udidi lwesibini - ihlathi avuthulukayo. Apha esilawulwa ezinde, Linden, Aspen, willow, alder nemipopulari. isabelo sawo ubunzima lilonke 16.7 ekhulwini, okanye izigidi 119,7 hectares. Udidi yokugqibela ibandakanya ehlathini hardwood, apho zimelwe ezinde ilitye, beech, um-oki, maple, Elm, nemingampunzi, hornbeam kunye saxaul. Rhwebani, ezi zithuba 2.4 ekhulwini, okanye izigidi 17.5 hectares. Le yunithi amaqhina oqhagamshelwano kunye umgangatho, nobulukhuni kweenkuni.

Ukusasazwa kwemithombo ehlathini

Ukufumaneka kwezixhobo ezinkulu zehlathi Russian. Kodwa usasazo ummandla kolwabelo olungalinganiyo. Uninzi kumahlathi kubalelwa zommandla hlathi. Lo mmandla Krasnoyarsk, iyavuma kunye Irkutsk. Ezinye amahlathi ezininzi kuyimfuneko yaye inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya. Le Kostroma kunye mmandla Novgorod. North kunye elasezantsi lizwe zimpawu koovimba bayo enkulu amaplanga. Kubekho ukwehla okukhulu kumasimi ehlathini. ulwabiwo lwezibonelelo kuxhomekeke kwiindawo zokuhlala kwabantu. Uphuhliso lwezibonelelo ehlathini kuye kwakhokelela ekuthotyweni kummandla wabo. Le meko iqatshelwe umbindi Russia. Yekhasi eyetundra emaqeleni ekunokuthiwa omnye lizwe kakhulu lesodefitsitnyh. Kule ndawo esemazantsi lawona ezinamahlathi afumaneka eCaucasus. Kalmykia semidesert ezi mpawu zincinane ehlathini yehlathi. Ngoko ke, ihlathi lwezibonelelo Russian kwezi nkalo lisetyenziswa mali incinane.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamahlathi

Malunga 90 ekhulwini emifuno izinto lweziphili olwahlala emhlabeni buzinze emahlathini. Russia uhamba phambili kwinani kumahlathi. Ngoko ke, ilizwe lethu unakho, ngaphandle kwefuthe kokusingqongileyo ukusebenzisa iinkuni iinjongo zorhwebo. Nangona oluninzi lwemisebenzi zoshishino kule intsimi, ukunyuka yonyaka million 872 cubic metres. Ngokubanzi, yonke umthamo wehlathi ngonyaka ngamnye eRashiya million 550 cubic metres. Ngoko ke kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba ahlale yinkokeli yehlabathi kule ndawo, kodwa kwandisa imithombo ehlathini. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo yehlathi Russia isikali elikhulu kwaye ibandakanya iinkalo ezininzi kuqoqosho.

imboni yokugawulwa kwemithi

Kubaluleke kakhulu ke ngophuhliso kunye indawo endala kwezoqoqosho. isakhiwo waso iyunithi ezintsonkothileyo. imveliso Wood kunye nokusebenza kwayo okwalandela kubandakanya amanyathelo eziliqela, iyileyo kumkhawulela kwishishini elithile. Iqela leenkampani linoxanduva imveliso imithi kunye nemveliso evela kubo. Iqela lesibini inxulumene amashishini processing. Kukuba amashishini Intlama nePhepha kunye nentlaka. ukuba ezi nkampani zinkulu ekuveliseni iphepha indawo e Krasnoyarsk, Arkhangelsk, Irkutsk, eMoscow, Syktyvkar, Svetogorsk kunye nezinye izixeko Russia. Abo asaqalayo siwenze onke amanqanaba processing iinkuni, ebizwa enezakhiwo kushishino lwemithi. 60 pesenti iinkuni kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa imithi, 40 pesenti - ekuveliseni zemveliso yamaphepha.

indlela eyiyo

Indlela yokwenza eyiyo yokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo yehlathi Russian? Le ndawo yamahlathi enkulu, kodwa ukuba usebenzisa yona ngempazamo, la manani kube kakhulu lincitshiswe. Okwangoku, le umba isiba engxamisekileyo ngakumbi. Imimandla ngezibonelelo ehlathini ephantsi nga zinengxaki yokunqongophala iinkuni kwishishini yinxalenye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le enabantu abaninzi ukwindawo imveliso mveliso aphuhliswe kakuhle. Ngokoqoqosho engeluncedo lwanto ahlangule imithi abasuka kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni lizwe lethu. Kungcono ukuba zonke izinto eziyimfuneko ziza kuveliswa kwindawo indawo lweshishini. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba lula ukusetyenziswa amahlathi. Ukubuyisela umthamo yazo ngumba ophambili. Sifanele sihlale sikhumbula ukuba hlathi - lo vimba ezisikelwe. Ma kuthabatha ngokwabo. Kodwa ke kuyafuneka ukuba lo mntu ixesha elide akazange kuphazamisana ngengqibelelo yalo. Ngelo xesha xa ishishini amandla ezikhulayo, ukwakhiwa izityalo ezitsha kunye neemfuno ezikhulayo zabantu, kuba nzima.

Yeendlela eziphambili wokusindisa lwezibonelelo ehlathini

Indlela ukugcina ubutyebi kwihlathi Russia? Ukugawulwa, iinkuni eRashiya yeyabahlali. Ukuba ishishini ukuqhubeka ukuhambisa iimveliso ngokupheleleyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe amanyathelo ukusetyenziswa esinengqiqo reforestation. ngeendlela ezininzi kunye neendawo apho anikezele. Okokuqala, indima edlalwa ngurhulumente inkqubo kulawulwe ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo ehlathini, kufuneka lubalaseleyo. Umthetho kufuneka kuhlengahlengiswa, kunye abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo ukuze iliso kule ndawo yoqoqosho. Okwesibini, imfuno ukwenza uphuhliso zobugcisa kunye lwezenzululwazi kwinkalo yolawulo lwezibonelelo zendalo, nto leyo eza kuvumela ukuba ukusebenza ngendlela eyiyo. Iteknoloji entsha iza kuphucula ukuhluzwa kweenkuni, isicelo yayo engaphezulu. Okwesithathu, onke amandla endalo lizwe kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwaye kuxhomekeke yovavanyo. Yonke imveliso kufuneka zisekelwe ukugcinwa siseko imvelo ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. Kufuneka kwenziwe ri lokuphelisa nya zonke ezimbi ngemo iziphumo zemveliso amaplanga.

wamagama

Ukusebenzisa imithombo yendalo namhlanje, kufuneka ucinge kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Kufuneka abanike ithuba lokuba ubomi ngokupheleleyo. iindawo zendalo, zolondolozo lwendalo esekwe ngqo le. Uluntu usebenzisa iziphiwo uhlobo kufuneka ukumnceda kwakhona ukuba umthombo, oku ndidiniwe. Oku ikamva lethu yaye inzala yethu, ethe, ngelishwa, maxa wambi izakungenzeki uku ukulondoloza kwimo yalo yantlandlolo.