Declaration of Human Rights: uxwebu enkulu

Bastille inqaba kunye wayo, i-revolution ingoma odumileyo "Marseillaise," ukufa njengesixhobo ubulungisa kunye nempahla ukufa, i Jacobin club, ngesothuso, ezopolitiko ingcinezelo - nto idla qatha engqondweni xa kuziwa kwi-French Revolution. Kodwa iziganeko ngelo xesha uxokozelayo akukho kuyehla iziqephu igazi nje kunye kungcelele engapheliyo iimfazwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kungenjalo, nento obuyiyo ubukhulu yale revolution? Kwaye ukuba okokuqala kwimbali yaba, xa kusenziwa, wenza iinzame ukusebenzisa izimvo, phambi kokuba iinkulungwane ingqalelo nephupha ngokupheleleyo. Ngendlela ezininzi ngqo kakuhle eli nezimvo kwenziwa islogani ongenakufa revolution "ukulingana, ookhansila kunye inkululeko", yaye ekwimo aphuhlileyo kakhulu, bona ayizanga ngembali yehlabathi kuxwebhu ezifana Declaration of Human Rights.

Ngexesha Great Revolution eFransi, oko bapapasha inani amaxwebhu kunye negama efanayo. Umzekelo, ngowokuqala kubo - Declaration of the Rights of Man kunye Citizen ka1789, esithatyathwe yiNdibano neqela (ekuthiwa-ipalamente revolution), Inqaku №1 wavakalisa ukuba abantu bazalwa bekhululekile kwaye banamalungelo alinganayo.

Kwinqaku lesibini wathetha ukugcinwa kwamalungelo yendalo bomntu njongo ephambili ye nawuphina umbutho wezopolitiko, kwaye kakuhle eli amalungelo ngokwabo inkululeko, phambi kwempahla, akukho ingozi ebomini kunye indlela yokuchasa ingcinezelo.

Ngaphezu koko yathi namhlanje ikhangeleka zendalo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa emva koko kwabonakala revolution ngokwenene - yokulingana zonke, ngaphandle kokujonga isincedisi eklasini, phambi komthetho, ka inkululeko ngamnye, inkululeko yesazela, intetho kunye namaphephandaba. Not zibekelwe bucala kwezoqoqosho kunye neendlela zemali - Declaration of Human Rights ibhengeze lo mhlaba "ilungelo inviolable kwaye engcwele", yaye iye yamisela ulwabiwo efanayo iintlawulo zerhafu bonke abemi, inkqubo yabo ukuqokelelwa nokusetyenziswa kweekhamera. A Inani lamanqaku wabhengeza, izithethe amatsha amaninzi kakhulu inkqubela zomthetho - phezu komthetho, phezu umyalelo okusesikweni njalo njalo. Relevant kumhla yethu nemimiselo yeSiqendu 15 kwilungelo labemi kulibiza evela kwigosa yonke.

Kakade ke, lunwenwe kwiiveki yokuqala revolution, i-Declaration of Human Rights waba eziliqela kuneengxaki ebalulekileyo. Bathi ukuba othile ziphelisiwe kuhlelo yayo elandelayo. Declaration of Human Rights kunye Citizen ngo-1793 yaye zincediswa aliqela inkululeko kwezentlalo: ilungelo lwezikhalazo, ibandla, kunye nokumelana abasemagunyeni xa besaphula izilangazelelo esemthethweni yabantu. It wagxininisa umsebenzi yoluntu ukuze banyamekele abemi abahluphekileyo ukhubazekile, kwaye kananjalo wabhekisela ukukhuthaza imfundo zobuninzi jikelele.

Ukusukela ekuqaleni kula maxwebhu imbali wathabatha ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini, kodwa ke namhlanje Declaration of Human Rights ihlala yenye indalo kakhulu olumangalisayo olo ke lulolona lubalulekileyo ingqondo yomntu, elawula amalungelo nezibophelelo zawo onke amalungu zoluntu oluxhamla intlalo yedemokhrasi ngokwenene.