Ikholvethi: iintlobo, zobukhulu, isixhobo

Kuba ukususwa kwemali amancinane amanzi kunye abapase phantsi iikholbethi indlela esetyenziswayo. ukusebenzisa kwabo kufanelekile ngaphezu ulwakhiwo kwebhulorho.

ingqiqo jikelele

Kuba sicatshulwa kwamanzi ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi iikholbethi lwendlela esetyenziswayo. Ezi ziquka ikholvethi, iibhulorho, yamanzi. ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe zisetyenziselwa sicatshulwa ngaphantsi komphezulu wendlela lamajelo ezahlukeneyo.

Iikholbethi asetyenziswa kwiimeko apho ufuna ukutsiba i yamanzi amdaka ezincinane indlela (imilambo, ekufunxeni amanzi emva kwemvula okanye ikhephu, njalo njalo). Candani phakathi ngemibhobho yamanzi ukuba wenziwe rhoqo okanye batchwise. Ngokusebenzisa ezi zakhiwo ngamanye amaxesha aququzelele sicatshulwa iinkomo okanye zothutho sendleleni.

Izixhobo ayifuni culvert licuthe le izithuthi, kwaye ukutshintsha uhlobo endleleni. Ngaphezu ubume yokuzaliswa yomveleli. Ukutyeba wathulula umhlaba kunciphisa uxinzelelo ekwakhiweni kwezithuthi kunye kuthambisa nempembelelo.

Ukusetyenziswa njengogwali ngenxa indlela amanzi zalo eziluncedo:

• Pipe ufakelo indawo ngaphandle kokonakalisa roadbed.

• ufakelo Pipe eyona ndlela yongayo kokwakha kwebhulorho.

• Xa backfill layer Ebubanzini ezingaphezu kwe-2 m negalelo ekwakhiweni kwemithwalo yethutyana abapasa izithuthi inciphisiwe.

pipe Ubungakanani

Ububanzi culvert zixhomekeke ubude bayo:

• Ukuba ubude ityhubhu ayidluli 3.2 m kunye nokuphakama eweni ngaphantsi kwe 7.5 m, ukuvulwa ityhubhu ikhethiwe ilingana 100-150 cm.

• Ukuze esidulini ukuze 1.5 m ububanzi 75 cm.

• Ngemibhobho ngaphakathi iindibano ezi-50 cm ubukhulu.

Phantsi iindlela izigaba 2-4 zinokusetyenziswa iikholbethi enobubanzi ka-100 cm kunye ubude 30 m. Ukuba ubukhulu yi-75 cm, ubude ityhubhu akufunekanga ibe ngaphezulu kwe-15 m.

ngezigaba

Iikholbethi ezithathwa kwi eziliqela iparameters.

Kuxhomekeka kumbandela ukusuka apho kwenziwa:

• Eziphathekayo.

• Le Polymer (Polymer, Polyvinyl chloride kunye ene- polyethylene ephezulu).

• ufakelo lwesamente.

• Stone.

• Metal.

• Fiberglass.

Zininzi iintlobo eyodwa imibhobho, kuxhomekeke imilo cross-somhlathi:

• Round.

• Arch.

• Okweqanda.

• Buxande.

• Trapezoidal.

• Ovoidalnye.

• Unxantathu.

Ngokutsho kumgaqo candelo:

• Unconfined.

• Pressure.

• Polunapornye.

In cross-icandelo imibhobho babe iingongoma elinye, amabini okanye nangaphezulu.

izinto ezingundoqo ityhubhu kunye yokufaka

Iikholbethi luqulathe izinto ezininzi:

• headroom yokufaka.

• Amakhonkco ipipi.

• Yemveliso headroom.

Ngenxa iindonga esiphelweni ityhubhu awakhi eddies, ebandakanya, amanzi abetheka kancinci. Ubukho babo ayiniki ukuqukuqela amanzi okuhlamba kude gquma yakuhlamba iziseko.

Kukho iindidi eziliqela kweendonga ekupheleni:

• Portal, ezithi zenziwe ngohlobo lombhobho nkqo nodonga. Le yindlela elula kunazo, kodwa kuneengxaki zako. Ayizi asinikeli ukuhamba kakuhle kwamanzi. Ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kucetyiswa kwiimeko omncinci amanzi ehamba ngesantya eliphantsi. Gantry headroom esetyenziselwa njengogwali kunye ububanzi of 50-75 cm.
• Socketed. Koko eludongeni, baye amaphiko amabini oyinxalenye ngonyawo. Okrylki walungiselela kwi-engile degrees 30 kumbhobho. Ngenxa kule amanzi ebegqwese iingqameko.
• Ikhola, izinto zabo yokugqibela uyagawulwa kwinkalo enye naleyo zendunduma. Aya kwe yomqala yokhuselo ifakiwe.
• Zihambisane kwicandelo cross ngcembe Taper ukuba kudala iimeko elungileyo ukuphuma kwamanzi.

Uxinzelelo yomhlaba ngokulinganayo isasazwe ngenxa isiseko apho umbhobho akumiselweyo. Kwakhona ethintela ukutshintsha eziqalelo ngamnye isakhiwo.

Ezi ndidi zilandelayo loseko:

• Ngaphandle kwesiseko (isiseko zendalo).

• Ukungcola Bag, esidalwe ngumntu.

• Of njengekonkile.

• Eziqalelo ezahlukeneyo eziphathekayo.

Ukukhetha uhlobo isiseko kuxhomekeke kwi sangqa umbhobho, ukuphakama ndulana kunye neemeko zejoloji.

Onqamleza into nkqo ngqo esqwini endleleni. Oku kunika ubude ubuncinane ipipi. Kwezinye iimeko, kucetyiswa ukuba ukufaka ukwakhiwa ngendlela apho umlambo kwemali. Oku kunciphisa amathuba whirlpools. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, wenza ukwakhiwa iikholbethi kwezinye izalathiso.