Iingqungquthela uYulia Drunina: ubugcisa, ubugcisa. Iingongoma malunga nothando nemfazwe

UDrunina Yulia Vladimirovna ungumlobi waseRussia owenza umsebenzi wakhe wobugcisa kwimisebenzi yakhe. Wazalelwa ngowe-1924. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic 1941-1945. Kwisithuba esithile wayengumphathi we-Supreme Soviet yase-USSR. Wafa ngo-1991.

Kakade ke, amaqiniso anomileyo akwanele ukuqonda uhlobo lunikazi-uJulia Drunina. I-biografi yakhe izele ngamabali amahle, kwaye uthando lokugqibela luyaqhubeka luqulethwe ngeenkondlo kunye namafilimu. Ngoko ke, yonke into ngokufanelekileyo.

Ubuntwana

Ngo-Meyi 10, ngo-1924, intombazana yabonakala esibhedlele saseMoscow, esathiwa nguYulia. Wazalelwa kwintsapho eqondayo: ubaba wayifundisa imbali kwisikolo saseMoscow, kwaye umama wasebenza apho njengomthala wolwazi. Waphila ngokugqithiseleyo kakhulu, ekhutshwe kwikamelo elincinci.

Naphezu kwayo yonke into, utata wangenisa eYulia uthando lweencwadi kunye nokufunda. Abalobi abathandekayo bebekhona kwiintsuku zokuqala babengumlobi waseFransi uAlexander Dumas kunye nomlobi waseSoviet uLidiya Charskaya. Kwizincwadi zabo, ngokungafani neklasiki, enokuthi abazali bayincome kakhulu ukuba bafunde, baqhakazile, bemibalabala, benenyaniso kwaye bachaze kakhulu iimvakalelo zabantu - ukwesaba nenkalipho, uthando nothando, ukwahlukana, ukuthengwa kunye nabanye abaninzi.

U-Julia, njengabantwana abaninzi abaselula, bakholelwa ukuba ebomini akukho nto ingenakwenzeka, ukuba ubomi bunikwa ukuze ukwazi zonke izinto ezingaziwa kwaye zivelise zonke izinto ezingagqithwanga - kulo lonke ubomi obuninzi inyoka iDrunin. Iingqungquthela zaqala ukubhala kwasebuncinaneni. Ekubeni ngo-1930, xa wayeneminyaka engama-6 ubudala, walungiselela inkondlo, eyayinqoba kumncintiswano ozinikezelwe kwiMfazwe yoLuntu.

"Sasihleli kufuphi nedesksi yesikolo ..."

Le yimbongo yokuqala nguDrunina, eyapapashwa kwi-Newspaper Teacher, kwaye yafunda kwi-rediyo. Abazali babengakholelwa kwintombi yakhe impumelelo. Ubaba, uVladimir Drunin, wazama isandla kulo msebenzi, wabhala imisebenzi emininzi, kodwa akazange aphumelele kakhulu. Ngexesha lokufunda kwakhe, imibongo kaDununina yayipapashwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiphephandaba leodonga. Ngeli xesha, u-Julia Drunina wabhala iingqungquthela zothando, ngamabali amahle, kunye neenkwenkwezi, kunye neenkosana, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zithatha izihloko kunye neenkcukacha ezifunekayo kwimisebenzi yesikolo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, udumo lwembongi lwalugxininisa intombazana, kwaye uYulia akafuni ukulahlekelwa nguye. Ngoko, unyaka emva konyaka kwakukho iintsuku zesikolo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza kwavela imfazwe. U-Yulia Drunina wadlulisa uvavanyo olukhulu. Ubume bakhe buzaliswe ngamaqiniso amnandi, izenzo zobuqhawe, iindondo, imiyalelo.

Ulutsha kunye neMfazwe

NgoJuni 22, 1941 amawaka amantombazana kunye namantombazana athetha ukungena esikolweni kwaye adibana neenkampani zesikolo, kuqukwa noJulia. Akukho mntu unokucinga ukuba ngoku kusasa kuya kuba yingozi kubantu bonke baseSoviet. Ngama-5, ukuqhuma kokuqala kwavakala, ukuvakalisa ngokukhawuleza kwempi yavakala kwi-radiyo. Isibheno esikhulu kwisigqeba somkhosi waseSoviet saqalisa ngokukhawuleza.

U-Yulia Drunina, njengamantombazana amaninzi ngelo xesha, wajoyina umgca phambili njengesivolontiya ngaphambili. Intombazana encinci yayingavunyelwa ukuba iqhutyelwe kwiindawo zemikhosi. Ukuba ephezulu, wadlula ikhosi yabahlengikazi. Kwathatha ixesha elithile wasebenza kwiNqila yoMlambo woMnqamlezo obomvu.

Ekupheleni kwehlobo lowe-1941, amajoni aseJamani aqala ukugxeka ngokumelene neMoscow, iDrunin yathunyelwa kwingingqi yesiXeko saseMohaisk ekwakhiweni kweendawo zokuhlala ezikhuselekileyo. Apha, ngexesha lokuhlaselwa emoyeni, waphoswa kwiqela lakhe, kwaye "wabethela" kwiqela labatsha abamswele abafuna unesi. Kwakukho ngeli xesha uJulia ewela ngothando okokuqala. Kuze kube ngoku, akukho negama okanye igama elibizwa ngokuba lendoda. Kuyo yonke imisebenzi wayeyilwa nje. Kwangexesha elide uJulia Drunina wabhala iingqungquthela malunga nothando ngaye, malunga nezenzo zakhe zobuqhawe kunye nesimo sakhe sensimbi. Ngelishwa, ulwalamano lwabo lwalufutshane kakhulu. Umlawuli webhatsheli kunye namanye amajoni atyhutyelwa kum, uJulia ngokwakhe wayeseva.

Ngowe-1941, xa uDrunina wagqibela ekuphumeni kwakhe eMoscow, wathunyelwa eSiberia kunye nosapho lwakhe. UJulia akafuni ukuhlala emva, kodwa wahamba. Isizathu sasinzima: impilo kayise, owathi ekuqaleni kwemfazwe yahlushwa isifo. Ngowe-1942, emva kwesibini, uVladimir Drunin wafa ezandleni zeentombi zakhe. Emva komngcwabo, uJulia Drunina wanquma ukuhamba eKhabarovsk aze aphinde aye phambili.

E-Khabarovsk wangena kwiSikole se-Junior Aviation Professionals. Isifundo sanikwa nzima. Ngokukhawuleza kwaziwa ukuba amantombazana aphelile izifundo azivunyelwe ukuba alwe, kodwa ayenze kuphela igosa lenkwenkwezi. UJulia Drunina wayengakulungele oku. I-biography enxulumene nemfazwe ayipheli apho nje ngokuba iphumelele kwiklasi yabahlengikazi. Isigqibo somlawuli-ntloko sathathwa kubantombazana-abahlengikazi ukuya kwiindawo zokulwa. Ngoko wangena kwinqanaba lesibili laseByelorussian, kwisebe elihlambulukileyo.

Ukwazi iZinka

Ngeli xesha, kukho intlanganiso yamantombazana amabini-abahlengikazi, ababoshwe ngumhlobo ngexesha lobunzima bemfazwe. UZinaida Samsonova ngu-sergeant ophezulu weenkonzo zonyango. Akazange nje athathe ngokungabindi amasoldati alimele ekulweni, kodwa naye wayesebenzisa ngobuchule imishini yemipu kunye neebrenade. Kulo lonke ixesha elichithwe kwimfazwe, amasosha angama-50 awasindiswa ngezandla zakhe kunye namasosha aseJamani abulawa. Kodwa ngoJanuwari 27, ngo-1944, ngexesha lokuhlambalaza kummandla weGomel, xa ezama ukutsala ijoni elimele, ngokwakhe, wabulawa yi-German bulper bullet. Wayeneminyaka engama-19 kuphela ubudala. Isibongozi asikwazanga ukungahambelani nalokhu. "Zinka" nguYulia Drunina ungenye yeengoma ezidume kakhulu ngoku, kukho imida malunga nokufa komhlobo, intombazana enesibindi uZinaida Samsonova:

"UZinka wasikhokelela ekuhlaseleni ..."

Asizange silindelwe udumo olusemva,

Sifuna ukuhlala nozuko.

... Kutheni ku-bandages igazi

Ijoni elikhuni elikhuni lilala? "

Ukulimala okukhulu kukaJulia Drunina

Ngomnyaka we-1943, uJulia walimala empini: iqhekeza eliqhekekileyo ukusuka kwi-projectile langena entanyeni, ngokuyisimangaliso ayikuthinteli umzobo we-carotid, apho kwakukho u-5 mm. UJulia, njengombutho oqinileyo, akazange afake ukubaluleka okufanelekileyo kokulimala. Ukugqiba ukuba yayikuqala nje, wambamba ibhinqa entanyeni yakhe kwaye waqhubeka ekhonza njengomongikazi. Akukho mntu uthetha into (kwaye bekungekho kwada kuba yinto leyo), wahlangula iintsuku emva kwemini, ewathatha kwizinto zokulwa, ukusuka kwimfazwe. Kodwa ngolunye usuku uDktunina walahlekelwa ingqondo - yena ngokwakhe wafika kuphela kwisibhedlele esibhedlele.

Kwakungenako ukubuyela esibhedlele kwisibhedlele. Wayekho ixesha elithile elithunyelwe ngezizathu zempilo. Ukubuyela eMoscow, ukugqiba ukuqhubela phambili izifundo zakhe, uthumele amaxwebhu kwi- Literary Institute, kodwa ingcamango yokubuyela kwinkqubo ayiqhubeki iDununin. Iingqungquthela, ngokungahambi kakuhle, ayizange idlule iqela lokukhetha. Intombazana iphinda ibuyele phambili. Eli xesha liye laqulunqwa kwi-1038th i-artillery regiment ye-3rd Baltic Front. Ngomnyaka we-1944, ngenye yeemfazwe, wayeyi-shell-yatshitshiswa. Ngaloo ndlela waphela inkonzo yakhe yempi.

Ngethuba leminyaka wanikwa isitifiketi somphathi weenkonzo zonyango, wanikezwa iMyalelo weNkwenkwezi ebomvu kunye nombongo othi "Ukuba nesibindi".

Ukushiya imfazwe ebhaliweyo kunye nokudala. Ngethuba leminyaka uJulia Drunina wabhala iingqungquthela malunga nemfazwe kunye nokufa yonke iminithi yamahhala. Abaninzi babo bangena kwiiqoqo zemisebenzi yempi.

Life Postwar

Ngomnyaka we-1944, uDrunina ukhetha ukuya kwiiklasi kwi-Literary Institute. Kwaye ngeli xesha uqala ukufundisisa phakathi konyaka kwaye ngaphandle kwemviwo yokungena. Akukho mntu uyamkhanyela. Yiya kwiiklasi kwijeketi yepea kunye neebhotile zentela. U-Julia Drunina ubhala imibongo ngeemfazwe, apho umgca ngamnye ugcwele intlungu, izenzo kunye nesibindi. Akazange athathe iqoqo yakhe kwindlu yokushicilela, ngezinye iinkhathi wayecele omnye wabahlobo bakhe ukuba bathathe imisebenzi yakhe. Mhlawumbi, ke, udumo lomlobi lwakhe lwafika kuphela emva kokufa.

Usapho

Phakathi kwabafundi afunda nabo udibana nomfana omncinci ogama linguNikolai, owathi, njengaloo nto, uthathwa njengengafanelekanga kwinkonzo yempi. Ngesinye isikhathi esi sibini sidibana, kwaye kungekudala babhalisa umtshato wabo.

Ngowe-1946 umntwana wazalelwa kwintsapho-intombi kaJulia Drunina noNikolay Starshinov. Utywala nomntwana omncinci wathatha ixesha elide. Amandla omama omncinane awazange ahlale efundeni, okanye kwiingqungquthela. Kwakungenakho imali endlwini, kwaye uJulia wayengazi indlela yokulawula ifama: yena wakwazi ukufumana isidlo sasisiseko.

U-Nikolai Starshinov emva kwexesha elide wabelana ngezikhumbuzo zakhe zobugcisa bomfazi wakhe: "Ngelinye ilanga, wandidla isobho esasinomdla kakhulu kwaye unombala ongaqhelekanga. Emva kokuba umtshato uqhawule uJulia wandivuma ukuba kwakuyi-scrave yeetayibhile kwiifomu, welded by unina. Ndiyavuma ukuba andizange ndidle isobho elimnandi. "

U-Nikolai noYulia baqhawula ngo-1960.

Uthando lokugqibela

Ngethuba esatshatayo, uJulia udibana nombhalo we-Alexei Kapler. Uthando phakathi kwabo lwasasaza ngokukhawuleza, kodwa uDrunin wayenzima nale ntliziyo iminyaka emithandathu, ezama ukulondoloza intsapho. Kodwa uthando lwaluqine. Umphefumlo weminyaka engamashumi amabini emphefumlweni uhlala kuJulia noAlexei, kwakungabikho mithintelo okanye umva kwiminyaka, nokuba yintlekele yomfazi waseRussia.

Ngoku u-Julia Drunina wanikela ngokubonga nje ngothando kuye - uAlexei Kapler. Ngowe-1979, ehlulekile ukunqoba isigaba esinzima se-oncology, indoda iyafa. KuJulia, oku kwaba yilahleko engafanelekiyo. Wayengenakuhlala ngaphandle kwakhe.

Ukufa kukaJulia Drunina

Kwimzuzwana, umfazi waseSoviet, umbongi omkhulu, wazama ukubuyela kwindawo epheleleyo, kodwa oku kwakungenakwenzeka. Umloli ebomini, uJulia Drunina wayengenakuyeka ukuhamba naye, kodwa wayengenakuphila kwaye abone indlela ilizwe eliye lagubha ngayo.

Ndizama isandla sam kwezopolitiko, ndizama ukukhusela amalungelo abathathi-nxaxheba kwiMfazwe Enkulu yamaPatriotic, amalungelo abantu ababuya kwimfazwe e-Afghanistan. Kodwa akukho nto yenzeke. Ngoko akafumani ngongoma ebomini, wenza isigqibo sokuzibulala.

NgoNovemba 20, 1991 umzimba wakhe ufunyenwe kwigaraji lekhaya lakhe: waxhamla ngegesi zokukhupha imoto. Umyeni wakhe wokuqala, phakathi kwezizathu ezibangele uJulia Drunin ukuba athathe isinyathelo esinzima, esabizwa ngokuba yinto yokuba wayengafuni ukuguga. Wayeyika ngenxa yobudala kunye nokungenakunceda. UJulia wayefuna ukuhlala eselula, kodwa ukugula kwakhe kunye nobudala bakhe, ngelanga, akazange avumele. Ngaloo ndlela wagqiba umbhozo omkhulu wemfazwe uDrunina Julia Vladimirovna. Wangcwatywa ecaleni kweAlexei Kapler emangcwabeni e-Starokrymsky.

Umbongo wokugqibela

"Ndihamba, andinamandla.

(Bonke babhaptizwe!) Ndiyathandaza

Njengokuba unjalo - kubakhethiweyo

Gcina iRussi phezu kweyengxube.

Kodwa ndoyika ukuba unamandla.

Ngenxa yokuba ndikhetha ukufa.

IRashiya ihamba njani ngaphantsi kwethambeka,

Andikwazi, andifuni ukubheka! "

Ngomsebenzi wakhe wokugqibela, wabiza isizathu sokufa kwakhe. Kwaye emva kwexesha i-USSR yagqitywa.

U-Julia Drunina ... I-biography yale bhinqa ayiyi kushiya nabani na ongenamdla. Abanye bamgweba ngenxa yokuhamba kwakhe ebomini, abanye bayayivumelana nesi sigqibo, kodwa wonke umntu uyavuma ukuba washiya, washiya inxalenye yomphefumlo wakhe kwimibongo yakhe.

Imisebenzi evelele kakhulu: "Ukugxotha okungaxinzekanga," "Musa ukuhlangabezana nothando lokuqala", "Zinka" nguYulia Drunina. Baqhubeka besithiwa ngabantwana besikolo kunye nabantwana abadala ngabantliziyo, okuqinisekiswa yinyaniso yokuba umphefumlo womfazi wesibhamu, umbongo owaziwayo, awuzange uchithe.