Ihlathi Karelian: inkcazelo, indalo, imithi kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Karelia basibiza ngokuba lihlathi kunye chibi buthelezi. Modern namageduka kwabunjwa phantsi kweempembelelo enyibilikayo glacier eyaqala lishumi lamawaka kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Ice amaphepha ngcembe lehla, yaye amanzi anyibilike zizaliswe kwimigongxo emaweni. Ngaloo kwasekwa ezininzi amachibi kunye nemilambo e Karelia.

ehlathini intombi

hlathi Karelian - a ubutyebi yokwenene mmandla. Ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, uninzi Imisebenzi namahlathi kudlula kuzo ngokungummangaliso. Oku kusebenza kwimiboniso ngaphaya komda eFinland. Ngenxa yale siqithi abalondolozwa nature ye. amahlathi Karelian kuqhayisa imithi pine, ogama yobudala ufikelela kwiminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu.

E Karelia, malunga amathathu ikhulu lamawaka iihektare ngamahlathi kwi ubume iipaki zesizwe kunye neendawo. imithi Virgin kuba sisiseko 'Pasvik "zolondolozo," Kostomukshsky "," Paanayarvsky "National Park.

Ubutyebi Green: Interesting Facts

Development of Karelia amahlathi laqalisa ekuzalweni shishino. Kwinkulungwane elinesibhozo le ukugawula imithi enxibe uyakhetha. Nje emhlabeni ironworks uthe esagawula ecacileyo. Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, umthamo okusilelayo amaplanga ayenako. Nokuqhama emahlathini Karelian kancane sayeka. Oko kuphela ekupheleni koo zenkulungwane lokugqibela, kwamahlathi yehlile kakhulu. Okwangoku, kwakhona kukho ukwanda kancinane izinga yokuvuna imithi, kuba imveliso kumazwe angaphandle exabisekileyo, leyo usoloko kwemfuneko.

Karelian ehlathini: zemithi leyo kulawula

Ezi ndawo izityalo emangalisayo enhle natyebileyo.

Isiseko emahlathini Karelian - i nespruce kunye pine. Kwimimandla esemantla uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana nespruce Finnish, kwaye empumalanga - Siberian. Kodwa uhlaza bubonakaliswe Conifers kuphela. Yintoni Karelian lihlathi ekhethekileyo? Yiyiphi imithi ikhule kwezi ndawo? Kukho kwakhona hardwoods eqhelekileyo. Famous imithi Karelian ezinde yehlathi, iintlobo zalo ezimbini - anoboya kunye amade. Kwakhona sihlahla likhula alder yokuncamathelisa Aspen.

iintlobo ehlathini

EMzantsi Karelia kukho ezinkulu imithi esibanzi-zodonga - Elm, Linden, alder kunye maple. amahlathi pine Karelian ukukhula, ngokuqhelekileyo kwimihlaba abangamahlwempu kwaye wenze iintlobo eziliqela nezahlukileyo yobume umhlaba kunye nohlobo njengotyani ezintlu asezantsi.

Emathafeni, amathafa nemigxobhozo phantse yonke kukhule amahlathi sphagnum pine lwamahlathi azikhuli kunye tonkostvolnym. Apha umhlaba iphawulwa kuligquma engqindilili moss, liveza inani elikhulu imithana - nerosemary, blueberry, kunye Bog nasemva.

Xa umhlaba ochumileyo tywa nompleyini-zelenomoshniki ezo zimelwe imithi emide. Kule ihlathi undergrowth ashinyeneyo ezinqabileyo kakhulu kwaye ibandakanya wejunipha kunye rowan. Bush wokugqiba cranberries kunye iiblueberries, kodwa umhlaba ligutyungelwe moss. Ke ukuba izityalo herbaceous, apha ke bambalwa kakhulu.

Kwimihlaba kuphele, Amathambeka namawa phambili ukukhula amahlathi ulele pine. Imithi kwezi ndawo kakhulu inqabile; akukho phantse akukho mahlathi. cover Soil zimelwe ulele, moss, ubulembu eluhlaza, bearberry, cranberries.

Kuba umhlaba sisityebi ngakumbi esibonakala nespruce. Avamise kakhulu zelenomoshniki, eziquka phantse kuphela imithi nemisipres, maxa wambi kwenzeka Aspen kunye ezinde. Ngomhla ngaphandle imigxobhozo kwi kwimihlaba afanayo-podzolic ibekwe sphagnum nespruce kunye dolgomoshniki. Kodwa imilambo kweentili iimpawu bolotnotravnye nespruce ihlathi moss kunye alders obuthathaka kunye meadowsweet.

amahlathi ingxubevange

Endaweni ukugawula kunye ihlathi imililo kanye ngokugqibeleleyo athathelwa indawo iindawo ihlathi mixed zasesekondari apho kukhula Aspen, ezinde, alder, naye ngokuvelisa osisityebi undergrowth kunye umaleko enengca. Ke phakathi hardwoods baxomoloza eqhelekileyo, kunye Conifers. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko nespruce. Kungenxa kumahlathi mixed engasezantsi Karelia zinqabile apha Elm, Linden, maple.

nezimbuku

Malunga amathathu ekhulwini kummandla kwiriphabliki xa kuhlala umgxobhozo kunye nemigxobhozo, uhlobo mhlaba isici. Bona alternate ngamahlathi. Nezimbuku zahlulwe ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

1. uhlaza namathafa leyo zimelwe amatyholo, iingcongolo kunye sedge.
2. Inkangala, leyo bondliwa komoya. Apha zikhula aluhlaza, cranberries, cloudberries, rosemary zasendle.
3. nezimbuku ezidlulayo ukumela badibanise umdla kwezi ntlobo zimbini zokuqala.

Zonke kumgxobhozo ibukeka zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Eneneni, emachibini, wayisithelisa nezo ubulembu. Apha kukho nompleyini kunye neendawo ashiye izantyalantyala kunye yimithi encinane, phakathi leyo kwazo amile Emdaka duckweed.

beauty Karelia

Karelia - ezweni elihle ngokungaqhelekanga. Apha kumgxobhozo igcwala moss, ezinye ngamahlathi enyulu, iintaba ukunika indlela eya amathafa, iinduli ziphalale intle emangalisayo, umphezulu ezolileyo kwelwandle iba ehlokomayo yoba yimijelo, yimisinga edwaleni eselunxwemeni lolwandle.

Phantse i-85% yommandla - ihlathi Karelian. Kugcwele Conifers, kodwa kukho kwakhona amancinci-zodonga. Le Inkokeli singapheli kakhulu Karelian pine. Singene 2/3 zonke amahlathi. Ukukhula ezinjalo iimeko ezinzima, kuyimbono yabantu basekuhlaleni, iye iipropati impiliso ekhethekileyo, neyenza ezingqongileyo amandla, ukudinwa yaye akhawuleze ukucaphuka.

amahlathi Local elidume Karelian ezinde. Enyanisweni, kuba umthi kakhulu amancinci kunye ofana nabanye. Nangona kunjalo, iye yazuza udumo Bulelani ihlabathi ukuba nemithi yayo enamandla kakhulu aqinileyo, nto leyo efana naziiperile ngenxa mzobo engaqhelekanga.

amahlathi Karelian ezi ndawo ityebileyo kwizityalo ezingamayeza kunye ezityiwayo herbaceous kunye amatyholo. Kukho ubobo, iiblueberries, rasberries, amaqunube, cloudberries, cranberries kunye lingonberries. Kungaba okungalungile ukuba ukukhumbula amakhowa, nto leyo Karelia eninzi. Le yokuqala zivele ngoJuni, yaye ngoSeptemba, ixesha yokuqokelela nangeenkowane ngenjongo pickling - hamba volnushki, sinyushki, amakhowa.

uhlobo lomthi

Phezu babeziindleko Karelian ompayina, ogama ubudala ayikho ngaphantsi kweminyaka 300-350. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iisampulu abadala. ukuphakama yabo 20-25 okanye 35 eemitha. iinaliti Pine luvelisa eguquguqukayo, nto leyo ukubulala iintsholongwane. Ukongeza, ukuba uhlobo ezixabisekileyo kakhulu, nemithi yayo kulungile ukuba imikhumbi kunye nemisebenzi ezilula zokwakha. Kuba izithixo zingumthi kwincindi kufunxwa rosin kunye turpentine.

Xa amanzi uMarcial ekhula kakhulu a unique ngcu-osindileyo, ogama ubudala - iminyaka malunga engamakhulu amane. Uye wangena kwizintlu imithi ezinqabileyo. Kukho banentsomi yokuba nompleyini zityalwa uPetros I, kodwa ukuba uye uzithathele ingqalelo iminyaka yakhe, loo nto kusenokwenzeka, wakhula elide phambi kwelo xesha.

Ukongeza, e Karelia luyakhula nespruce eSiberia nabaqhelekileyo. Ngokwamanani elobulali ubomi iminyaka emibini okanye emakhulu mathathu, yaye ezinye siphile ngokuvisisana isiqingatha leminyaka ubudala ukuba, lo gama ekuphumezeni-35 ubude. Ubukhulu be umthi - malunga enye eemitha. iinkuni nespruce ilula kakhulu, phantse emhlophe, oko ithambe kakhulu kunye nokukhanya. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza iphepha ilungileyo. Nespruce eyaziwa ngokuba isityalo lomculo. Loo isihloko yena wafumana akukho ngengozi. Okungenamagingxi-gingxi phantse ogqibeleleyo iziqu zakhe kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izixhobo zomculo.

Emahlathini Karelian bafumana inyoka nespruce, nto leyo a lesikhumbuzo yendalo. Kubangel 'umdla omkhulu ukukhula kwiipaki.

Larch, eqhelekileyo Karelia, ochazwa ngokuba imithi coniferous, kodwa unyaka wonke laphalazwayo iinaliti zabo. Lo mthi ithathwa ngokuba ixesha elide, iminyaka ngenxa yokuba ubomi ukuya ku 400-500 (ukuphakama ukuya kwiimitha 40). Larch likhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu yaye yaziswa kuphela ngenxa nemithi yayo eqinileyo, kodwa nje ipaki inkcubeko.

In owomileyo nespruce kunye nompleyini amahlathi eninzi konwele, nto leyo evergreen ityholwana coniferous. Kuyinto umdla kungekuphela nje isityalo zokuhomba, kodwa nje iintlobo amayeza, kuba namaqunube yayo inezinto ezisetyenziswa amayeza emveli.

I Karelian ezinde bandile. Kukho umthi maxa wambi ebizwa ngokuba nguvulindlela, njengoko lokuqala lokusebenzisa naliphi na isithuba free. Birch uphila ixesha elifutshane - ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-80 ukuya kwi-100. Emahlathini kufikwa ukuphakama emashumi mabini anantlanu eemitha.