Amanqaku Pension - yintoni na le nto? Njengokuba iingongoma yomhlalaphantsi ethe?

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuphuculo pension lenze iinguqulelo ezininzi kangangokuba bamba uze ulahlekile amanani. Ngubani nokuba ingakanani kuyimfuneko? Abo kuqala wabuza lo mbuzo, kwangoko akhubeke phezu omnye umdla kakhulu definition: amanqaku yomhlalaphantsi. Yintoni na kwaye njani udibaniso ocetywayo kuthi ngurhulumente umhlalaphantsi wabo? Kule kwaye ningayenzi nje sithetha namhlanje.

Yintoni PKI nendlela ukubala yomhlala?

Kunye nokwamkelwa uMthetho Federal "Kwi Insurance Pensions" ebomini bethu bangena inkqubo entsha yokufumana imali "ngenxa yokwaluphala." Ke inani engamaphepha ezifunyenwe nguwe xa ubudala buthile, iya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kangangokuba phezu iminyaka inkunkuma, enkulu into ezifana amanqaku phantsi. Yintoni na?

Zonke amava azuzwe nguloo mntu ngexesha ekuqaleni iiyure X, aguqulwa abe ngamanqaku. ukuqokelelwa kwazo kuthiwa lomlingani yomhlalaphantsi ngamnye, olufinyeziweyo njengoko IPC. Ngoko ke, lo pension unalo kulandelayo:

P = F + H + B * Sat

• P - yomhlalaphantsi;
• F - imali esisigxina, ebekwe ngonyaka ngurhulumente;
• N - ngemali inxalenye yomhlalaphantsi abo banabo yakheke;
• B - inani leendawo yomhlalaphantsi;
• iindleko pension 1 manqaku kulo nyaka - Sat.

Xa lixesha umhlala

Ukuqalisa ubhaliso pension, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka ihlangabezane miqathango ilandelayo:

• uyilondolozele umhlala-phantsi esisigxina nguRhulumente;
• ukuba ngubani omkhulu uphawu lokungaphezu okanye lokulinganayo ubuncinane;
• amanqaku ubuncinane inani leendawo pension.

Ukuba ubuncinane omnye wemiqathango engonelisekanga, ummi kukho ezimbini:

• kuqhubeka ukusebenza logama nje yonke imiqathango ithotyelwe;
• isicelo PF ngenxa accrual of yomhlalaphantsi lwentlalo phambili afike kweminyaka emiselweyo (iminyaka 60/65 amabhinqa / amadoda, ngokulandelelanayo).

Ngolwangezelelo amanqaku yomhlalaphantsi lwenziwe ngonyaka ngamnye awusebenzileyo. Ngoko ke, kunokuba abantu kamva kuya ukwenza ngaphandle umhlalaphantsi, iindawo yena. Kodwa ke kukho kwakhona imida ubuncinane. Akukho manqaku - akukho pension. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umdaniso ubuncinane lingana 11.4, yaye ngowe-2025 eli xabiso iya kufikelela abaninzi kangangoko 30.

Ngokufanayo, kuyinciphise ziza kwandisa kwaye ubude womgangatho wenkonzo. Abo umhlala ngo-2017, ngokwaneleyo ukusebenza iminyaka-7, kwixesha elizayo eli nani iza kwandiswa ukuya kwi-15 kwaye ngo-2025 kuya kuthetha ukuba kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba eli xesha zifakiwe, yaye la maxesha:

• umthetho;
• emkhosini;
• ngqi yokukhubazeka;
• ilungelo;
• ixesha elichithwa kwi exchange yabasebenzi;
• ngaphezulu.

intlawulo Fixed kunye nobukhulu bayo

Ukuze siqonde indlela iingongoma yomhlalaphantsi ethe, makhe sijonge kwi Icandelo ngalinye zibandakanyiwe ifomula ngokwahlukeneyo.

Inani lokuqala - P, okt, i intlawulo esisigxina. It is a isixa esithile ezibekwe ngurhulumente kwaye komntu akuxhomekekanga ekuzithandeleni naziphi i parameters umsebenzi wakho. Ukususela ngo 2016 ubukhulu Iqinisekile ngokuqinileyo kwaye 4000 ngu 559 engange. Ngokufanayo, esisigxina kwamaxabiso ombane, nto leyo eya ngonyaka kwandisa eli nani. Nguye 1,04. Oko kukuthi, ngo-2017 isahlulo esisigxina kwi Ngokwefomyula yokubala umhlala na ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

4559 * 1.04 = 4741 (idenariyo ukuze alahliweyo lula).

Kukho kwakhona iindidi eziliqela, apho amazinga zokuzicingela:

• invalids eqela lokuqala;
• abantu, kubo "kunkqonkqoza" iminyaka engaphezu 80;
• kubasebenzi okanye ayehlala kule ndawo ekude ngasentla okanye lifike kuyo;
• kunye nelungu losapho oxhomekeke, ngenxa yezizathu zempilo abakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ngokuzimeleyo.

Indlela ukubala amanqaku?

Ngenxa yoko, amanqaku pension. Yintoni na, ngaphezulu okanye ecacileyo ngaphantsi. Apha ukubala njani inani labo? Yonke akulula kangako.

Lo mzobo lesibini ifomula wethu umi H, okanye inxalenye numbers ye pension. Ingaba Wayevela phi?

Kuba ixesha elithile ngoku abemi baseRashiya acelwa ukuba ukwakha umhlala-phantsi wakhe ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Kuphela kufumana i-inshorensi pension kunye nokudlulisela lasungulwa-16% omvuzo.
2. Yahlulwe iindidi ezimbini umhlala-phantsi. Ukwenza oku, i-10% yomvuzo idluliselwa nakwezona nxalenye inshorensi, yaye-6% okongezeleke kwi-akhawunti ekhethekileyo kunye nemali ukuze isixa lonyuselo. Le N. yethu

Phambi ko 2015, abemi Russian yavunyelwa ukukhetha uhlobo umhlala-phantsi iya kuba:

• inshorensi kuphela;
• + Ngemali-inshorensi.

Ukususela kwinyanga yokuqala ka-2015, i-amanqaku ngamnye kungabalelwa yi le ndlela ilandelayo:

B = (St / cm) 10 *

• SV - imirhumo ezidweliswe kwi-inshorensi inxalenye pension ukuya imivuzo (ngonyaka). ixabiso layo ixhomekeke umvuzo kunye yintoni kanye umntu unyule ipension.
• Jonga - inani eliphezulu kunokwenzeka yokuhlawula inshorensi epheleleyo rate (16%), igcinwe kunye vznosooblagaemoy imivuzo inkulu (isiseko).

Umzekelo yokubala

Makhe sizame ukubala ngokuzimeleyo amanqaku yomhlalaphantsi. Ukuba akukho nzima kangaka, oko kubonwa mzekelo ulandelayo:

K. umqeshwa umvuzo - amawaka 35 engange ngenyanga .. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunyaka lowo wamkela amawaka 420. Engange.

Umvuzo liphezulu zokubala iminikelo kwingxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi ngo-2017 ilingana 876 lamawaka engange Russian. Igalelo elivela kule baseline ngu:

876 000 * 16% = 140 160 engange. Oku Bona wethu.

ukhetho 1

Citizen K. wakhetha ukufumana inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi kuphela. Kulo mzekelo, umdibaniso iminikelo yonyaka-mali yomhlalaphantsi iya kuba:

St. = 420 000 * 16% = 67 200 engange.

Ngoku ukubala amanqaku yomhlalaphantsi kunyaka 2017:

B = (67 200/140 160) * 10 = 4.79

inketho 2

Bemi K. wakhetha umfuziselo olungumxube pension, kwaye ke uye inshorensi inxenye nesixhaswa ngemali. Kulo mzekelo:

St. = 420 000 * 10% = engange 42 000.

B = (42.000 / 140.160) * 10 = 2.997

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kukho inani leeyunithi ze score umhlalaphansi elizayo uzitsalele nangawuphi na unyaka. In izibalo yokuqala lobeko ngo-2017 i-nani 8.26, lo gama i-uguqulelo yesibini - 5.16. La manani ngokomlinganiselo utshintsho qho ngonyaka kwaye 2021 iza kuba 10 no 6.25 ngokulandelelanayo. Nokuba ukubala uya kufumana inani elikhulu, ziya kuthathelwa kuphela ingqalelo loo indicators.

Indlela yokubala amava "Soviet"?

Yaye kuthekani ngabo inxalenye yobomi bakhe wasebenza USSR? Indlela yokubala amanqaku ipension amava eSoviet? Yinto inzima kakhulu bonke. URhulumente uceba ukuguqula onke amalungelo pension abazifumene kwiminyaka edlulileyo.

Nantsi indlela yokwenjenjalo:

1. Zonke yomhlala efunyenwe phambi-2002, iguqulelwe elingana zemali. Xa oku ubalo lwenziwa phantsi icebo endala, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubude kwenkonzo kunye lwemivuzo iminyaka 5 elandelelanayo.
2. Eli nani liphindaphindwe (indexed) nge-10%. Abo babesebenza de 1991 ngonyaka ngamnye zizele added enye-1%.
3. Yonke iminikelo ihlawulwa kwi Pension Fund kwixesha 2002-2014 gg. esongezwa, yaye emva koko iphinda ngesazobe indexation. Ngenxa yoko, sifumana ikomkhulu pension ekuthiwa njalo-.
4. Ngoku eli xabiso lahlulwe ngenani 228 kunye nexabiso ku1, eyasekwa ngo-2015. Ngaloo mhla, omnye unit amanqaku pension "ixabiso" 64 engange kunye kopecks-10.

Nawe uyazi wena ukuba ukubala amanqaku ipension amava azuzwe kwi leSoviet, kunzima. Kodwa ukufumana ubuncinane i-nani nama- kakhulu esengqiqweni.

Imali eyongezelelweyo amanqaku

Kubomi somntu ngamnye kukho kakhulu isizathu esivakalayo ukuba ayisebenzi. Kwaye ngoku umthetho pension kuthatha oku ingqalelo. amanqaku pension eyongezelelweyo eliqokelelweyo abemi non-zokusebenza kwiimeko ezinjalo:

• ayeke emsebenzini ngokunxulumene kwenkathalo yomzali abakhubazekileyo iqela I - 1.8;
• abadlulayo ngonyaka ngamnye emkhosini (on call) - 1.8;
• iintsuku 365 yokunakekela umntwana abakhubazekileyo - 1.8
• ngonyaka epheleleyo ukukhathalela (iminyaka engaphezu 80 ubudala) abadala - 1.8;
• iintsuku 365 yokunakekela umntwana wokuqala - 1.8;
• ixesha elifanayo ukunyamekela usana yesibini - 3.6;
• ngokuba abantwana yesithathu ezilandelayo - 5.4.

Kufuneka kwakhona Mayisoloko ikhunjulwa into yokuba amanqaku yomhlalaphantsi kongezelelwa yokukhathalela abantwana, zibalwa ngokusekelwe yintoni ikhefu yiminyaka enye enesiqingatha. Umzekelo, umama ekhulisa abantwana bakhe abane, kuya kufuneka ngokuzenzekela ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi:

1,8h1,5 3,6h1,5 + + + 5,4h1,5 5,4h1,5 = 24.3 amanqaku.

Ukuze ufaneleke ukuba ubhaliso ye pension oko sizakugqibezela kakhulu kancinane. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, unina, unyusa amawele okanye ezintathu, uya kufumana amanqaku ezongezelelweyo ukuze zombini usana. Oku kungenxa kule etyaleni alisayi kuwathathela ngqalelo inani labantwana, kwaye ixesha umama wam zange ukusebenza ngenxa yokuba wanyamekela kubo.

Ngendlela, ukuba ngoxa lwabantwana ngexesha leeholide abantu abasebenza part-time, ungakhetha amanqaku aya kusetyenziswa "ukulinganisa": emsebenzini, okanye ukuba umntwana.

Yintoni linqaku yomhlala ngoku?

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ngo-2015 i "ixabiso" lemali ye pension 1 amanqaku busisigxina kwinqanaba 64,10 engange. Kodwa inyanga kamva, eli nani isalathisi yaye yaba 71,41 engange Russian. Ngonyaka February 1, eli nani ngakumbi zoMqulu ngumlingani ekhethekileyo elingana 1.04. Kulula ukuba ukubala ukuba ngo-2017 ixabiso ingongoma enye ilingana kulondolozo yomhlalaphantsi:

74,3 * 1,04 = 77,3 engange.
Ngoku unayo yonke idatha ukubala yomhlalaphantsi kulindeleke. Kodwa ukuba awufuni ukuba ukubambana zonke ezi zibalo, azi ukuba kukho enye indlela elula kakhulu ukubala ngayo amanqaku yomhlalaphantsi. Ukuze wenze oku, yiya kweli ziko lewebhu le-Pension Fund ka-Russia, ukuya kwi "Akhawunti Zakho" kwaye usebenzise wokubala pension. Faka yonke ingcaciso efunekayo, aniyi imizuzwana embalwa kunokuba ukufumana isixa ngqo umhlala-phantsi yabo kwezo.