Hero eSoviet Union Dolina UMariya Ivanovna

IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic ushiye inzala ezininzi amagama amakhulu labaqhubi Soviet. Omnye wabo - Dolina nguMariya Ivanovna. Waye bawongwa isihloko Hero eSoviet Union waza wawongwa Order of Lenin kunye Red Banner.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Wazalwa Dolina UMariya Ivanovna ngoDisemba 18, 1922 Sharovka - kwilali imi kummandla eOmsk. Abazali bakhe abalimi abaqhelekileyo eSiberia kunye nemvelaphi Ukrainian. uyise wentombazana owalwa kwiMfazwe Civil and balahlekelwa imilenze yakhe.

Ngenxa ukukhubazeka umondli, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela kummandla Zaporizhzhya, apho le ntombazana izidanga ukusuka kwibanga ezisibhozo kwizikolo ezizisekondari. Umntwana usoloko nomtsalane moya. Ngowe-1939, uye waphumelela kuqeqesho Kherson ukundiza esikolweni. Ukuze baye kufika apho, uMariya Ivanovna Dolina isongeza yobudala iminyaka emibini, ukuze onke amaxwebhu asemthethweni unyaka wokuzalwa kwakhe belubhiyozelwa njengoko th 1920. zijike Loo abaninzi oontanga bakhe, ingakumbi yaqala xa imfazwe, kunye ofisi isosha yasemkhosini bengakwazi ukuba wonke umntu abe ngaphambili.

The Red Army

Ngokungafaniyo namanye amaqhawe ezininzi imfazwe, waba emkhosini kuphela ngenxa uhlaselo Wehrmacht, Dolina uMariya Ivanovna leMfundo lizifumane zonke izakhono eziyimfuneko loxolo. Emva kokuphumelela kwisikolo Aviation e Kherson, waqalisa ukusebenza njengoko umqhubi umfundisi Osoaviahima. Ndahlala Dnepropetrovsk kunye Nikolaev.

Xa ngo-1941 imfazwe, Dolina uMariya Ivanovna njenge ingcali exabisekileyo nangoko yafakwa kwi-Red Army. Okokuqala umfazi ekulweni 587th bomber kwithala. kumatshini zawo zokulwa yaba moya "Pe-2." Yaba bomber emanzini, iphuhliswe i Kazan Aviation izityalo.

On the Patriotic Great

umqhubi wakhe wokuqala sortie eyenziwe kummandla Stalingrad, apho bayahlelwa imfazwe ngeendlela ezininzi. Koko Maria Valley odlula ukusuka phambili ukuya ngaphambili. Yena ukwenzile ekulweni ezithile esibhakabhakeni Kuban, Northern Caucasus kunye Kursk. Ngelo isigaba sokugqibela umqhubi kwempi wathabatha inxaxheba kwinkululeko le Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic kunye aseBalti.

Ezandleni olukwaziyo "Pe-2" yaba isixhobo obulalayo ngqo belinye German. A UMariya Ivanovna Dolina, kwaba yobungcali lokwenyaniso, nangona ubudala bakhe abaselula kakhulu. Phantse wonke sortie wakhe yaphela na ilahleko kwinkampu yotshaba. I "Pe-2" Mary Valley kwakungekho Umatiloshe ngaphantsi brilliant - Galina Dzhunkovsky.

I-125-m kwithala mboni

Ngowe-1943, uMariya Dolina lifumene njengengqesho entsha. Waye waba isekela ingqwayi-125 Guards bomber butho ababhinqileyo. Ngelo xesha ke ukubunjwa wamajoni wafumana igama lomnye pilot Soviet odumileyo - Mariny Raskovoy, owafa kufuphi Saratov abaleka phezu ngaphambili.

Pilot webutho, leyo wakhonza njengoko uMariya Dolina, yokonakalisa izixhobo, lokuSetyenziswa kwaMandla oLuntu kunye iindlela utshaba ngasechwebeni iVolga River, apho ngo-1943 kwakukho ingxaki kulo lonke Enkulu Patriotic War. "Pe-2" yanika kwizixekoapho kwamatanki Soviet ngexesha Battle adumileyo Kursk.

Yilwa phezu iCrimea

Phantse zonke selinge IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic kwabakho ukulwa namaFilisti ukuba wayeza kuba yakutshanje. I saba siganeko kunye Dolina uMariya Ivanovna. Pilot wanikwa umsebenzi ukutshabalalisa ekujoliswe eziliqela kufuphi elalini Kuban Cossack ebizwa eCrimea. Esibhakabhakeni phezu kwale ndawo Juni 2, 1943 "sokubambisa" yayo wafumana umonakalo ebonakalayo - isiqwengana iqokobhe anti-moya hit omnye iinjini.

UMariya Dolina wakhokela ikhonkco butho ngasekhohlo. Ngelo xesha, xa lo mgomo ngeenxa nje ekoneni, injini yemoto baqala ukubaleka rough. Le ndiza yaqala ukuya zingalahlekanga. Eli qela entilini emva butho ephambili, phakathi koko waphumeza isabelo sakhe. Kodwa kule matshini karhulumente abasebenzi waqhubeka ukulwa. ekujoliswe Ground zaye ATM, kwaye injongo ebekwe yi umyalelo, uyabulawa. Endleleni ebuyela, "Pe-2" bafika phantsi umlilo ezininzi nabalwi ezintsha German.

Xa dabi gunner ukuba "Pe-2" Uphelelwe Ammo. Valley kwezi meko wagqiba ukunciphisa. Kule sikhundla, oko wabanjwa kunye enye "Messers". Lo moya babesondele, ukuze ukuba ilinge wabona ubuso kotshaba waseJamani. Esebenzisa ifestile Uwangawangisile Valley, enye yokuqala uze iminwe emibini. Umfazi zange baqonde ukubaluleka senzo. Kuphela ke Ndamchazela ukuba umqhubi waseJamani ngobubele wabuza bangaphi ubiza nokuthoba emotweni yakhe. Kodwa akukho nto yenzekayo. Xa crew ekrakra kokulwa Valley yeni utshaba "Mna-109" noFW-190.

Nangona kunjalo, eSoviet "Pe" uqale umlilo. Valley akamfanyekiswa ngomlilo kuba nje ixesha Galina Dzhunkovsky unxibe iindondo zakhe (abaqhubi izandla babexakeke lonke ixesha). UMariya afike ngokungummangaliso moya iikhilomitha nje ezimbini ukusuka ngaphambili. Kamsinya nje yabelungu Wakhawulezisa washiya imoto, yalephuza.

e Belarus

Total UMariya Ivanovna Dolina emfazweni baqhube nokuhlasela 72. Xa nomkhosi wabakhulula Belarus, aviatrix ukubalula imisebenzi embalwa ingakumbi eqaqambileyo nempumelelo emoyeni. Ngokomzekelo, ngoJulayi 26, 1944 kuba wayechithe icandelo kaloliwe abaluleke kufuphi Orsha, apho amaJamani ezisetyenziselwa ukuthutha izibonelelo.

oololiwe abaninzi iimbumbulu kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ebezihamba uMariya Ivanovna Dolina. Photo of a pilot umlweli oselula udubuleke umatshini yiSoviet ngasemva kwaye ngaphambili. Utyeshelo yayo indodo baboniswa kulo lonke ilizwe njengemizekelo nesibindi ukuqeqesheka.

Ngexesha ukulwa phezu Belarus Borisov Valley abahlali yabasebenzi yaphosa pennant nge leta. Le leta wabongoza pilot amanye ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza kwidolophu. Xa, emva kweminyaka eli-15, abahlali Borisov ephawulwe isikhumbuzo iphumile, iintatheli basekuhlaleni wakhumbula malunga pennant ngocwangcisa. Baba omninzi ukufumana uMariya Valley, ngelo xesha ndingafaneleki aseBalti. Abasebenzi iphephandaba Belarusian nodliwano eziliqela kunye aviatrix odumileyo. kamva Le ncoko abhalwe yenza isiseko zezincoko buqu malunga Marii Dolinoy.

emva kwemfazwe,

Emva kokoyiswa Jamani ngo-Agasti 1945, i-Valley ifumene isihloko kakuhle kufaneleyo of Hero eSoviet Union. Umfazi wagqiba kwelokuba nihlale Air Force. Phambi ko-1950, waba isekela alimwi a eSoviet regiments air bomber. Kule minyaka ingama-28 washiya stock.

Emsebenzini ixesha olandelayo kwi Communist Party indlela enye, leyo unyule Dolina nguMariya Ivanovna. Hero of yiSoviet Union wahlala kwisixeko Lithuanian ka Siauliai, apho waphumelela Party School. Kwi-60 yangaphambili aviatrix wayesebenza kuloo maziko Latvian le CPSU waza wahlala Riga. Wonyulwa ukuba Central kwiKomiti basekuhlaleni Communist Party.

Ukususela ngo-1983, uMariya Dolina wahlala Kiev. Emva kokuwa yiSoviet Union ifumene ubumi Ukrainian. Wafa eyayiseKiev Matshi 3, 2010 eneminyaka engama-87. Le yokungcwaba indawo pilot abadumileyo waba bendawo amangcwaba flannelette.