Xa wazalwa waza wafa Nekrasov NA? Ziziphi nyaka wazalelwa Nekrasov?

UNikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov - yenye amazwi eliligugu iincwadi Russian. akazange nje ngumvakalisi ngempumelelo kunye nombhali ethile ekhethekileyo kwintsingiselo yalo kunye nokubaluleka nemibongo malunga amabhinqa. UNikolai yaba usomashishini osakhasayo idumileyo zoncwadi ngubani eqokelele imisebenzi edume ezibhalwe ngababhali aphambili ixesha ekupapashweni kwayo osihloko sithi "Contemporary". Yaye abafundi abaninzi babe nomdla ukwazi xa wazalwa waza wafa Nekrasov, izibakala ezisisiseko ngobomi bakhe nobomi yokuluka.

Ebuntwaneni, okanye abafazi ungonwabi share

Uyise Z yaba igosa elivela umkhaya ompofu amanene, kunye nomama wam, Alexandra Andreevna Zakrevskaya, wazalwa e Warsaw kwaye intombi ecebe yenkosi. Yena ufumana imfundo esemgangathweni kakhulu kwaye noqeqesho ezigqwesileyo. Abazali bakhe, Kakade ke, bafuna umtshato kunye negosa ongafundanga. Kodwa atshate ngokuchasene iminqweno kayise nonina. Eneneni, le manyano kwaba nelishwa. Ekuqaleni babehlala Podolia, apho Nekrasov wazalwa ngo-1821 nge-22 Novemba.

Nicholas ukususela ebuntwaneni wabona ukubandezeleka nonina, mhlawumbi ke lona isizathu ukubhala imibongo ezininzi ezimangalisayo abafazi. Yonke le misebenzi ndizuze udumo kakhulu. Xa wazalwa ezincinane Nekrasov, Aleksey Sergeyevich, uyise wembongi leyo, umhlala-phantsi. Yaye kungekudala waya umfazi wakhe kunye nomntwana kwilifa usapho. Apho waya kulo lonke ebuntwaneni UNikolai.

Ukufudukela eSt Petersburg, okanye intlanganiso neengxaki zokuqala

Nekrasov eselula kakhulu (wayemalunga elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala) ngenkankulu wafudukela eSt Petersburg. Xa ke yokubhala lwemibongo bakhe, yaye ke ukuba nozuko imbongi beze kuye ngokwalo. Eneneni, unyaka UNikolai wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala vesi osihloko sithi "Amaphupha izandi", kodwa zange landela impumelelo.

Le ndoda yazama ukuba ivolontiya e St. Petersburg University, yaye oku elifutshane baphila kakhulu njengoko ngeprojekthi yakhe yasilela. Ubomi kakhulu, kwaye Nekrasov, iminyaka embalwa ulibele ubizo lwakhe phezulu. Waqala ukubhala kwiimagazini nakumaphephandaba ezahlukeneyo imbalelwano, ngoko babandakanyeka vaudeville kunye iprozi. Baba kubomi UNikolai kwiminyaka enzima kakhulu. Xa wazalwa wafa Nekrasov, Ndifunda, Kakade ke, umdla, kwaye nantso indlela wakwazi ukuba imbongi odumileyo? Mhlawumbi ke le ngcaciso iya nomtsalane kubafundi abaninzi.

Imveliso ye lwencwadi kunye ngano

ubomi Z zaguquka kwiminyaka embalwa. Ngowe-1845 yena, kunye Ivanom Panaevym, umbhali owaziwa Russian, bapapasha anthology volume-mbini "Physiology of Petersburg". Kwaye zilinde i impumelelo enkulu. Ngokuqinisekileyo Amaqhawe matsha entlalo kwakukho umfundi Russian. Aba abalinganiswa zothando, hayi iinqununu, kunye nabahlali eziqhelekileyo St. Petersburg: izisuli, iziko-iintokazi ezisilayo, abo edandathekileyo nabadinga novelwano.

Xa wazalwa Nekrasov, ngelishwa, umxholo serfdom kunye ikukunyasha amalungelo ndoda eyayiqhelekile esasebenza. Ngoko ke, kwafuneka ukuba Ukugunda kakhulu eli hlelo. emva konyaka, yaye UNikolai Panaev uye phambili. Baya kuthenga amalungelo ukupapasha ulindixesha "Contemporary". Loo Almanac, leyo kwiminyaka wokuzalwa NA Nekrasov, waba phantsi kolwalathiso Aleksandra Pushkina. Yiyo le magazini, ngoku phantsi kolawulo Ivana Ivanovicha Panaeva kunye Z wakhe, uncwadi olutsha Russian iqala.

imiyalelo emitsha kwiphephancwadi, okanye ngumzabalazo wenkululeko yomntu

Xa wazalwa Nekrasov uNikolay Alekseevich, kwaye kule minyaka ilandelayo, iimbongi abaninzi ababhali baye bangenwa ngumoya yomzabalazo wenkululeko yomntu ngamnye mntu. Kwaye ngoko UNikolai kudala uhlobo olutsha umhleli, waqala ukufundisa uluntu ngomoya anti-yedemokhrasi bahlanganisana amandla okukhulu zoncwadi kwijenali yakhe.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-1850 Nekrasov bayamenywa ukuba i "Contemporary" Nikolaya Gavrilovicha Chernyshevskogo kunye UNikolai Alexandrovich Dobrolyubova. Nangona abasebenzi ubudala abavumi ngoku lowu olukhulu lwenzelwe isizukulwana esitsha yolutsha, yaye ukusasazwa layo linyuke kakhulu. Kodwa ke ngo-1862 urhulumente wagqiba kwelokuba ukuxhoma imisebenzi "Contemporary".

Indlela ukuba odumileyo, okanye upapasho kwi kumaphepha lwencwadi

Ukususela ngo-1847 zonke iincwadi Russian ukhangeleka iingqameko ukuba kwisangqa kufutshane kakhulu nabo. Nabani na umazi ngexesha wokuzalwa NA Nekrasov, ukuba emva kokuba isibini amashumi eminyaka ukuba umbhali odumileyo okanye imbongi, kuya kufuneka ukuba ubonise ngqangi kuye okanye Panayev. Kwaye ukuba ufana iintloko ezimbini "Contemporary", uya kuza uzuko.

Phakathi ababhali ayesaziwa kwaye Ivan Goncharov ukuba umsebenzi wakhe "Ibali Ordinary" yapapashwa amaphepha anthology "Contemporary". efanayo Le nakuwo Fedora Mihaylovicha Dostoevskogo, leyo kwavuleka umfundi ngenxa yokuba eli phephancwadi.

Minyaka, nto leyo eye yazisa udumo ukuba imbongi

Loo nto inika umdla gqitha ukwazi xa wazalwa waza wafa Nekrasov, kodwa xa yena waye imbongi odumileyo? Kodwa udumo kwafika kuye yoo-1840s. Kodwa akazange ezithile. iindinyana ezininzi kakhulu UNikolai kwabonakala eyothusayo. Kwakufuneka Imizobo embalwa kakhulu, ubume kunye neengcinga eziphakamileyo ezinxulumene nobuhle njalo njalo. Nekrasov uyacula iimeko ikakhulu mihla elula ngemihla.

Noko ke, UNikolai ngokwakhe wema ukuba imibongo yanamhlanje ayikwazi yaye kufuneka ungabi zaziwa ezintle. Ukuba umfundi uya kukhumbula ukuba nyaka wazalelwa Nekrasov, uya kuqonda ukuba iyadi ixesha eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, inzima ngokwaneleyo, nto leyo endinga ethile izibongo. Kwaye ke inkalo ebalulekileyo umbhali lwamazwi - le ndaba kunye satires, eqhotyoshelwe mhaka leyi. Umnqweno ukuze kuboniswe ubunyani phantse ingxelo nje umlando, waba uphawu isimbo esitsha.

The main izisusa Imbongi lyric

Nekrasov uvule kubunyani entsha ngokupheleleyo wedolophu ngenxa Russian lyrics. Xa kwisihobe UNikolai okokuqala wabonisa iinkcukacha zemihla ngemihla ngabantu abaqhelekileyo. Kwaye, kunjalo, amazwi zomculo wakhe ongaqhelekileyo. Phantse yonke imveliso uyakwazi uzive ezinye keynotes ezikhethekileyo.

Akukho kuphela mihla, kodwa xa yena wazalwa waza wafa Nekrasov, ubomi babantu ezidolophini nasemaphandleni yayahluke ngokupheleleyo. UNikolai, owabona ubomi kwiikona ezahlukeneyo, waqala ukumphikisa naye ngemisebenzi yakhe. Kwaye ukuba oku ingongoma ebalulekileyo apha amazwi ka UNikolai.

Uphuhliso ngeendlela zobuchule

Ethetha imbali Nekrasov njenge imbongi, sinako phawula izihlandlo ezithathu eziphambili. Eyokuqala mfutshane kakhulu. Nguwo lo mzuzu xa kupapashwa ingqokelela 'Amaphupha izandi ". Eli xesha, xa uzama ukubhala Nekrasov, Pushkin. Ukwazi Nekrasov wazalelwa yintoni nyaka, umfundi uya kuqonda ukuba impembelelo yemisebenzi Pushkin ngelo xesha wawumkhulu kakhulu. Ke ezinye nemibongo yakhe yokuqala UNikolai wada abacatshulwe Alexander Sergeyevich.

Ithuba lesibini ingqamana usuku release ekukhanyeni le anthology "Physiology of Petersburg". Apha Nekrasov babhala izincoko komzimba, imifanekiso ezithile isitalato, kwaye ngoku umfundi thaca imbongi eyahlukileyo kakhulu. Sele uyazi ukuba uqinisekise ukuba ukubhala, impembelelo Pushkin kaThixo wanyamalala. Unomdla bayahlelwa isibhovubhovu; abahlelelekileyo, ubomi babo obulula, njalo njalo. Kwaye kwixesha wesithathu, ungabona indlela UNikolai waba imbongi kakhulu, ngubani na nomkhuseli yabantu, imbongi-mlilo.

Ungaze kuqatshelwe impilo entle, UNikolai wayegula okokugqibela ngo-1877 waza wafa kungekudala emva koko. Nangona kuneqabaka eziqatha, esemayo ngemini emngcwabeni wakhe, ukuba kuthi ndlela-ntle kulowo isixa esikhulu abantu. Bonke abantu baqonda yokuhlupheka ilahleko noqhekeko iincwadi Russian kunye lususela khona olu uMdali omkhulu.