Features Macquarie Island: geographical indawo, uhlobo kunye nemozulu

Kummandla Australia iziqithi amakhulu eziliqela. Macquarie - omnye wabo. Isiqithi ayihlalwa, oko umiwe yoonombombiya kuphela kunye yezimvu. iimpawu Pro Macquarie Island , bona kamva kweli nqaku.

Beka siqithi

Macquarie - indawo encinane, side yomhlaba Pacific Ocean. Xa uhlobo kufana iphaphazelise uxande kwithishyu. Ubude bayo ngu-34 km, ububanzi kweekhilomitha ezi-5. indawo Macquarie Island 128 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Ingongoma iphezulu ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle ifikelela iimitha 420.

Elulawulweni Macquarie iphathelene Tasmania, nangona malunga 1500 km kude. Isiqithi ibekwe phakathi Tasmania ne Antarctica. Malunga 30 km ukusuka Macquarie Island amaqela amabini ziziqithi amancinci: uMgwebi UMabhalane, Bishop kunye uNobhala. Nqabakazi Bishop-and-unobhala yinxalenye kummango kwamanzi mlilo ngokobume bobabo aManyeneyo Australia. Kukho kwakhona kwindawo yomzantsi Australia.

Kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, kungquzulwano ye-Pacific and Indo-Australian ziitectonic plates kwamanzi negalelo lokusekwa kummango, umphezulu yayo Macquarie. I siqithi - a weGolise ngokwenene zokwakheka komhlaba, ophiolite kuba ibekwe. Kubalulekile kwakhona indawo kuphela kolwandle apho ematyeni ingubo ezivelileyo ngaphezu komphakamo wamanzi. Ngenxa isakhiwo yawo eyodwa zejoloji Macquarie olukhuselwa yi-UNESCO mbutho ukususela 1997.

indaba

Izazinzulu lubonisa ukuba abemi yokuqala siqithi angaba Polynesians kwi XIII-XIV eminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, akukho bungqina ngqo oku, ngoko ke discoverers zokuqala Australian Macquarie Island, kodwa kuthiwa abaMhlophe. It, singalindelanga, ngowe-1810 wafumana Frederic Hasselboro, aye afune yokuhlala zamanzi. Ukufumana kwisiqithi entlango, a wamazwe waseBritani ebizimisele yona mmandla of South Wales ogama lakhe behlonipha i-Welsh Leknela Governor Macquarie.

Ngowe-1820, Arctic Explorer Faddey Bellinsgauzen (discoverer of Antarctica) kudale imaphu yokuqala Macquarie Island. Ukukhomba indawo ilizwe 'Ncwadi apha utsale abazingeli yoonombombiya kunye amatywina. Ke inani lezilwanyana abaku kwindawo ezibalulekileyo.

Ngowe-1890, esi siqithi yanikwa Tasmania, noYohane Ukuqandusela eqeshwe iinjongo zoshishino. Ngo-1911 i-siqithi yaba isiseko hambo uphando Australian, elikhokelwa Douglas Mawson. Kamva, Macquarie waba yolondolozo lwendalo elawulwa yi Tasmania ngowe-1972, wafumana iwonga kukarhulumente.

Isiqithi likhankanywe encwadini "Ukuya futhi ukuzulazula olukude," epapashwe ngo-1912. Umbhali yi Dzhon Tompson. Ngenxa yale nqanawa, wahamba Macquarie waza wahlala apho iinyanga 4. Ngokutsho legend, Thompson baya kwisiqithi ukuze ubutyebi obufihliweyo.

Imozulu kunye nesimo sendawo

iimeko zemozulu Macquarie Island akazange avumele British ngenkulungwane XIX ukuseka yokuhlala esisigxina kuyo. Ulwandle ongqonge ukwenza imozulu kwi siqithi zazinzima kakhulu. Lubonakala njengoko sub-Antarctic ifumile. Apha kulawula imimoya (rhoqo zinjengesaqhwithi), inkungu kunye nemvula. Imvula yonyaka malunga 1000 mm yemvula.

cloudiness olomeleleyo akavumi ukukhanya ukuba nempumelelo. Inani leeyure sunny ngonyaka ngu 856 ngaphantsi kwe inani phakathi iziqithi bobabo kuphela Faroe Islands. -Zero komndilili weqondo lobushushu ngoJulayi ka izidanga malunga 4.9 kunye degrees 6.5 kobushushu ngoNovemba.

Le ugu kwamagingxi empumalanga kwaye lungqamane kancinane kunye coves kunye zokupaka ukuya ngasentshona. kunxweme enamatye siqithi kwamanzi bazimele. Macquarie ukhandwa umhlaba ezimbini kwicala lasemzantsi kwaye emantla, edityaniswe ezinkqantosini Isthmus. Le mathafa ibekwe kwintaba ephakame malunga 100-200 neemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Elder Mountain, Fletcher kunye Hamilton yeyona ndawo iphezulu.

Abemi kunye photo Macquarie Island

sezulu Ukhohlakele kunye nomgama elingeneyo nemisinga wenza siqithi ungakuvumeli ukuba ubomi babantu. Okwangoku, uluntu asisigxina siqithi abantu zero. Ezi nketho bangabasebenzi ANARE abahlala apha okwethutyana.

Ezi abemi siqithi - ukuba penguins. Macquarie kuzo abantu abangama-80 000 lamawaka. Le zezilwanyana imelwe ezisoloko zikho cormorants Macquarie Island, zimvu sub-Antarctic. zaselwandle ngaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo-13.

Izihluma Macquarie Island iyafana njengotyani emazantsi New Zealand. Ngokusisiseko, oko baphazanyiswa ingca kunye ulele. iintlobo zemithi abangekhoyo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa elandayo inxaxheba iintlobo mgxobhozo.

Impembelelo yabantu

nyaka ngamnye inani iindawo engazani nandoda siya ezincinane. Esi siqithi Australian ayekwazi, wamkhusela ababenakho ngoncedo iimeko ezinzima zendalo. Kodwa le ndoda waza apha.

Abantu abafika kuloo siqithi, wamngenisa kuye iimpuku, imivundla kunye neekati, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni sisihelegu langoku. Izilwanyana badla izityalo zengingqi unique, ukunciphisa ukuba phantse isiqingatha. Loo nto, kukhokelele ukhukuliseko lomhlaba kunye landslides. Cats batshabalalisa iintaka malunga 60,000 ngonyaka.

Ngo-2012, izilwanyana ngaphandle phantse isuswe siqithi. Ukususa imivundla kwaba kakhulu nzima ukuba abanye abantu bafumane ngamaxesha athile kwaye.