Wamazwe Australia: ulwazi olusisiseko

Wamazwe Australia (njengelizwe eyahlukileyo) waqalisa indlela yayo yimbali ngosuku lokuqala zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini - okokuqala ngoJanuwari 1901. Yiyo lo mhla kuphelelwe isaziso Australia Federation ngamathanga. Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva, i-Commonwealth ka-Australia wafumana iwonga lulawulo yaseBritani.

Dominion Institute 'yasungulwa "kwi izibilini nkqubo angaphandle kwisebe yoBukhosi British kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba emva kwexesha. Ukulindela ukuba ubukhosi ngxilimbela, kuhlala kukho inani elikhulu izithethe ezingaqhelekanga IsiNgesi kwamaqela eentlanga ayikwazi khona ixesha elide, kwezinye iindawo, kwagqitywa ukukhulula "Unyamezelo". Okokuqala, izenzo ezintsha ezinxulumene kwimimandla apho labemi nakolu okanye ebonakalayo kunamaYurophu sinyanisekile nkqubo Office Foreign. Kufunyenwe negunya isimo kurhulumente ingqalelo amandla isithsaba IsiNgesi, kodwa ezintweni zolawulo lwangaphakathi (yaye kamva kule nkqubo angaphandle) yaba elizimeleyo.

Lufikelele kuwe olwangaphambili ulawulo yaseBritani yaqala ngo-1867, eKhanada, aManyeneyo Australia engowesibini. Emva koko ibilithuba New Zealand, iManyano yoMzantsi Afrika kunye Ireland. Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II waqalisa "kuluhlu sovereignties", yaye xa ngowe-1949, i "spin-off" India wathi ngokwalo uyiRhiphablikhi, ushiyiwe nkqu ngamandla olusesikweni koBukhosi baseBritani, igama elithi "Dominion" wagqiba ukunikela up.

State of Australia uthatha nezwekazi eponymous, kwisiqithi Tasmania kwaye inani elikhulu kwiziqithi ezincinane kunye nemisele kuMzantsi wePasifiki namaLwandlekazi Indiya. Mpumalanga ubuxoki eshushu imozulu, kuphela nje encinci mpuma inxulumene sezulu. Yona saka, ngoko, mhlawumbi, onke amazwekazi kakhulu obungabangeli mdla - kuba Australia. Esimi yelizwekazi ilula kwaye nabalulamileyo: zonke kunxweme olusempuma - Great ukulahlula Range, lo gama phantse bonke abanye ummandla ekuhlala amathafa, ngokuba ubukhulu becala - entlango.

uqoqosho yindawo ebalulekileyo I-Commonwealth kaThixo kuhlala kwemigodi, apho ilizwe esisityebi kunene. Ukongeza, iindawo kunye kwimozulu epholileyo, kukho iimeko ezilungileyo wokufama. La mabini amacandelo ezoqoqosho abagqibayo e-Australia de kube sekupheleni Second World War. Lwakugqitywa yayo kwendyebo industrial kweli lizwe.

Ngoku Australia onceda abantu imikhumbi, ubunjineli KwezoMbane nobuNjineli zothutho (ngoko kuqala kwiinto zonke, na imveliso iinqwelo kaloliwe kuthutho imfuyo iimveliso zezolimo).

inkqubo yerhafu Australian luphawulwa yokuba abahlali Commonwealth bahlawule irhafu kungakhathaliseki ukuba umthombo yengeniso. Oko kukuthi, umhlali nga imali eRashiya okanye Mexico, kodwa kufuneka uhlawule irhafu kunjalo Australia. Ukunqanda Irhafu kabini , uRhulumente uye wangena izivumelwano kumazwe awahlukeneyo angaphezu kwamashumi amane.

uqoqosho Australia ukususela ekuqaleni 90 senkulungwane lokugqibela babengazi ukuba yintoni recession, izinga lentswela lingaphantsi kwe amahlanu ekhulwini (futhi kuyaphela ukuncipha phambili), lo gama kwamaxabiso ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ekhulwini ngonyaka. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi ezahlukeneyo, inqanaba kunye nomgangatho wobomi Australia - kumazwe amahlanu phezulu. Lo mfanekiso babenethemba ngasekhohlo ongeze eshushu, ngobubele womntu. Yaye nantsi into - Australia lonke uzuko lwayo.