Ubukrwada - yintoni na le nto? definition Ixabiso kunye ntonye elithi "ubukrwada"

"Ubukrwada" - a ilizwi lakhe imvelaphi inemvelaphi kwimbali, xa script yaba lwepaki. imilinganiselo yakhe yokuqala ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukususela namhlanje, ngenxa yokuba uninzi lweengcamango ngelo xesha akazange ayisekho kwaphela. Nakule yonke ulwimi Russian kunqabile ukufumana igama ukuba yonke iminyaka kuthatha intsingiselo entsha.

ulwazi zembali

kwafika ilizwi evela isenzi 'ukuya' yaye de ngenkulungwane ye-17 kwakuthetha besive elidlulileyo. Kuye kusetyenziswe amaxabiso ezifana endala, original, unikelo, irhafu. Nokuza ku namandla tsar uPetros ndatshintsha isimo ukuya kwixesha elidlulileyo, yaye igama "anento yokwenza" ifumene intsingiselo eyahlukileyo kancinane, umlinganiswa ezimbi. Kukho inkcazelo yayo ezifana njengengabalulekanga, esindayo, ephantsi, eqhelekileyo. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, edume nzulu Russian kunye nombhali Vladimir Dal, umdali "acacisayo Dictionary ulwimi Russian", wongezelela ubukrwada entsha yelizwi, uninzi lwazo ezisetyenziswa kule mini. Ngoko kukho "anento yokwenza" ingqiqo "ngamanyala," "akruqulayo," "ezingenamsebenzi." Iifom gama usebenzisa ziba "anento yokwenza", "poshlyachka", "tacky".

Xa i SM isincoko Solovyov malunga ababhali benkulungwane ye-18 saphawula ukuba eli xesha nyangweni kukulahlwa lokugqibela yamandulo, njengokuba ukusetyenziswa gama idla wafihla iintshukumisa zabo ukwanelisa. Abaxhasi ezintsha wayekholelwa ukuba ubukrwada - oko konke oko kude kwimboniselo ehlabathini imiba ye nekamva eliqaqambileyo.

Kwizichazi magama ezininzi "ubukrwada" liyalahleka de 18 - kwenkulungwane ye-19. Angatshintshiyo ku xesha lakalokunje, kukho kuphela enye nezakhiwo zawo gama - "duty", ithetha irhafu okanye umrhumo.

Igama elithi "ubukrwada" kwi ncwadi

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, igama elithi "anento yokwenza" ifumene ukuzalwa yesibini, kwaye ngokubanzi kuphela ngabantu abaqhelekileyo kodwa ababhali ezaziwayo-kakuhle yaye iimbongi kwiincwadi zakhe, uninzi lwazo baba ziyahlonelwa iincwadi Russian. De kube oku xesha wasebenzisa Isichazi "anento yokwenza", apho Kongezelelwa isimamva "-st", kwaye ethandwa kule mini eli lizwi,. Ababhali abafana Pet Andreevich Vyazemsky, uNikolay Vasilevich Gogol, badla ithethwe wakhe omkhulu nabo ababhali Alexander Pushkin, Vasily Zhukovsky, kusetyenziswa imbono ye "ubukrwada". Ukuvakalisa uluvo, akuchaze umbono kwabo imisebenzi oogxa ezaziwayo-kakuhle, ucinga uninzi lwazo akandifanele ingqalelo. Nje uthi, banal yanto ngaphandle namona ezintsha. Ekubeni Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-19, igama elithi "ubukrwada 'utshintshiwe kwakhona. Iimpawu zentsulungeko zisenokungabonakali "ezifakwa", "zataskannost", "bazibandakanye".

Ntonye elithi "ubukrwada"

Ngolwimi mihla Russian elithi "ubukrwada" izithethantonye pick up kakhulu nje. Noko ke, ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo apho kusetyenziswa. Umzekelo, ukuba siya kugxininisa fashion, kuthekani iimpahla badla bathi "Ekse", "nto enemibala". Nelithi "inhlamba" indlela uthanda nje ngendlela, kwaye intetho okanye ukuziphatha. "Bafaniswe" okanye "ezingenamsebenzi" ziimpawu nayiphi ukusetyenziswa bazibandakanye. Ngokunxulumene eendaba badla ukusebenzisa igama elithi "yethabloyidi enamakhasi", nto leyo abe rating ushicilelo eliphantsi. Ukuba ibinzana ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo okanye a joke, esithi ukuba "wabethwa phezulu." Umntu sengqondo emxinwa obizwa ngokuba "limited", leyo, eneneni, nayo efanayo ingcamango "ubukrwada".

ubukrwada namhlanje

Namhlanje, impendulo yombuzo izinto nekrwada, akunakwenzeka ukuba cacile, njengoko le nto ingabonwa evela kumacala eziliqela. Umzekelo, i "ubukrwada", inkcazelo leyo waniphawula ukunxibelelana esebenzisa ulwimi oluthukayo, yokumngcikiva imbeko kunye nesidima kwabo nabanye abantu. Noko ke, nifunge amagama ngokuqinileyo ebomini bethu kwaye bafikelele kwinqanaba lokuba bakwazi ukubuyisela kwezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo ezendeleyo ulwimi olusulungekileyo zoncwadi. Ukusetyenziswa kwezi legalelo zazo ezonakalisayo kuphuhliso umntu njengomntu, ukunciphisa isigama kunye nokwenza ngaphezulu. Kwelinye icala, igama elithi "ubukrwada" yinto imvelaphi osenyongweni. ukufikelela simahla kwinginginya ezibanzi mathuba nesizixabisayo ubomi babantu kunye kwabasetyhini engacikidekileyo kakhulu ulwalamano kunye nomntu wesini esahlukileyo.

Ubukrwada eluntwini

Ubukrwada emphakathini eziboniswa ngokwayo kwi uphatho lwe ezininzi amanani, abezopolitiko, pop iinkwenkwezi, yemiboniso kanye cinema. Ke kaloku, vogue njalo-ebizwa ngokuba "abamnyama PR", ngenxa uninzi oku kungentla ngempumelelo Phakamisa rating. Xa sihlalutya umxholo amanyundululu ebandakanya abantu abaziwayo, ukuba zingahlulwa ngokweendidi eziliqela:
1. Ukuxhathisa.
2. isiva ukuba utywala okanye iziyobisi.
3. Ukophulwa komthetho (i zixhaphakileyo - i imilo kunye neengozi esoloko enxilile).

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abezopolitiko esuka eqongeni yaye musani bangafuni ukusebenzisa ulwimi oluthukayo okanye boardroom ukusebenzisa ukuhlaselwa ngovuyo kusasazwa onke amajelo TV kwilizwe ngamnye kwinqanaba lehlabathi.

Ubukrwada bokwakha

Elithetha "anento yokwenza" in bokwakha? Xa siqwalasela ukubaluleka ngokwemiqathango iingcinga, kumisiweyo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, izixeko ezininzi elalisakuba yiSoviet Union angena kolu didi. Uninzi izakhiwo zikamasipala kunye nempahla yezindlu eyakhiwe ipateni ethile.

Ngoko, xa wayefika nayiphi na republic, ndizive ngathi kwidolophu yakhe, apho zonke izakhiwo ngelo xesha indlela enye. Ngoko, eyona nto ibalulekileyo imali, okt. E. omkhulu yokwakha, ngcono. Ngoko ke, izakhiwo ezininzi ngcembe waqala ukuwa phantsi kweempembelelo yemvula.

Yintoni ubukrwada kwizakhiwo mihla? Oku ikakhulu kusetyenziswe amatye anqabileyo ekwenziweni izinto zekhaya eziqhelekileyo ezifana izibambo Zinokuxutywa diamond okanye amanzi igolide. Ngoko ngokubafekethisa ngokwazo kunye, nangona kunjalo, ebhenca zokuhlala zazo kuluntu, bevakalise isimo ezimbalwa kuphela ezimbi ngakumbi ngakwicala kwabanye.

iziqhulo inhlamba - ntoni na?

Into yokuba enjalo ubukrwada xakuhlekiswa okanye iindidi sokuqhula, kuba kunzima ukutsho, kuba oko ngaphambili ekwakucingwa elihlazo, ngoku waqonda nje eqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, ibangela amabali intsini malunga ngamakhoboka eziyobisi "ngamatye", amapolisa endlela kunye namapolisa, hayi nje kufika evela amadoda uhambo. Xa kuthelekiswa iziqhulo ukususela kumaxesha Soviet, namhlanje baye baba ngakumbi ezingqongqo, abuhlungu, ikudika. Acace comedy ibonisa wanamhla, bafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba abaninzi kubo abazimisele ukuba bahleke phezu intlungu yabantu. ubukrwada badla erhangqwe kunye wit, kodwa abafane uchola le layini. Ngenxa joke ebonakala elimsulwa efika kuqala ingase ukukwata ebomini. Ngoko ke kufuneka ngenyameko ukuze ahlekise izenzo zabantu okanye ukwenza intlekisa inkangeleko, ukuba iintshaba ebusweni babo. Nantso into "ubukrwada" kumanqanaba mihla.