Eyona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo zombuzo

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba abanye abantu basikelelwe-ekuthiwa "nokubhala isegazini ', yaye bakuphephe ngempumelelo iimpazamo zegrama. Nangona abanye ukuba ukukhumbula uluhlu lwemithetho ekuphuculeni izakhono zokubhala zabo. Nangona kunjalo, iimpazamo kwezivakalisi, imizekelo apho kaninzi inokubonwa nkqu kumaphephandaba okanye ilizwi obhengeza umabonwakude, ngokulinganayo wavumela zombini abo kunye nabanye.

Oku kunokucaciswa kukuba imithetho kwezivakalisi zezona kunzima ukuyiqonda. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ukuba ukhumbule. Ezantsi sinikela iziphoso zixhaphakileyo syntax. Kwaye mhlawumbi kuya kukunceda uphephe nabo nakwixesha elizayo.

Amaninzi, ukusuka uququzelelo imigangatho okungekho kunye nolawulo kuvela iimpazamo syntax. Ezi ziquka ekukhetheni okubi intetho case-ilawulwa gwenxa kwezalathandawo ( "ukuhlawulela yokuhamba," endaweni "ukuhlawula iindleko zohambo," "ehleka le joke" endaweni "ukuba yintlekisa a joke," njalo-njalo). Njengoko kudla iimpazamo kwezivakalisi kwenzeka sentences with ekwakhiweni "abo ...", umzekelo: "Abo bayaziyo imithetho, yibhale ngokuchanekileyo" (Injalo loo nto: "Abo bayaziyo imithetho, yibhale ekunene"). Apha isenzi wokuqala ubhekisela elithi 'abo' kwaye yesibini - ukuya elithi "abo" oko kudala ukudideka.

Rhoqo kunye nohlelo iimpazamo kokuvumelana ibinzana participial negama ephambili kuba (Umzekelo: "phezu kwetafile, savela Italy" - ilungelo lokuba "amazwe"), kwakunye kwazisa ukusasazwa kwezinye iinxalenye yesivakalisi ( "Ndabona ileta ebhaliweyo umhlobo" kunokuba "ndabona ileta ebhalwe ngomnye").

Ukusetyenziswa zemihlathi ebelidlula ngamazwi iimpazamo kwezivakalisi ixhaphakileyo enxulumene naloo mntu oqhuba isenzo. Umzekelo: "abadlula ivenkile, amehlo am babaleka umqondiso" endaweni "abadlula ivenkile, ndabona umqondiso." Action ebelidlula yomlomo amabinzana lisoloko libhekisela kumntu omnye njengalowo oluvakaliswe vavisa.

iimpazamo yobeko kokusetyenziswa amalungu yohlobo olunye kwezinye iimeko kunganxulunyaniswa kwi kwisemantiki. Ezi ziquka indibanisela kweekhonsepthi owahlukeneyo ( "itheyibhile ebandayo okanye eluhlaza"), ilungu ukuphunyezwa, kungekhona ngokungqinelana ngamazwi eziphambili ( "wayengqongwe unonophelo noncedo" - ayikwazi ingasetyenziswa ukunikeza).

iimpazamo yobeko xa kusakhiwa izivakalisi ezimbaxa enxulumene ukududulelwa ingqalelo yinxalenye omnye komnye, kunye nokungakwazi ukugcina isakhiwo kwisikhwebu. Ezi ziquka ukusetyenziswa abaliqela uhlobo olufanayo kumqolo paranasal ( "Ndabona ileta, ebhalwe ngumhlobo wam ohlala eSpeyin"). Oku baqa- ngokuthi unike ibinzana participial ( "Ndabona ileta eyabhalwa umhlobo wam ohlala eSpeyin").

Siye kwakhona iintlobo eziphambili iimpazamo isintaksi, kwaye singatsho ukuba uninzi lwabo bamkelwa ngenxa ukungafakwa unxibelelwano phakathi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo wesivakalisi. Ukuthintela ukuba nje ngokwaneleyo ukuze sinikele ingqalelo kuzo zonke uyilo kunye izakhono zabo kunye nabanye. Kwakhona simele sikhumbule swihoxo lwesivakalisi zixhaphakileyo kwixesha elizayo ukuze abe nako ukuqonda zona. Ukuba u landela le migaqo, nkqu zoyilo kakhulu olunzima akayi kuba nako ndikubeke ekupheleni efile.