Evenk Ukuzilawula Area: ikomkhulu, ixesha, isixeko

Evenkia - ezweni wamandulo kunye twisisaka. Ibali lakhe yinxalenye imbali eSiberia, apho imvelaphi yayo kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ezadlulayo. Yintoni ephawulekayo Evenk Ukuzilawula Area?

indawo okuyo

Evenk Ukuzilawula Area - unit sobummandla kunye nolawulo Russian Federation. Yena lilungu Krasnoyarsk Territory. It elise Eastern eSiberia. ummandla Irkutsk erhangqwe Republic Saha (Iakutiia) kunye Taimyrsky (Yamal Nenetski) izimele. Le ndawo iquka kommandla 770 lamawaka macala onke. M. km. 18.000 - ngoko abantu abaninzi bahlala Evenki Ukuzilawula Area. Capital - kwilali lwedolophu Tour. Ukongezelela mmandla yakhe yolawulo yahlulelwe kwii ariya 3 - Baikit, Ilimpiysky, Tungussko-Chui - kunye namaziko olawulo 22 yasemaphandleni.

Phakathi kwazo zonke izifundo ze-Russian Federation kwi kummandla eSiberia, Evenkia Ukuzilawula weSithili kwisigxina disadvantageous okuyo. Singene iziko le-Central Siberian Plateau. Ingongoma aphezulu okwilizwe - Stone Intaba ubude 1701 m Kukho iindawo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu zemozulu kwakunye Evenk Ukuzilawula Area bulukwe kakhulu ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi ngenxa km 1,500 .. Isimo sezulu yezwekazi. Julayi ubushushu - up to 38 ° C, ebusika - ukuya -67 ° C. Inxalenye yale Evenkia libhekisela Far North eRashiya. Kukholelwa ukuba le yenye yeendawo ezininzi ezingalunganga kwaye kakhulu ukuba bazohlala eRussia.

integrally

Aprili 17, 2005 yaye yabamba zimvo olube neziphumo Evenk Ukuzilawula District kwesele Krasnoyarsk Territory. NgoJanuwari 1, 2007, wafumana iwonga elitsha. Ukususela ngelo xesha, waba kwisithili lomasipala Krasnoyarsk Territory. Abakho Tajmyrsky (Nenets) District. Yena, Ufana Evenki Ukuzilawula Area, iye bafana kunye Krasnoyarsk Territory.

imithombo

Eyona mithombo iphambili le nxalenye ye eSiberia hydrocarbon - oyile negesi. Le ngingqi ityebileyo negolide, iidayimani, mifanekiso, amalahle, izinto phosphate ekrwada kunye platinum. Ezithembisayo iidipozithi zesinyithi enqabileyo non-ayoni. Kukho oovimba ngamatye anqabileyo, ubhedu-nickel ore.

Flora

Evenkia - ndawo intle kwilizwe lethu, kodwa ngenxa ezininzi kuhlala ingafikeleleki kwaye unexplored njengoko isithuba. Zonke izinto kwiimeko ezimaxongo zemozulu kwizikolo ezikude kakhulu ukusuka kwizixeko ezinkulu. Ngoko ke, lo kwabakhenkethi ezinqabileyo unobuganga ukutyelela Evenki Ukuzilawula Area. Amafoto ezithathwe abahambi, ukuvumela ukuba ubuncinane ukusuka kwimboniselo yohlobo kulo mmandla. iindawo ezinkulu kuhlala yi-Arctic umkhenkce, kodwa kukho kumathafa, hlathi kunye intaba amahlathi. Kukho amachibi ezininzi, phantse bonke bephela bona imvelaphi glacial: elwandle Vivi, Essey, Agatha, Dyupkun. Malunga nekota yendawo wesithili ibekwe ngaphakathi Arctic Circle, kukho permafrost. Ke ezinye izityalo yenziwa amahlathi. Emazantsi, oko nespruce nemisedare, ukuya emantla, ke indawo ehlathini larch. On amathambeka - eyetundra of ubulembu kunye ulele. Ngomhla kummandla Evenkia ezimbini zolondolozo - Putoransky kunye Tunguska.

kulona

iimeko zemozulu ezimandundu kunjalo ukuba abahlali gqolo ukuzibandakanya okuloba. Ulikhaya Sable, ermine, impungutye emnyama nesilivere. Bona zaveliswa kuba kufunwa iimfele kurhwebo uboya. Xa amanzi amaninzi iintlanzi ehlathini - adle zasendle emahlathini - kwezinye izilwanyana. Apha uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana ibhere mdaka, Siberia kunye Arctic ingcuka, unomatse, ngoboya, ingqawa, muskrat, impungutye emhlophe.

labantu

Ngoku abantu abamalunga ne-18 amawaka abantu abahlala kulo mmandla. Ikomkhulu lakhe - kwilali Tour. Evenk Ukuzilawula Area onokuxinana labemi ephantsi kakhulu - malunga 0.03 ngabantu nganye 1 macala onke. km. Le ngqesho abhalwe ngokusemthethweni esezantsi - malunga ne-4%. Ngokoqoqosho yabantu esebenzayo - 9000, nto leyo malunga 1/3 bonke abahlali. Le yokusebenza-yobudala ezinxulumene 62%, loo ubudala - 12%, ngaphantsi - 26%. Evenkia abasetyhini ngaphezu kwamadoda: 53% vs. 47 isambuku abantu bahlala kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni - 71%, abantu ezidolophini - 29%. Ukwakheka nobuhlanga Evenkia zilandelayo:

• Russian - 60%,
• evenki- 21%
• Yakuts - 5%
• Evens - 4.5%.
• Ukrainian 3%
• enye - 6.5%.

umnotho

isabelo Ingonyama ngayo ishishini lonke Evenkiya, ngaphezulu kwama-97%, iindidi-3:

• amafutha,
• umbane,
• ukutya.

kushishino kwamafutha ubonisa imveliso ye-oyile negesi. Apha, ezintlanu wafumana amasimi kunye oovimba ezi zibonelelo. imali yabo bebonke kuqikelelwa kwi-1.1 billion iitoni amashishini kakhulu elikhulu - .. Of "NK" Yukos "JSC" Krasnoyarskgazprom "JSC" Yeniseineftegaz "inani elipheleleyo kwishishini fuel kwama-50% kuqoqosho.

Electricity complex luthathe 25% uqoqosho County ngayo. Amandla kwideri usebenzisa diesel. I inkulu kubo - kaRhulumente qela liphikisayo Enterprise "Varanavaenergo" OGUP "Ilimpiyskie ngamandla," noThembi "Baikit imveliso yengingqi lweshishini of eluncedo yoluntu".

Xa imveliso zoshishino kushishino ukutya Evenkia ohlala phantse-20%. Ubukhulu becala ukwenza imveliso iimveliso yokubhaka.

kakhulu kuphuhliswa nokuba ulimo kunye namahlathi, nokubanjiswa. Kukho ebanga adle ngokufuya, ukuzingela, ihagu kunye zobisi iinkomo.

indaba

abantu Evenki endulo abahlala kwezi ndawo ngaphambili ahlala kwiindawo enkulu eSiberia - phezu OB River entshona ukuya kuLwandle Okhotsk kwi ngasempumalanga, ukususela kwi Arctic ukuya Angara. Njani ukuba kwi iqela isilinganiso ikoloni imimandla ezinjalo eSiberia? Eyona nto kukuba adle ukufuya, ukuloba nokuzingela, Evenki wayonwabile kwawenza. Ukongeza kule nxalenye nokushukumisa ngasentla aba bantu wawusekelwe kwingcamango lula iimeko ezintsha ubomi kunye nemozulu eyahlukileyo. Noko ke, bebeziqhelanisa ngendlela eyahlukileyo yobomi kunye noqoqosho.

Imbali kule ndawo njengoko kwisithili solawulo emuva 1930. Ngoko ke urhulumente waseSoviet baqalisa ukwenza kuzwelonke. Eyona njongo ephambili kakuhle ezi ndawo, ukuba ukulesa nokubhala abantu bomthonyama zikude, ukukhulisa uqoqosho kunye nenkcubeko yabantu balapha. mbali kamva ziye zaphawula eli xesha njengotshintsho elibukhali kwi ubume phondo. Abahlali Local le semi-feudal eyoyame ukuya ilixa mveliso.

Uphuhliso North waqala kwakusakhiwa eTurin kultbazy. Evenki, ngubani zilawule sleigh adle kuphela kwaye ufumane izilwanyana emanyathelweni zabo, baye bafunda ukuba ukukhula ingqolowa, iitapile, imifuno, ezibandakanya lulimo izilwanyana. Kakade ke, yinto nempumelelo oovulindlela Soviet onikhuphileyo kule ndawo ulwazi kunye namava. Ngowe-1927, kwisibhedlele yokuqala Evenkia, sakhiwa kwisikolo sabaqalayo. Saqala ukwenza isiqinisekiso yabemi. Kwaye kakade ngo 1930 waqalisa kwimfundo yaseprayimari ezinyanzelekileyo abantu. Ngelo xesha linye Baqala amalungiselelo kwisithili kakuhle. Kwakukho iipavumente zomthi, malunga nolawulo Tours wamisa isikwere, ndatyala kuyo imithi yakhe. Ngowe-1938, kwakukho ofisi yeposi. Ngowe-1968 Ndaqala ndabona ntaka Evenki Ukuzilawula Area.

Ixesha zatshintsha ngoku, kodwa kunzima ukuthelekelela ubomi kwezi ndawo ngaphandle kweenqwelo. The main phawu - umgama enkulu zokuhlala enye kwenye. Esebenzisa umoya ngoku ukuhambisa ukutya, iimpahla eziphathekayo, abakhweli, abasebenzi shift kunye abazingeli, unxibelelwano kunye zabelusi.

Ngowe-1933, iphephandaba yokuqala yapapashwa Evenkia. We uprinte kunye ubunzima obukhulu, xa kungekho wokuchwetheza wheel umbane, basonta ngesandla Abahleli "Evenk". abemi Evenkia Ngoko waqala ukufumana iindaba ezivela amaphepha lokufundisa yoshicilelo le.

nizole enoxolo yaphuka 1941. Emva koko ityala kwilizwe ukuya phambi abantu 1816, ingxenye yesihlanu yabantu loo minyaka. abemi 306 akazange abuye okanye umhlobo wakhe. Emva kokuba imfazwe apha bonke kunye ukwakha uqoqosho lwelizwe. Russian, Evenk kunye nezinye izizwe ayesebenza kwiifama ezihlangeneyo, abazibandakanya nawo lokuzala, izilwanyana, ukuzingela, ukuloba, ezingela kunye norhwebo uboya. Council Policy Personnel ityekele ukuba imithombo yoluntu yasekuhlaleni.

Ngo-1950, uninzi izikhundla eziphezulu ahlala abahlala Evenkia. Ukususela ngowe-1970 olwenziwa ngokubonakalayo uphando olujoliswe ekufumaneni izimbiwa. Ngelo xesha yokwakha ngokukhawuleza izindlu ezandleni komhlaba kunye nabasebenzi kushishino oyile. Ukususela ngo-1968, kumgangatho entsha kwenkcubeko ngaphandle. Kuba abantu balapha ngakumbi waqalisa ukuba mfi eSoviet. Ngo-1975, bekukho TV kunye Evenkia. Ukuwa eSoviet Union sichaphazele ubomi wesithili. Mveliso yonke esindindeneyo yaqala ukuna bebodwa.

ekhishini

Wonke hlanga neendidi yayo kazwelonke, exelela okuninzi malunga kwimbali ndawo kunye nabantu. Evenki kudala wabandakanyeka ekulobeni nokuzingela. idla geni iintlanzi kunye umdlalo, njengoko kuyimfuneko ukuze ukutya. Kuphela isahlulo esincinci wemka ukuze zisetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo. Ngoku izitya Evenk izitya olulungiswe inyamakazi, inyama ibhere, intlanzi. Nazi ezinye izitya yemveli ezithandwayo kwase kazwelonke:

• Tyhemin. Le isuphu fish, nto leyo lizimisele kunye caviar. Yena wagcoba de egudileyo, ongeze isahlulo amanzi abilayo, ibuye intlanzi elinqunqiweyo ngokushiyanayo, ityuwa kunye nobulawu.
• Jukola Evenki. Oku isidlo yemveli intlanzi sitshaye. Ukuyenza, susa intloko lomqolo, gutting. Emva koko uthathe maleko omde obhityileyo iintlanzi, basike kwi ngaphakathi. Ke ndatshaya ngomlilo phantsi isigubungelo ivaliwe, bese komiswa elangeni okwangoku. Yitya intlanzi ezinjalo, kwehle nge iti.
• washington womile. Ukulungiselela thatha isidumbu elo zasendle, ekwancothulwa, amane, bewisa isikhumba kunye namathambo amakhulu. Waza wenza amanxeba incum wazolula phezu isigubungelo okhethekileyo isigodlo ndawo. yasebusika inyama yaye kusetyenziswa ukulungiselela isuphu, kunye izitya.
• inyama ibhere yosiwe. Le nyama iziqwenga amancinci amcaba amanqatha. Amafutha okungepani, ongeze isahlulo itswele kunye neetapile. Sishisa.
• Korczak. Le dish yenziwe ubisi adle. Kuyinto etyebe kakhulu, ngoko kakuhle ibande akatswe ibe amagwebu zamafu. Korczak wagqiba ukuba adle scone kunye iti.

Kakhulu umdla

• Area Evenkia ufana kunye kwintsimi kumazwe afana eTurkey Chile.
• iziko Geographical of Russia - Lake Vivi, okanye kunxweme kunokuba emzantsi-mpuma. Le status ifunyenwe emva ekuweni waseUSSR, xa imida ziye zatshintsha yaye kwasekwa ezihambelanayo ezintsha. Bona wachaza academician Peter Bakut. Agasti 27, 1992 kukuseka kubude oqingqiweyo 7 m.
• indawo Absolute abandayo kwinginqi Krasnoyarsk - Tembenchi River, amaqondo obushushu ebusika apha - thabatha 70 ° C.
• 1908 kwezi ndawo wawa Tunguska zimpahla.
• Amazing isifundo - Evenki Ukuzilawula Area. Cities hayi apha. 1 kuphela idolophu encinane - Tour kwikomkhulu, omnye - kwindawo yokuhlala encinane ezisemaphandleni: Bikes, ekhawulezileyo, Kuyumba, Miryuga, Osharova, Poligus, Suromay, Surinda, Kislokan, Nidym, Uchami, eVanavara kunye nabanye.
• Ixesha Evenkiya - Krasnoiarskii: Eboniswe iiyure 7 ukususela nge-UTC kunye iiyure ezi-4 ukusuka eMoscow.