Emithanjeni ukopha: zoncedo lokuqala, ulawula wokubonelela yayo

Igazi - ulwelo emzimbeni womntu owenza imisebenzi emininzi kwaye ebalulekileyo. It awasindise oxygen amalungu, izondlo, iihomoni, iienzymes, kuyanceda ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba rhoqo, ukukhusela ukususela ekusulelekeni, ekubeni yavelisa lomzimba. Xa breakage inqanawa negazi kakuhle ukwenza imisebenzi yayo. Oku Uxhokonxwa utshintsho kakhulu emzimbeni yaye ubomi babantu busengozini. Enye yezi meko enokukhokelela nemiphumo efanayo - na umfutho ukopha. uncedo lokuqala kuba oko kuyimfuneko.

A isuntswana ukopha kunye neefom zabo

Ngaphambi kokuba siqwalasele ukopha esimbaxa, kufuneka kuqala ukufumana impendulo yombuzo kokuchwethezwa zokuphula na ingqibelelo nemithambo. Kuxhomekeke ukuba ukunika uncedo lokuqala. Ukopha kwenzeka:

• igazi;
• lwemithambo;
• capillary.

Xa ukopha iiseli ezibomvu balahlekile. Ingozi ezingundoqo umonakalo imithambo yegazi kukunciphisa umthamo wegazi elijikeleza ngomzimba kunye neengxaki hemodynamic.

Yintoni emithanjeni ukopha, leyo ezendeleyo iimpawu?

Iingcali ubize emithanjeni elophayo ngaphandle kulwelo ibalulekileyo eziphilayo emzimbeni lwabasebenzi kwemithambo yonakele. Anikezela igazi nomoya, ophuma emiphungeni kwamanye amalungu. Emithanjeni kulawuleke ukopha kuvela ubukhulu becala ngexesha trauma kakhulu, kuba imithambo ibekwe nzulu esiqwini, ukuba ibekwe kufutshane emathanjeni.

Ngaba emithanjeni ukopha iimpawu kunye noncedo lokuqala kufuneka anikwe emva ozibonayo:

• Igazi kushukunyiswa kwerhamncwa nombala eqaqambileyo;
• It iphalale emthonjeni inxeba;
• umsinga kwemali, kwamaza ngokungqinelana ibetha intliziyo;
• ukwanda ngokukhawuleza echibini ngegazi elo kumacala onke achaphazelekayo (ngulo njengenqobo yokugweba, ukumisa emithanjeni ukopha kwiimeko apho inxeba ochaphazelekayo ayibonakali).

Indlela ukwahlula phakathi kwemijelo opha capillary kunye lwemithambo?

uncedo lokuqala ukwenzela, lwemithambo, emithanjeni ukopha eyahlukileyo. Kule ntlobo mpawu ezinemigca zahlukile:

• nge lwemithambo ezophayo fluid cherry kwemali umthunzi eziphilayo ngokufanayo ukusuka inxeba;
• kunye negazi capillary aso ngokufanayo ukusuka bonke ubuso isilonda, njengoko impregnates ezo kwizihlunu yonakaliswe.

Ekubeni igazi ngokukhawuleza emithanjeni ukopha olubangelwa kusuka emzimbeni, ngoko ke amathuba ukothuka nasekufeni eliphezulu. Ukuthintela oku, kufuneka uqale kwi Iimpawu zokuqala ziye ngayo umntu zoncedo lokuqala.

Imigaqo ngokubanzi zoncedo lokuqala xa umonakalo kwemithambo

uncedo lokuqala umfutho ukopha lusekelwe kwimigaqo ezininzi:

1. Misa ukopha uze ubize inqwelo yezigulana.
2. Kweentsholongwane amanxeba. Ukuthintela ukungena kwamagciwane kufanele kube lula ukusebenza ngezandla ecocekileyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba aphathe kungqameko inxeba utywala, ivodka, Cologne, into yokuthambisa okanye ezinye iindlela ezikhoyo; kokuba bandaging kubeka phezu kobuso umonakalo umbandela ludlolo; tape up inxeba.
3. Ukulungisa ezonakeleyo imilenze isikhafu okanye ibhasi.
4. Ukubulawa. Ukuba umntu enzakele kakhulu, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise analgesics (amacwecwe analgin, njengezingxobo tramadol, ice) kuthintelo umothuko kabuhlungu.
5. izithuthi Safe ukuya kwiziko lonyango okanye silinde ukufika koogqirha zeenqwelo zezigulane.

emithanjeni ukopha uyeke ukusebenzisa awayezinxibile

Xa kuyimfuneko ukuba zinike uncedo lokuqala umfutho ukopha kunye tourniquet, enze izenzo ezithile:

• ska kwemithambo yonakele ngomnwe ngaphezu inxeba;
• ukunika indawo apho igazi, endaweni ephezulu;
• wamisa tourniquet ze babhale phantsi ixesha xa senziwa.

Kukho imithetho ethile lomsebenzi iintambo (endaweni ungasebenzisa intambo elingqingqwa, ibhanti, kwilaphu onamandla). Lisetyenziswa kwi iingubo kufutshane kummandla ochaphazelekayo (3-5 cm ngaphezu inxeba) kunye ngokuqinileyo Icala. Xa nezikrweqe zonyango, kukho imingxuma ekhethekileyo ukulungiswa. With ekunene isicelo alo mlenze uba libunile, kwaye ukubetha kwentliziyo yakhe awubonakali.

Emithanjeni ukopha, uncedo lokuqala; bokuqonda usebenzisa awayezinxibile

Le bethwele awukwazi elide sibambelele kwindawo yonakele. Ubuninzi bexesha phakathi nokubekwa ixesha efudumeleyo - Iiyure ezi-2 kwi-maxesha abandayo konyaka - iyure-1. Ukuba ixesha a ekhuselekileyo tourniquet, ngoko yonke seyure buthathaka ukuba imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kummandla ochaphazelekayo onikezelwa igazi. Xa uyeka ifowuni ukopha yi likhululwe, kodwa qhubeka esweni amaxhoba. Ukuba kulwelo bemvelo kwakhona iqalisa flow, a tourniquet lusetyenziswa kwakhona ngaphezu indawo apho lalikhona ngaphambili.

Ukuba ngesizathu esithile nto buthathaka awayezinxibile kwaye kange isuswe kwexesha, ndaye umzimba ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-3, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukususa. Isibakala sokuba ezinye iiseli ufile ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini kunye nezakhi nolusu wabonisa iimpawu esiqwini ukufa. Xa ukhupha igazi ngomqokozo kuya kumpompoza kule ndawo. Kwiincindi zebhayoloji ukufumana ityhefu eqalisiweyo nyama. Baya wonke umzimba. Ukunaba kwezinto eziyingozi kuya kubangela ukufa yonke eziphilayo.

Hemostasis kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ukuba tourniquet

kuyingozi kakhulu owophayo ngenxa kwemithambo femoral. Xa isidima igazi sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ixhoba kufa ngenxa imizuzwana 30-40, zoncedo ukuze lokuqala umfutho ukopha esiphelweni kufuneka banikwe ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba tourniquet kule sayithi ayikho lula. Ngomhla umsipha wethanga inkulu kakhulu kunye namafutha mass. kunzima kulo songe umthambo. Ukumisa ukopha Kucetyiswa ukuba cofa ngenqindi kwindawo apho isitya igazi, kwaye ngexesha tourniquet kufuneka abekwe phantsi kwi into enzima (ilitye, ifowuni ephathwayo), ukuba ibotshwe ngezithandelo roller.

Xa ukuhlukunyezwa ibhaqwe ingqibelelo eluswini entanyeni kunye esimbaxa ukopha, uncedo lokuqala ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• lusetyenziswa iqhekeza inxeba kwilaphu waza ska Umthambo carotid kunye sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi;
• ke umntu owenzakeleyo obekwe, isandla sakhe kude kwelo nxeba, kuzala intloko yakhe;
• isicelo umqulu ukuphalusa umhlabelo okanye itawuli waza wamisa tourniquet, tsala nge nengalo ezichaphazelekayo kuye (iingcingo kufuneka icinezelwe ngokuchasene isondo).

Iimpazamo ezingenako kuvunyelwa ilungiselelo zoncedo lokuqala

Ukuba uchonge ukopha esimbaxa, zoncedo lokuqala kufuneka banikwe ilungelo, ngenxa manyathelo athathwe ixhomekeke ubomi babantu achaphazelekayo:

1. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa i tourniquet kwindawo angenanto umzimba. Xa retaining kunokonakalisa ulusu. Xa indawo uzaleke akukho iingubo, kufuneka sibekwe phantsi yingxubuwa ngeqhiya.
2. Asinako uvale ngengubo ukulawula okanye iimpahla. Kufuneka zibonakale kumntu osebenza uncedo lokuqala.
3. Alinako zingasetyenziswa njenge ucingo nezikrweqe, nomtya obhityileyo, akuzange. Zonke ezi kunokonakalisa ulusu.
4. Musa ukususa elibukhali ukususela izinto inxeba. Susa kuzo iingcali xa ixhoba lisiwe esibhedlele.
5. Ukuba indawo ye umzimba ngezantsi tourniquet babudumbile zifunyanwe unomona oluhlaza, oku kuthetha ukuba tourniquet busetyenzisiwe ngokungachanekanga. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ndinyobulule umtya kwaye kwakhona isicelo, behamba ngayo yonke imithetho zoncedo lokuqala.

phenomenon rhoqo igqalwa emithanjeni kwegazi lwemithambo. uncedo lokuqala - umba kubalulekile uhlola umntu ngamnye; kuba akukho namnye uya kusinda ngenxa yokwenzakala, okuhamba kwiingozi zendlela. Ukushwankathela, sinokubalaselisa iingongoma ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo. Ukuba umntu ochaphazelekayo yi ukopha enzima kakhulu, kufuneka ukuchitha ixesha ngokuhlamba izandla. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, simele senze ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze uphephe kukothuka. Ukuba isigulane uphulukene okuninzi igazi, kufuneka uyeke esimbaxa ukopha, abeke umntu, baphakamise nemilenze yaye ukuba basele amanzi okanye iti amnandi.