Edume amagcisa St. Petersburg: isishwankathelo bobuchule

amagcisa Famous eminyaka St. Petersburg 19-21 aye waba negalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso nenkcubeko kuphela ihlabathi yasekhaya kodwa xa iyonke. Imisebenzi yabo athandwa kuphela kwilizwe lethu kodwa phesheya, ngokuyintloko in Western eYurophu eUnited States. School North ikomkhulu izwe lethu amagama ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezininzi amagcisa. Le ngokutsha limited uphawu liphambili bobuchule kakuhle nokwazeka kwayo kubo.

Iimpawu ubudala

amagcisa Famous of St. Petersburg ngenkulungwane ye-19 kwasekwa ngokusekelwe izithethe Academy of Arts, yasekwa kwisiqingatha sesibini ngenkulungwane ye-18. Esi sikolo oye wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi benkcubeko kwekomkhulu bukhosi. Oku ikakhulu Siboleke ekufikeleleni iinkosi Western eYurophu, kodwa kwangaxeshanye injongo yayo yaba imfundo noqeqesho italente kazwelonke: abakroli, ngabapeyinti kunye nabayili. I-Academy luqinisekiswa kakhulu kuphuhliso lobugcisa emihle. Oku kwenziwa yinto yokuba iziko yayisayanyaniswa Ministry of Education, kwakunye lenkundla. Akazange nazo naziphi na iingxaki kunye ngemali abafundi yayo kwendisa ngaphandle, yaye oko kwakhokelela indawo evumayo yophuhliso yokudweba.

Ubuciko

Amagcisa odumileyo eSt Petersburg kaThixo afakelwe ngandlel ne-Academy. Umzekelo, artist P. odumileyo Bryullov ezifundiswa kweli ziko kangangexesha elithile. Wamiselwa umncedisi unjingalwazi olawula kwiklasi yezifundo. Kwithuba ukususela 1836 ukuya 1849 ibalwe Petersburg ixesha umsebenzi wakhe. Ngoko ke i-master Bulelani esivunyiweyo kuya ifilimu "Imini Last sePompeii", nto leyo zaqhutywa kumazwe Western aseYurophu kwaye ngumzobi wenza indumasi ngokwenene.

Kwikomkhulu, waza wayalela ukuba ubhale umzobo omkhulu kwi umxholo kwimbali yamandulo Russian. Njengoko sithathiwe sebali njengendlela isiqephu kokungqingwa Pskov Polish uKumkani ngo-1581. Le ngelaphu kungekagqitywa, nangona ukulungiselela ngenyameko kunye nokusebenza nzima umbhali kuwo.

Ngelo xesha, ke yona inkosi esivunyiweyo ye eni emikhosini gumbi. Wabhala inani imifanekiso avelele ababephila: imbongi Zhukovsky, umbhali, woonopopi, fabulist Krylov. Noko ke, umbhali sele iwupasisile ngendlela enzima ukusuka lo mfanekiso eqaqambileyo evumelanayo a imifanekiso ezintsonkothileyo ngokwasengqondweni, njengoko kumzekelo yakhe edumileyo self-ngobude.

Repin

amagcisa Famous of St. Petersburg baba amagcisa ezibalaseleyo ngexesha lakhe, baye negalelo kakhulu kuphuhliso yokudweba. Oko Repin ngokubhekisela kwabo ngababhali. iminyaka 1863-1871 yaba kwixesha lokuqala Petersburg art. Ekuthatyathweni njengelizwe umninindlu ngokoqobo, Wabhala ezahlukeneyo ngezihloko. Kodwa ke inkalo uphawu umsebenzi wayo kukuba yaze kwimifanekiso zakhe zembali wayehlala umfanekiso ixesha lethu, kuphungulwe umgama phakathi abaphulaphuli kunye elidlulileyo. Kweli xesha umsebenzi wakhe, waza wadala painting yakhe edumileyo "Barge Haulers kwi iVolga". Isigaba sesibini St Petersburg umsebenzi wakhe senzeka kule minyaka 1882-1900, xa wabhala Imizobo zembali aye kuba yinyani obukhulu yokudweba. Phakathi kwabo kufuneka ngokuba "Ivan i esibi kunye noNyana wakhe." Kwakhona zipeyintwe ekumeni, umzekelo, ekupeyinteni odumileyo ebonisa umhlobo wakhe Garshina.

Ithuba Soviet

amagcisa Famous of St. Petersburg kwinkulungwane yama-20 baqhubeka izithethe isikolo pre-mbuso, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ube eninzi kuphuhliso entsha womzobo lwasekhaya. Eyaziwayo umsebenzi N. Timkova, igcisa eSoviet owayesebenza ubukhulu becala uhlobo landscape. Kodwa kwixesha lokuqala enxulumene kunye nokudalwa uthotho lwemizobo lunikezelwe wayingqinga iLeningrad, ekhusela nto inxaxheba. Enye opeyintayo - Osipov iye wazinikela ekudaleni imizobo ezinxulumene ngeziganeko zemveli kwimbali Russian. Enye yemisebenzi yakhe yodumo womzobo "iNdlu kunye Arch."

Wesimanje Isigaba

amagcisa Famous of St. Petersburg zenkulungwane yama-21 nayo eyaziwa kakuhle lizwe lethu nakwamanye amazwe. Uhlobo Imizobo zembali , wabhala O. Eremeev. Enye ngomzobi mihla V. Bratanyuk wanikezela umsebenzi wakhe ikakhulu amanani kumabala emidlalo. Elaziwa emihle Imizobo yakhe, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba webhaleyi. Le mizobo imibala ezintle eqaqambileyo kunye nani zezintlu. Ngoko ke, artists St. Petersburg odumileyo wenza igalelo elibonakalayo lemveli lenkcubeko lizwe kunye nehlabathi.