Dewar mfuma ukususela kwinkulungwane XIX ukuza kuthi ga ngoku

Dzheyms Dyuar (1842-1923) waye yamachiza Scottish yemichiza owayehlala eLondon. Ngexesha lakhe, awathi wayizuza amabhaso ezininzi kunye neembasa ukuze enze imali elingu obafunyanwa, uninzi lwazo siyidlalile indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso Sciences ngqo. Phakathi impumelelo yakhe physics uthathwa igalelo ephawulekayo ekufundweni lobushushu ukugcinwa kunye isixhobo wadala, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "Dewar". Le yunithi yenzelwe ukugcina izinto ezahlukeneyo kumaqondo obushushu ephakamileyo okanye lincitshiswe.

History of indalo

Inqanawa Dewar yi uhlobo zaphuculwa yesixhobo, nolwathi lwaphuhliswa yi-nzulu German Veynholdom. Kulo mzekelo, iye umahluko omkhulu. Veynholda qambo na uhlobo ibhokisi yeglasi ngeendonga kabini kunye Dewar itshintshe kakhulu isakhiwo. Ngu umzekeliso eli gumbi, nto leyo nayo isixhobo kabini-enqatyisiweyo, into elapha wadalwa phakathi kweendonga yesixhobo, yaye isilivere ngumfanekiswana, yaye ukuze zinciphisa ukuphuma komphunga yamanzi, ifowuni iye iingqameko emqaleni.

isicelo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, imveliso Dewars bafikelela isikali mveliso, ekubeni zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi nje kuphela mveliso ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba thermos nalo Dewar. Ngokuphathelele shishino, kukho wayedla iimpahla Dewar for nitrogen engamanzi kunye nezinye kriozhidkostey. Kwakhona, le fowuni isoloko isetyenziswa njengonyango lwezilwanyana kunye oluntu ukwenzela ukugcina izinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo.

Ngenxa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo isitya babe iinjongo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ke asetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa zonke iimeko phambi kokufaka imixholo kwisingxobo, uze kwiqondo lobushushu efanelekileyo, okt. E. Ubushushu okanye epholileyo. Iqondo lobushushu kwento na ifowuni igcinwa izinto ngenxa ezimbini: ubushushu thermal kwaye zisenzeka nayo iinkqubo.

thermos

Uhlobo kakhulu kakuhle waziwa kakhulu eyahlekileyo ye Dewar i thermos. Ngenkulungwane XX ekuqaleni, lukaReinhold Burger modified isixhobo silungele ukusetyenziswa ekhaya. Iselwa iglasi yafakwa a istili yesinyithi, ngaloo ndlela eyenza ikhuseleke kwaye ixesha elide ngakumbi, kwaye uyitsale, nto leyo efakwe kwi Dewar iselwa lokumisa indawo kwaye isiciko.

Ekuqaleni, umakhi wayenethemba ukuba isixhobo eso sisetyenziselwa ukugcina ukutya, kodwa ngenxa thermos kuye uthandwa kanye ngenxa yoko unokunyusa ixesha elide ukugcina iqondo lobushushu yesiselo. Afternoon thermos zokuzalwa kuqwalaselwa-30 Septemba 1903, kuba ngaloo mini Burger wafumana igunya wokusungula waqala imveliso.

Nangona ibali ayipheli apho. Dewar, ababefunde ukuba kuguqulelo zaphuculwa yesixhobo yayo bafumene impumelelo yorhwebo yaye wancedisa uzuze Burger onesidima, bafaka icala. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba icebo lakhe elilodwa lomenzi, inkundla ayizange ukwanelisa iimfuno zawo.

isitya Dewar kusungulwe zizazinzulu Scottish baye bafumana ukuthandwa phantse ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa kwakhe, zingabuthisi kule mini. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kokubini kushishino kunye kubomi bemihla ngemihla, okwenza ukuba enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo inventions benkulungwane XIX.