Dagestan: labemi, imbali nezithethe

Inxalenye akumazantsi Russian Federation iqwalasela Republic of Dagestan. Capital liye iminyaka eli-100, lo isixeko Makhachkala. Le weRiphabliki erhangqwe kunye Georgia, Azerbaijan kunye aseStavropol Territory, Kalmykia kunye Chechnya.

Inabantu Dagestan

Qikelela ubungakanani kwiriphabliki akakwazi kuphela indawo yayo, kodwa ke inani labantu abahlala kuyo. labantu Ubalo lwe Dagestan wabonisa ukuba ngo-2015 abemi abazizigidi 2,99 kweli lizwe. Ukuxinana labahlali 59,49 km ^{2 nganye.} Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ngowe-1989, ngokutsho kubalo, apho kwakuhlala ngaphantsi kwe 2 million, kwaye ngo-1996 - million 2,126 abantu.

Kodwa ukuqikelela inani lokwenyaniso abemi beRiphabliki unako, ukuba uyazi ukuba ngaphezu kwe-700 lamawaka. Live ngaphandle mmandla. Oh abaninzi kangaka zithi urhulumente mxholo Russian Federation. Phakathi Ubuninzi babantu intaba e Dagestan yenye yezinto ezinkulu. Kwi-avareji, umfazi ngamnye abantwana 2.13.

Uthi abemi in Russian kunye neelwimi yesizwe ye Dagestan. Lo gama-14 kuphela kuzo zonke iilwimi yobuhlanga weRiphabliki sibhala. Abanye ngomlomo. Kodwa 4 kuphela iqela lolwimi kakhulu.

lokwanda kwabantu

republic ezahlukeneyo kunye namazinga aphezulu ukuzalwa. Oku ithatha indawo yesithathu kule salathisi eRashiya. Ngaphambi kuphela Ingushetia wayo Chechnya. Ngamnye unyaka wonke abahlali amawaka akhawunti 19.5 kubelekwa. kwiminyaka 5 edlulileyo babengama-18.8 kwi siseko weRiphabhliki Dagestan.

Abemi ukhula ngonyaka ngamnye. Izinga lokukhula inani labantu lelona liphezulu eRashiya. Ngelo xesha kwizixeko aphile% 45 kuphela abantu, yaye abanye - emaphandleni. Amadoda kwesi sifundo kwe Russian Federation ngaphantsi kancinane, isabelo sawo yi 48.1%. Ukuba uthathe ingqalelo kuphela yabemi Dagestan, le Republic ubekwa 13 kuzo zonke izifundo ze-Federation.

Distribution ngemizi

Yobuninzi benu kunezizwana yi likomkhulu kwiriphabliki - isixeko Makhachkala. Nje 583 amawaka. Abantu bahlala apha. Kwaye ukuba uthatha ingqalelo zonke zokuhlala, leyo aphantsi elikomkhulu, kuya kuza malunga 700 lamawaka. Abantu.

Bekuthi abantu abahlala kweminye imizi weRiphabliki Dagestan. Population Khasavyurt cishe 137 lamawaka, Derbend -. 121 amawaka, lweCaspian -. 107 amawaka, Buynaksk -. 63 amawaka.

Xa kujongwa ngokwemeko kwimimandla kwiriphabliki, kunazo kunezizwana Khasavyurt: oko kwabalelwa ngomhla 149 amawaka ubalo .. E Derbent weSithili, ikhaya ukuya 102 lamawaka. Dagestanians e Buynaksk kunye neendawo Karabudakhkent 78 79 lamawaka. Abantu ngokulandelelanayo.

kuqamba National

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba abemi beRiphabliki of Dagestan Luluntu eyodwa ekufikela yobuhlanga ngayo. 50 amawaka. ^Km2 na kwizizwe ngaphezu kwe-100 ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuzwe. Musa ukulibala ukuba yinxalenye yommandla - ngaba neentaba ka kuyo.

Iqela kakhulu ezininzi lwabantu bemveli - i Avars. Ngokutsho ku-2010 inani lawo lizizigidi 850. Abantu, ngelo xesha wayelingana 29.4% yabemi. Eyona ezininzi elandelayo isizwe Dargin. Oku kwakhona abemi zemveli lizwe, ngoko kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba bangaphi kubo wemka. labemi Dagestan luyakhula, ngokulandelelanayo, yaye landise inani iintlanga. Ngo-2010, wahlala 490 amawaka Dargin (17% yabo bebonke) kweli lizwe, yaye kwakukho kakhulu mbalwa ngo-2002 -. Amawaka 425,5.

inkulu yesithathu Kumyks. E Dagestan, ubomi bawo phantse i-15%, okanye 432 lamawaka. Man. Kancinci apho Lezghins ngaphantsi, benza i-13% yetotali yenani labafundi bebonke. Inani labantu kweli lizwe silingana phantse 388 lamawaka.

Kwakhona ngenxa kubalo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba amaqela athile bohlanga aluve ezincinane. Umzekelo, e Dagestan uhlala nje kwama-5% Laks, 4% kunye Azerbaijani Tabasaran, 3.6% - Russian, 3.2% - Chechens.

linye kwezenkolo

Abemi ezisezidolophini Dagestan kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye phantse 90% icawa. Eyona Muslim kweli lizwe. Ukuze basasaze olu unqulo sisiqalo kummandla wathi VII leminyaka. Soqobo wabonakala Derbent yaye inxalenye flat. Islam waba zonqulo kuphela XIII-XIV eminyaka.

Ngoko elide sagcina kungenxa ukunwenwa ngexesha kangangeenkulungwane ezimbini zembujiswano iimfazwe. Kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ayehlasela nangezinto uze uwahlasele Tamerlane Islam uye waba unqulo bonke abemi kwiriphabliki. Kulo mzekelo, e Dagestan, kukho ezimbini lwayo: Sunnism kunye Shiism. Eyokuqala kubo bathi kukho uninzi ingundoqo - 99% yabemi weRiphabliki Dagestan.

Labemi ephathelele i-10% abantu abangengabo amaSilamsi, abathi bangamaKristu nobuYuda. Ngelo xesha kukho Orthodox 3.8% yetotali yenani labafundi bebonke. Kwiminyaka engama-90. Dagestan waba ngaphezu 1.6 amawaka. ZamaSilamsi amabandla 7 no-4 yesikhungu. Loo inani leendawo yonqulo inika uluvo ecacileyo unqulo siyema ntoni.

iimpawu zembali

Ukwahluka uhlanga eliphuma sisiphumo sophuhliso ngembali mmandla. Dagestan njalo ku kummandla zembali neendawo ezikhoyo. Ngokwahlukeneyo ukwaba imimandla kweli lizwe: Ingozi, Akusha-of Dargo, Agul, Andria, Dido, Auch, Kaitag, Lakia, Kumykov, Salataviya, Lekiya, Tabarstan kunye nabanye.

Kummandla Dagestan mihla ibimiwe sele kwiminyaka yezigidi eyadlulayo. Ngenxa yeemfazwe ekuqaleni kule nkulungwane yeminyaka ezi Khazars iindawo bafudukela kweli ukuzithoba, yaye emva kokuba bathabatha ukubola-Mongols.

Istampu kuphuhliso yasekhohlo kunye imfazwe yesibini Russian-Persian. Kwinkulungwane XVI imikhosi yaseRashiya waseka isixeko Port-Petrovsk (Ngoku Makhachkala), kunye ngokusesikweni ehlonyelwe Russian uBukhosi, yonke emdeni oLwandle lweCaspian.

Ngenkulungwane XVII Dagestan uye waba iphondo abaseAfrika. Ke phakathi kwenkulungwane kulo mmandla yapasisa mvukelo, leyo ikhule ibe eCaucasus imfazwe. Ngenxa yoko, lamiswa njengenxenye kummandla Dagestan yoBukhosi phantsi ulawulo emkhosini-yesizwe.

Kumaxesha Soviet, i Dagestan Ukuzilawula yiSoviet Socialist Republic yasekwa. Ngowe-1993, waba weRiphabhliki Dagestan.

NeNkcubeko kunye Sports in the Republic

Ngenxa lokuqamba zalo zahlukeneyo nobuhlanga kwiriphabliki ngayo yahlukile. It ishiya uphawu yayo kuphuhliso lwenkcubeko lommandla. Umzekelo, kukho zemidlalo eziliqela zesizwe, phakathi kwabo Dargin kunye Kumyk. Old Town, kwinqaba iShushan kunye inani lamaziko isixeko Derbent zifakwe kuluhlu lwe World Heritage UNESCO. malunga 8 lamawaka Kukho. Izikhumbuzo.

Enye zotyalo inkulu North Caucasus, nto leyo ngaphezu kwe-700 lamawaka. Amaxwebhu, ukuba ibekwe kwiRiphabliki Dagestan.

Abemi kwakhona athathe inxaxheba kwezemidlalo. Le ngingqi ibe yenye yeenkokheli eRashiya kwi impumelelo lweembaleki ezifunyenweyo. Kule minyaka ingama-50 idluleyo, Dagestan idume mlilo yayo. Olympic Ngaphezu koko, abantu-10 ukusuka kummandla baba, abantu 41 zanikwa isihloko ntshatsheli 89 - nentshatsheli yaseYurophu.

izithethe zesizwe

Ngokwahlukeneyo, bonke abaphandi ikuqaphele intsomi ezizodwa Dagestan. Isiseko ilifa lokomoya kwiriphabliki ngaba zeelwimi ezininzi kunye ummandla multi-yobuhlanga. Oral-enkondlo art eyenziwe ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. It inayo zayo ezivakala isiko, uhlobo wasentsomini.

art Fine iye yaphuhliswa kuphela kwinkulungwane XX. In the Republic njengoko amagcisa kunye abakroli. Kodwa ubugcisa kunye nokuchwela buqala Bronze Age. Ngoku e Dagestan wenza izacholo ukuba ayivathise lwawo, i-inki, nokukrola. Ezinye kwimimandla baziwa ngokuba izithombe lobhedu, amanqaku ngomthi ithambo yesilivere okanye iinotshi inlay kunye, iiseramikhi ne imizobo, iikhaphethi.