Radar "Duga" Olinda isibhakabhaka yethu iminyaka 20

Ngexesha "IMfazwe" uhlangothi umnwe omnye, ubukhulu becala imijukujelwa kunye iimbumbulu yenyukliya. Nangona kunjalo, iinkokeli amazwe okwakhokelela ukuba i-blocs ephikisayo, kwaye nendawo sinamandla kwezixhobo iyabulala, ezizezi eSoviet Union kunye eUnited States, waqonda ukuba impumelelo kwimeko kokukhutshelwa kwimfazwe "iqhosha lokulayita" yayilixesha "shushu" kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba isininzi welinye icala ekhutshwe imijukujelwa ziya ngexesha ufunyaniswe ze abamba, kwaye element ngumothuko - offset. Wesuka ke ingqikelelo 'ukubhaqwa. "

Umsebenzi wenziwa macala omabini, baba imfihlelo phezulu. Ngokwakhe inqanaba ngokulungela yelizwe yokugxotha ukuhlaselwa yenyukliya yaba yimfihlo karhulumente kungekho ngaphantsi, kwaye mhlawumbi ngaphezu kwenani zikhali kunye nezithuthi zabo zonikezelo.

Kwi-USSR, imiba yophuhliso ubhaqo iinkqubo uqala of imijukujelwa ballistic ukwenza ngendlela ekhethekileyo Research Institute SIPHO, ikhokelwa ngu umyili oyintloko FA Kuzminsky, ukususela ngowe-1960.

Xa eyila inkqubo njengoko into ephambili lokubhaqwa imijukujelwa ezinobutshaba wasebenzisa kubonakala ukusuka uphawu perturbing ionosphere eveliswa ngexesha lokuqalisa-up kunye nemilomo itotshi eyenziwe.

Ngo-1970, i-radar onamava "Duga", oko kukuthi, igama elinikiweyo kule projekthi phantse ukulungele kwaye kuvavanywa imijukujelwa Soviet, iithagethi Sanduluka kwi Baikonur Cosmodrome, iinqanawa Pacific iFleet izindululi komhlaba-esekelwe kwi-East Far. Radar yabonisa impumelelo entle imali encinane ukungenela le ionosphere. Urhulumente uye wagqiba ukwakha radar enamandla "Duga" kwi kummandla Mykolaiv. Le ndawo wakhethwa hayi ngengozi, esi sikhululo akwazi ukuyilawula yonke indawo ngaphezu kuLwandle Black, Turkey, uSirayeli kunye enkulu yaseYurophu kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-3,000. indlela zenzeka imeko ngakumbi ngamazwe ngalo mzuzu, unako ndiyaqonda kuphela.

I-esifaneleyo radar "Duga" wema qwa ngomhla wesikhumbuzo 54 October Revolution. Nangona imeko yabucala, ecaleni ngokupheleleyo kwakunzima ulwazi ukuba avuze ukusuka kwisikhululo yokulandelela waba dimensions enkulu, antenna okuphakama kwawo leemitha 135, kwaye ubude yaba likhulu leemitha. Ukongeza, i "Arc" uphazamiseko Radar Radio wadala ngokohlobo pulses efana enkqonkqoza, kuba abasamkelayo, phantse nangoko, isiteketiso "esimibalabala Russian" emkhosini amazwe NATO benza Ubukrelekrele elektroniki. Noko ke, ezinye ulwazi utshaba enokwenzeka kunokuba ukuba luncedo. It abangaphangeliyo ikratshi ngokugqithiseleyo kunye ukulwa kwaye zipholile iintloko ezishushu ntlanu elamiselwa evela nomda kwinani zikhali, kwakunye phambi kwabaxhobileyo imijukujelwa iza indlela caba "Tomahawk", nto leyo ukubona kwakunzima radar oluqhelekileyo.

Radar "Doug" yaba kakhulu amandla-olunzulu, ngoko ke zimbini zilandelayo sample ayo enyusiweyo kufuphi mveliso. Emva kokuba ngozi eChernobyl, omnye wabo kwafuneka ukuba ivaliwe ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo. Uxhathiso sezantsi kwesikhundla uphawu ngenxa kunye kwinqanaba eliphezulu sokuphamazisa ionospheric uqhutyelwe ukuba ayeke ukuqhuba le ezimbini ezishiyekileyo. Baye indawo isizukulwana esitsha benkqubo ukubhaqwa.