Amanzi amanzi: iintlobo, iimpawu, ingozi kubantu

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba kukho iikiti ezihlala emahlathini kwaye zimela ingozi enkulu kubantu. Izalamane zabo ezihlala kwiindawo zokuhlala zabantu, nazo, zibangela iingxaki ezininzi. Kukho amacwecwe awonakalisa ubutyebi besizwe: achithe izityalo kwaye ahlalise izilwanyana.

I-subclass yamakethi ayifumene nenkazimulo eyinqabileyo ngokwenene ... Ezinye iintlobo zibulala kangangokuthi umntu uthatha onke amanyathelo okunokwenzeka ukuwachitha. Kodwa kwicala layo inzuzo kulo mfazwe elidala leminyaka isengumbuzo omkhulu.

Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yeentsapho kunye nodumo lwababulali abangenabubele kunye nezinambuzane ezingenakunqandwa, izilwanyana zamanzi zibonakala zingekho nengozi. Abaninzi abazange bakuve ngeli qela. Inqaku lethu liya kunceda ukuzalisa le ngcewa kwaye uxele ngeendlela zobomi bezilwanyana.

Ulwazi jikelele

Into yokuqala yokugxila kuyo yintlobo yokubambisana. Abanye abantu baphazamisa ngokukhawuleza iikethi njengezinambuzane, kodwa oku akunjalo. Zabo be-arachnids.

Intsapho ibizwa ngokuthi yi Hydrachnidae. Ubomi bobu bomi buhambelana nommandla wamanzi, kodwa kwimikhwa iyafana ne-arachnids yomhlaba kunezinye izilwanyana zasemanzini.

Kubonakala

Khawucinge ngendlela okubonakala ngayo amanzi. Iifayile zinceda ukubonisa ngokucacileyo oku.

Njengazo zonke i-arachnids, zinemibhobho emine yemilenze. Umzimba ojikeleziweyo uqukethe isisu kunye nentloko encinci. Uninzi lwabameli beqela linamanani amancinci, ukuya kuma-2-3 mm.

Njengomthetho, umzimba unombala oqaqambileyo, ukususela kwibala elibomvu ukuya ebomvu. Ezinye iindidi zamanzi ezitshiziweyo zihlotshiswe ngemihlobiso.

I-Helicya (imihlathi) iphuhliswa, kunye neepipipalps (maxillary tentacles) zixhotywe ngeengqungquthela okanye izikhonkwane. Kubantu abadala, imilenze ininzi kakhulu kunomzimba kwaye ixhotywe ngeempahla ezifunekayo zokuhamba emanzini.

Iikitikiti zineebini okanye ezine amehlo. Ngokwezinzululwazi, banamehlo obalaseleyo, okubangela ukuba bahambe kwiindawo ezinzima.

Ukuqwalasela ngokubanzi iinkcukacha zokuthi i-water mite ibonakala njani, inokwenzeka kuphela phantsi kwe-microscope. Kodwa ukuqokelelwa kwezibhedlele kumninimzi kungabonwa ngeso iso. Ngokomzekelo, amabala obomvu kumqolo kunye namacala emitha-mitha yamanzi ayikho enye i-colony yezibungu.

Ukuzingela nokutya

Amaninzi amaninzi ngamanzi abazingeli abahle kunye nezidlo. Zondla kwi-zooplankton, ngamanye amaxesha zihlasela ezinye i-invertebrates. Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana zenza i-parasitize, ngelixa ezinye zikhetha izityalo zemveli kunye ne-detritus.

Uninzi lweentlobo zezilwanyana ezixhamlayo zondla ezinambuzane zamanzi, ezinye ziyingozi kwiilluski. I-parasitism yale nqela yamanzi amanzi kwiimeko ezininzi ayithwala umngcipheko wokufa kumnini, kodwa unobungozi kwimpilo yakhe, inokuphazamisa indlela yobomi, ibuthathaka kwaye ibangela ukuphazamiseka.

Indawo

Phakathi kwezityalo zasemanzini emanzini angenanto yamanzi ahlambulukileyo kukho iindidi ezininzi zamanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zilwanyana zihlala emachibi, emachibini, emanzini, emifuleni, emininzi yamanzi emifula kunye nangaphandle kokumisa amahlathi.

Abameli beli qela basasazeka phantse yonke indawo. Inani elincinane kakhulu leentlobo liyakwazi ukusinda kwiityuwa zamanzi.

Physiology

Zonke iindidi zamanzi ziphefumla, zixhamla zichithwe kumanzi oksijini womhlaba. Umngcipheko woxinzelelo oluyimfuneko uphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kukho enye inxalenye ye-oksijini nganye yezigidi zamanzi, zanele ngokwaneleyo. Ngenxa yoko, izinga lokusinda kumanzi angcolileyo liphezulu kakhulu.

Iikitikiti zikhula nge-metamorphosis, oko kukuthi, izibungu zihluke kakhulu kubantu abadala ngokubonakala.

Ikhakiti ibonakala ekukhanyeni ngemilenze emithandathu. Zininzi iintlobo zezilwanyana zenze i-parasitize kwisigaba esinqabileyo. Emva koko izibungu ziya kuba nomjikelezo wobomi obunzima. Kuquka izigaba ezintathu zentsapho. I-larva pupates iya kuba yinyamva kamva. Ama-Nymphs afana ne-imago, kwaye indlela yakhe yobomi iselula kakhulu. Qalisa imizamo yokuqala yokufunda ngokuzimeleyo kwindalo, ukuqonda izakhono zokuzingela. Emva kwexesha elithile, i-nymph iphinda iphenduke i-pupa ukuba ibe ngumdala.

Abantu abasweleyo bachitha ixesha labo kwiindawo ezikhukhulayo, bazibandakanya kwisilwanyana okanye kwisityalo esisisigxina kunye nekhoyo kwiindleko zayo. Ekubhapheni kwamahhala unokubona kuphela izilwanyana ezivuthiweyo zesini.

Ngubani uGladys?

Amatye amanzi amaninzi adla ngokungafaniyo nesinye isidalwa esingavamile. Enyanisweni, i-gladysh yinkomo yamanzi. Indlela yakhe yobomi ifana neyakhe i-arachnids yamanzi, ininzi yobomi i-bug-gladysch nayo isebenzisa emzimbeni wamanzi. Kodwa ezi zinto azikude kubudlelwane obude.

Akunakuphi ukudibanisa? Ukulinganisa ubukhulu kwaye ubale imilenze. U-Gladysh ukhulu, kwaye unamalungu amabini eembumba.

Kungekudala, le nto inambuzane ithathelwe ingqalelo yongqwalaselo olwandisiweyo lwabasebenzisi abasebenzayo beNethiwekhi. Kwizinto ezininzi ezinobungqina, iindaba ezibuxoki zengozi ebulalayo ye-funysch, ekuthiwa inako ukufa umntu onempilo ngemihla emibini nje, isasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Isizathu siyinxalenye ekhethekileyo yezi zidalwa. Isithunzi somfana onomhlaza weqanda kumqolo sibukeka singavamile, kwaye yimi baninzi bakholelwa kumfanekiso ohamba kunye nesicatshulwa esisabekayo.

Kodwa le ndoda ayibonakali nengozi. Enyanisweni, nawaphi na amathuba okubamba ezandleni zakhe akufanelekanga - njengezihlobo ezininzi-izibhedlele, unokubuhlungu xa eziva ukuba yena okanye abantwana bakhe basongelwa.

Ingozi yamanzi ebomvu kubantu

Ayiyingozi kubantu kunye nabemi abanobubhozo obunesibhozo samanzi. Iikitikiti azikwazi ukuluma, ngaphantsi ngaphaya kwesikhumba. Le ntsapho iyondla ukutya kwezityalo kunye neplankton. Iintlobo ze-parasitizing azinanomdla kubantu.