Ziziphi iintlobo zomtshato?

Iifom zomtshato ezikhoyo kumazwe ahlukeneyo azihlali zingatshintshi. Njengomthetho, nakulo naluphi na uluntu lwanamhlanje ukuba "lusemthethweni" ubudlelwane phakathi komfazi kunye nendoda efuna ukuqala intsapho, ukukhokelela epulazini kunye kunye nokukhulisa abantwana abaqhelekileyo. Umthendeleko womtshato ungasesikweni, xa abasandul 'ukutshata banokufumana isatifikethi sokubhalisa kwiofisi yokubhalisa, kunye necawa, apho umanyano wabantu ababini ongenakucingwa ngaphandle kokubamba umkhosi wenkolo.

Imbali

Kwabantu ngabanye, iifom zabo zomtshato zidibene neenkcubeko ezithile namasiko. Ingcamango yentsapho ngemihla yaseRoma yakudala yayidibene nento engcwele, kwaye umtshato wayesele uhlobo lwekhontrakthi esemthethweni phakathi kwabantu ababini, kwaye loo ntokazi wayedla ngokuthatha isigqibo malunga nomtshato, ngokuqwalasela ukuthanda kwabazali bakhe.

Ngelo xesha, iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zonqulo zazisetyenziselwa ukubopha umanyano, owawunomtsalane womtshato wamaKristu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwi-Ubukhosi baseRoma , ukubhaliswa komtshato kwakungekho kuphela kumasiko, kwaye amagosa akwenza amaphepha omthetho, ngokubhekiselele kuwo abantwana abaza kudla ilifa labazali babo.

Nangemva kokusabalaliswa kobuKristu eByzantium, kwada kwinyanga yeshumi elinanye, kwakukho iintlobo ezimbini zomtshato-umtshato ebandleni kunye nokuqhelana ngokuqhelekileyo. Kwaye ukuhlala kunye nokuhlala kunye nabasetyhini kunye nabasemasitheni bakhululekileyo babalingana nokudalwa kwintsapho. Ngaphandle kwecawa yesithethe, umtshato uthathwa njengento efanelekileyo, ukuba bekuhlala iminyaka engaphezu konyaka, eli qiniso lingaqinisekiswa ngamangqina ahlukeneyo, kwaye amaxwebhu ayatholakala ukuba umyeni wathola i-dowry kumzali wabafazi bakhe. Kuphela kwi-XI leminyaka, umtshato waseByzantium ngowona kuphela uhlobo lomtshato osemthethweni.

Ixesha langoku

Ngamhla, iintlobo zembali zentsapho kunye nomtshato ziya kuba yinto eyadlulayo, abantu abaninzi baseYurophu nakwiindawo zendawo engezantsi zaseSoviet abazibhalisanga ngokusemthethweni ubudlelwane babo ngokubanzi, okanye baqeshwe kwimicimbi yombutho kwi-ofisi yokubhalisa. Ukubambisana kunye nokugcina umkhosi wenkolo ngoku ungenalo igunya lomthetho, ngoko ke isibini sizalela umgaqo odibeneyo kunye nokufumana ilungelo lokulidla ilifa leli qabane, kufuneka ubhalise ulwalamano lwakho ngokusemthethweni. Nangona kunjalo, iintlobo ezintsha zeentsebenziswano phakathi kwendoda nomfazi ibonakale, kubandakanywa umtshato ovulekileyo, osisigxina, uvakatye, ukungalingani kunye noqhelana.

Ngoko ke, ezinye iintsapho nangona emva kwegosa elithi "ukusemthethweni" lobudlelwane bakhetha ukuziphatha ngokubambisana njengendwendwe. Bahlala kwiindawo zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo, musa ukuzibandakanya ekulawuleni ngokubambisana nefama kunye nokuhlangana kuphela ngeveki okanye kanye ngenyanga. Umtshato ovulekileyo unikeza isivumelwano esivumelanayo sokuba ngamnye umfazi angenza, ukuba afunayo, ukhokele ubomi bocansi ngecala, kwaye ukuziphatha okunjalo akuyi kuthatyathwa njengento yokugwenxa.

Kwiminyaka emva nje, iindlela eziqhelekileyo zomtshato ziye zavela, kubandakanya ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabantu abesini ngokwesini kunye nobhaliso lwentsapho olusesikweni emva kokufa komnye wabatshatileyo. Kwamanye amazwe, iintlobo ezinjalo zokubhalisa ngokusemthethweni ubudlelwane ziyabonakala zivumelekile, nangona kunjalo kumazwe amaninzi omtshato wesini ngokwabelana ngokwabelana ngokwasemthethweni , ayabonwa ngokungekho mthethweni kwaye akanalo uphawu lomthetho.

Ukubhaliswa kwangasemva kufana neemeko xa omnye umntu oza kutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi komtshato. Oku kuyimfuneko kumntu wesibini, ofumana isikhundla somhlolokazi kwaye angathembela kuzo zonke iintlawulo okanye iinzuzo ezibangelwa ngumthetho, ngaphandle kwelungelo lokufumana ilifa lomfi. Zonke iindidi zomtshato, nangona zintlukwano ezahlukeneyo, zinikezela ukudala intsapho yentando esandula ukukhulula kunye nemvume yabo yokubambisana ukwenza enye "iyunithi yentlalo".