Zisusa categorical Kant esithi: kakuhle iimfundiso zesithandi-sobulumko enkulu?

Yintoni i "kunyanzelekile categorical Emanuila ezipheleleyo (Immanuel Kant) '? Philosophy - isakhiwo isayensi bedidekile. Noko ke, masibe ingqinelane phambi kokuba babuyele kwithiyori. Njani na kowomileyo, ongwevu, uyadika isonka nje lidala. Kodwa ke isonka isonka, ukuba intloko yonke, aninako ulilahle kude, akukho ubonakala njani "akunakwenzeka" ukuze.
Ngoko ke, iimfuno categorical ka kant I. - it aliqulunqileyo "umthetho wokuziphatha 'yakhe, apho umntu kufuneka' senze ukuze zithi wokuziphatha wakhe ngenxa yokuthanda kwakhe kuba umthetho jikelele wendalo." Ngamanye amazwi, xa umntu efuna ukuba bazibandakanye yokuziphatha ngokwenene, kuyimfuneko ukuba sithathe isigqibo yokusondela ngamnye izigwebo kunye nezenzo zawo, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi okanye emva kokuba (ekukhethwa ukuba "phambi"), beme umzuzwana, ukuze sime, ukuba uphume emzimbeni wenu, kude ezingqondweni engaguqukiyo ezikhoyo , izithethe kunye nemigaqo yokuziphatha ukuba ukwala ingqiqo nokunika uhlolo lokwenyaniso okwenzekayo:

• Yenza isenzo lakho, isigwebo sakho (salandelwa indlela yakho) ube ngumthetho enye jikelele;
• ukuba umntu onikwe ubuso benu isenzo, ixabiso liphezulu, okanye yindlela ukuphumeza iinjongo zakho;
• bethanda ukuba zonke izenzo zakho ngenxa yesininzi, ukuze kuxhamle lonke uluntu.

Isiphakamiso lokugqibela izandi kancinane ayinyamezeleki, kodwa apha kukho "isiphumo ibhabhathane" - zethu zonke umnqweno, iingcinga, iimvakalelo, phupha kunye nethemba, nkqu ngohlobo yokungcoliswa, Ehleli, kukhuliswe endlala. Ayikho into iyaphela ngaphandle, azafunyanelwa ndawo. Kwaye akukho mntu waziyo ukuba uya kusabela njani kwaye yintoni uya kuthi umphefumlo omnye umntu. Ngoko simele silumke kwaye athathe uxanduva lokungcangcazela nganye ngaphakathi, kuba njalo ubomi bethu, kuba uyakwazi ukutshintsha yonke into ngaphaya ingqalelo ebomini bethu ubomi bomnye umntu.

Immanuel Kant: ngekhubalo categorical

Kwaye ngoku ke nanku umbuzo: "Ngaba kunokwenzeka, ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba baphile, belandela ingcamango ebizwa ngokuba" zisusa categorical kant Xikwembu "? Xa umsebenzi wakhe, ekugwebeni yakhe sobulumko omkhulu umema umfundi ukuzibandakanya kwingxoxo odibeneyo sihloko kwaye ujonge wena, ukusoloko kuzo zonke umntu ngendlela ezahlukeneyo ...

Ngokutsho umbhali, kuzo zonke, nkqu mntu yokuziphatha iye ubuza inkoliseko ethile, ukuziphatha yokwenene, etyelwe kuthi ukususela ekuzalweni. Kuyinto kwemibandela. Yinto ogqibeleleyo. Umzekelo, "ingqondo yam, wit namandla yomgwebo" okanye "isibindi, ukuzimisela, ukuzibophelela" - iimpawu ezintle ezithandekayo nawuphi na umntu. Kodwa ke enye into. Kwaye phezu kwelinye? Ukuze babe ngokugqithisileyo 'ububi neyingozi "ngaphandle kobukho omhle. Ngokugqithiseleyo isuka emntwini wenyama umnqweno mnandi nolonwabo akubeka ingqondo yethu ngomgca ne ulonwabo. Ngokomzekelo, namhlanje umntu olungileyo yaye uthembekile, kuba kubonakala kulungile emehlweni abanye abantu, kwaye oku kuziphatha isinika uhlobo iziyolo "ngokungangqalanga". Ukuba ngomso inyathelo elungileyo, ethembakeleyo phezu kwelinye icala isilingo enkulu okanye isoyikiso kubomi babantu? Kufuneka wenze ntoni kule meko? Nawuphi phawu ubhalo, yonke italente, nokuba yintoni na ezinqwenelwayo, inyathelo okanye umgwebo ngaphandle ukuziphatha lokwenene zijolise ekuphuculeni engqondweni kwaye hayi ukuze kulungelwe uluntu, kwaye esanelisa iimfuno zabantu yokuzingca.

Nakuba kunjalo, siye eliganelwe ekuqaleni ethile umgaqo ephakamileyo engathembisi ukuba namhlanje okanye ngomso siya kuba bakhanyiselwa. Oko kunceda kuphela ekumiseleni sibe yimbumba efanelekileyo yokuziphatha. Le njengesibane ezandleni zomntu lowo iquka indlela yakhe. Kodwa apho ukuya, apho icala, kubani yaye yintoni injongo, ukhetho bube bobethu, yaye ifanele ukufumaneka simahla. I ukukhetha elinye okanye enye indlela, mna ke phofu, itotshi wam kukhanyise indlela yam, yaye ndibona ezinye namatye akhubeke, ngoko mna ndedwa kuthatha uxanduva ubomi babo. Kakade ke, ngaphandle kokuthandabuza yaye musani kuwa, kodwa zilandelwa yi ngokuvela ukuzisola kunye nolwazi nina kweli hlabathi, nokuba kukho kwihlabathi jikelele. Wathi umfo ngoko ngokuzithandela, uyazi, ngengqiqo ungena endleleni ngaphantsi imithetho yokuziphatha. Le isangqa obungunaphakade, batyhutyha komnye yokuziphatha, yaye ngenxa yoko free. Enkosi kuye, umntu azive ekhululekile, uze ke yokuziphatha. Ngoko ke, iimfuno categorical kant kaThixo ayikwazi namhlanje, ngomso abe nempumelelo. Oko kukuthi, ngokutsho sobulumko ngokwakhe, loo mntu kufuneka njengesiseko, into efunekayo, into ukulandela, kuba ukuba udala umthetho izinto umsebenzi zombini umntu ngamnye kwaye abantu luphela, wena okuziphatha kweliphezulu intsingiselo yegama. Yintoni esiyithethayo esiphelweni? Njengoko bathi, kunyanzelekile categorical Kant kaThixo abe yesithandathu ubungqina bobukho bukaThixo. Kutheni? Ewe, ngenxa yokuba ngaphandle kokuba nokholo kuThixo, eli kwiimfundiso sobulumko waseJamani ilingana zero. Lisekelwe postulates ezintathu. Lokuqala - inkolelo kuThixo luphawu efanelekileyo yokuziphatha apho nizondelele, nokholo lokwenyaniso kuphela uMdali unika Kukuqonda ukuba umntu ixabiso liphezulu, ekubeni yayiyimini sidalwe ngokomfanekiso kunye wakhe ngokufana. Okwesibini - nokungafi komphefumlo, kuba nguye kuphela kwixesha elide umphefumlo Infinity sivumelane ngokupheleleyo kunye kakhulu categorical. Kwaye eyesithathu - inkululeko nto yimbi ngaphandle intando, ilawulwe umthetho wokuziphatha.