Zeziphi iintyatyambo? Amagama iintyatyambo egadini. Biology: iintyatyambo (isakhiwo)

kweentyatyambo sebe kwiklasi enkulu zezityalo kuwowonke Namagatya akhe kwanciphisa ezizodwa kancincane - iintyatyambo. Mu kuya kwa nshita amalungu kwezityalo (iingcambu, amagqabi kunye namasebe), bona, kunye iimbewu kunye neziqhamo, enze umsebenzi kubalulekile okuzala. Kweli nqaku siza kukhangela izihloko embalwa kakhulu, kuquka isakhiwo wentyatyambo nezibilini zalo oyintloko umsebenzi. Siya kuthetha ntoni na iintyatyambo, bona zihlelwa kunye kwahluka enye kwenye.

Biology: iintyatyambo. Isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi esiqwini

Kwindalo, kukho iindidi ngeendidi imibala, zahlukile nganye isakhiwo kwezinye, umbala kunye nobukhulu. Ngamnye kubo zantle indlela yaso. Izazi ingqalelo intyantyambo njengoko ilungu leqela kuyimfuneko yokuvelisa imbewu. Ngokubanzi, kuba iqulathe ezintathu:

• stem (isitsha, pedicel);
• iipleyiti (zalo, sepals);
• okuzala (pistil (s), stamens).

Le imbali iqhotyoshelwe phezulu ukubaleka kunye ngoncedo peduncle - organelle ekhethekileyo evuthelweyo, koqhubekeko izikhondo.

Xa iintyatyambo ezithile ezifana nojongilanga, umbona, willow, ngeplantain, clover intyatyambo yimpontshane ngenkankulu ephawuleka ngenxa kunciphisa lwabo olomeleleyo. Iziza silahla - ephezulu, yinxalenye ebanzi likhaba intyatyambo - amalungiselelo uluthi, stamens pistils kunye Corolla (enye okanye ezininzi). Silahla kungaba ngobukhulu kwaye imilo eyahlukileyo - khaxa (raspberry), tyaba (camomile), phakathi (rosehips, cherry) okanye side (avens).

Sheet wentyatyambo

Uluthi liqumrhu eliquka amagqabi waziqulunqa ngokutsha (sepals). Owona msebenzi walo ukukhusela amalungu zangaphakathi intyatyambo phambi ithupha liqhuma. Uluthi razdelnolistnoy zingaba (ukuba sepals bahlukana) okanye gamophyllous (ukuba ngaba ezinyibilikiswe). Corolla yeyona ecacileyo, inxalenye ebalulekileyo kule mbali. It iqulathe ezinamagqabi flower ukuba izityalo ezahlukeneyo zinokwahluka kakhulu kwimilo (tubular, intsimbi-emile, ejikelezayo, kwaye nengenisa al.) Yaye umbala. Eyona misebenzi iphambili le nkundla - nokukhuselwa pistil kunye stamens ziimeko engentle yokusingqongileyo nomtsalane ezisasaza izinambuzane. Corolla kunye uluthi wentyatyambo up kumaqweqwe, ezibizwa perianth. Kunokuba elula, kuqulethe intergrows ezifanayo simahla okanye amagqabi, okanye ezintsonkothileyo, neenkalo ngokucacileyo Corolla kunye uluthi, eziya kwahluka kakhulu enye kwenye ubungakanani kunye nombala. Simple perianth ekhoyo inyibiba entilini kunye amahle, kunye nezintsonkothileyo - intsimbi, carnations, petunias namaqunube. Kukho iintyatyambo engeva ngokupheleleyo isiqalelo bathi, zibizwa ngokuba ze (willow, uthuthu). Ke kaloku, ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na ezi ntyatyambo ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa ubume Corolla kunye uluthi. Okulandelayo, siza kukuxelela malunga amalungu wentyatyambo, bethwele umsebenzi okuzala.

inxalenye okuzala wentyatyambo

Stamens kunye pistils - iinxalenye ezibalulekileyo intyatyambo. Bona apha kwiziko. Stamens zilungiselelwe kwizangqa enye okanye ngaphezulu kufutshane ngohlangothi perianth yangaphakathi kwaye ziqulathe zixhobo kunye anther apho umungu iveliswa. Pistil iqulathe iinxalenye 3: kwikholam, ibala kunye maqanda. Le yokugqibela iqulathe Umselu, apho kuvela emva kokukhulelwa imbewu. Ezininzi izityalo ezo zibe pistil kunye stamens ezininzi - ukusuka kwemithathu ukuya kwikhulu. Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba ulala. Ezinye imibala, ezifana e Cannes, kukho istameni enye kuphela. Kukho izityalo abakhoyo nokuba stamens okanye pistils. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba sex obufanayo - staminate okanye pistillate. Ezinye imibala efana cornflower kajongilanga ngokubanzi akukho mntu okanye omnye umzimba. Ngako oko ke kuthiwa maqanda. Yeyiphi imibala kule meko? Izityalo ngaxeshanye Sinawo staminate kunye pistillate iintyatyambo kuthiwa monoecious. Abameli beli qela zezona ithanga, um-oki, yemixoxozi, umbona. Ukuba iintyatyambo inkunzi nemazi ke abantu ezahlukeneyo (iimeko), izityalo kuthiwa dioecious. Imizekelo zinjalo willow, yebhalsam, ulwandle-sihlahla.

Iindidi imibala

Nangona isibakala sokuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo elungisiweyo amahlumelo, enze imisebenzi okuvelisa inzala, abe isakhiwo efanayo, kubonakala ukuba ziyahluka kakhulu. isayizi yazo ingahluka ndlela (y duckweeds) kwaye ukuya kutsho kwimitha enye ububanzi. Enye iintlobo ezininzi umdla enezityalo Kuyashisa Rafflesia. It has iintyatyambo enkulu ehlabathini, eziqhuma ngevumba Ibiya ezibolayo inyama. Ezinye izityalo, ezifana jasmine igadi, rose, inyibiba bentili, nomfi livumba elithozamisayo. Oku, ivumba gentle ngokugqibeleleyo ibangelwa oli ezithile ezibalulekileyo, ezo kwasekwa kwiiseli ze epidermal umaleko iintyatyambo kunye perianth. Iintyatyambo zezityalo ezininzi afakwa ubuhle ezizodwa kwaye unike abantu ulonwabo kubuhle. Enye iintyatyambo ezininzi ezintle kuthathwa wavuka kunye orchid.

ngegrafu zalo

Makhe sijonge oko ke umbala intyatyambo. Emthunzini ezinamagqabi ukuba chromoplasts nje kuphela, kodwa idayi ezikhethekileyo - zombala cell incindi. Umzekelo, anthocyanin imisela ezipinki, obomvu, oluhlaza, okanye nemisonto umbala Corolla antofein - mdaka, carotenoids - tyheli, bomvu-orenji, njalo njalo Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, umbala sembali zingatshintsha emini -., Kuxhomekeka asidi yeseli incindi. Umzekelo, iintyatyambo ze umbala izityalo Victoria amazonica ukutshintsha off-emhlophe pink aze emva koko ukuze ebomvu.
White sembali umbala (umzekelo, icherry, iinyibiba, apile) kumiselwa kukungabikho zombala nokubengezela reyi ukukhanya. Ingaba zikhona omnyama? Hayi, oku sombala kwi iintyatyambo. umbala Dark basebumnyameni nemfusa elizele okanye yinto enye shades grupo.

zasendle

Kukho malunga nesiqingatha sesigidi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo ehlathini kunye entsimini. Kodwa iye yachazwa 290 kuphela kwabo, waza wavuka igama layo. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, iintyatyambo zasendle (photo ibonisa iyantlukwano yabo) zasetyenziselwa imveliso imithi. Kwaye akukho nto, ekubeni abaninzi kubo ephilisa iipropati. Abameli ubalaseleyo zezi: cornflower, mbali, poppy, iintsimbi, Dandelions, ntyatyambo, Ungayilibali-kum. Cornflowers - oku kuyinto kakhulu Iintyatyambo ezintle oluhlaza oqaqambileyo. Ngokufuthi ukukhula kwimihlaba zengqolowa. poppy Field ukuma ngenxa ebomvu, ezinamagqabi zizityebi 'umlilo ". Found ecaleni roadsides, amaqashiso ezingenabantu, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu emaqeleni. chamomile Field has intyatyambo entle intloko olutyheli kunye ezinamagqabi ezimhlophe. Chamomile esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi unyango lwezifo ezininzi, kuquka unyango yethumbu, isibindi, umqala kunye kwisisu ngomlomo.

iintyatyambo ehlathini. Yintoni nombala snowdrops?

Iintyatyambo idumileyo ezikhulayo ehlathini, zezona anemone, Wort, iinyibiba, snowdrops, nangwevu eqhelekileyo eSt Johns kunye nabanye. Isithomo sabo ushiya akekho ngabandayo. Kodwa ke eyona exhamle ubuncwane zonke ukwahluka ubukumkani amahlathi imbali a snowdrop. Yena kuqala ivela kwi zinyibilikisiwe, ngqo ukusuka ikhephu, kwaye Libonakalisa ngokuza entlakohlaza. Ngaba uyazi ukuba nombala snowdrops?

Amaninzi, ezi primroses ngobunono kufuneka ezinamagqabi intsimbi-ezimile emhlophe. Kodwa kukho oluhlaza libunile, kwaye oluhlaza. snowdrops kowazo kuquka malunga ezimbini kweshumi, elaziwa phakathi kwabo zithathwa Galanthus nivalis, snowdrop Elvis, abaseAfrika kunye nabanye. Bona kukhula kwi penumbra, phantsi isinyuko kwemithi namatyholo.

Enye izityalo ezininzi ezixabisekileyo ehlathini ithathwa ngokuba Wort eSt uYohane. Funda ukuba singaba branched iziqu kunye noxwebhu ovate-lume zinomphezulu egudileyo. Le ntyatyambo ingaphelelwayo herbaceous eziqaqambileyo yellow. Wort St. kaYohane kusetyenziswa amayeza njengento anti-ukudumba, elwa kunye nearhente hemostatic.

iintyatyambo garden Beautiful

Iintyatyambo Garden - iqela elikhulu ezokuhombisa, leyo eyenzelwe ukuba ukuhombisa ubomi bethu kunye yeefama ennoble. Bangakwazi zihlelwe ngendlela ethile iparameters. Umzekelo, iintyatyambo egadi badla yahlulwe subgroups ezintathu - annuals, biennials kunye Perennials. By the nabalulamileyo kwaye ngaxeshanye annuals eziqaqambileyo ezintle zithathwa ukuba pansy, marigold (calendula), alyssum, nasturtium. Perennials - i ntyatyambo zokuhombisa eziqagcinayo iimpawu zazo ebalaseleyo kangangeminyaka eliqela. Ngabo ilungele nayiphi igadi, akudingi abohlukeneyo yonyaka kunye nokhathalelo kakhulu. Zeziphi iintyatyambo? Amagama ezi Perennials ezaziwayo-kakuhle imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo :. Astilbe, wavuka, peony, saxifrage, daylily, campion, crocus, daffodil, eTulip, njl Izityalo ingaphelelwayo kakhulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle babonwa imipha, Purple, carnation Turkish, foxglove, hollyhock, njl ..