ZeGestalt ezingagqitywanga. Imfundiso amanyathelo engaphelelanga in zeGestalt

Ngenkulungwane yokuqala omabini, icala yasekwa eJamani e bengqondo, leyo yaziwa ngokuba "zeGestalt". Lakhe mbono yesayensi Gestaltists eyakhelwe yokuba kwimbono yehlabathi ngokusekelwe Iimbono zabantu sensory nezengqikelelo izinto ezinzulu njengoko nezakhiwo edibeneyo, ayahlukahlukenanga zibe kumacandelo ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, xa umntu eyibona into eqhelekileyo kunye iindawo ezilahlekileyo, ingqondo yakhe idla ukuncedisana umxholo kunye "phakathi yokudweba 'ilahlekelwe ingxenye engcono.

Ngendlela efanayo, abantu badla ukugqiba, ukuze iphakamise kwaye bazise nengqondo izenzo yonke engagqitywanga iimvakalelo untried, ekungathethwayo kude kube sekupheleni iimvakalelo kunye neengcinga. Ukugqitywa Umgaqo obenza isiseko ubuchule ngokwasengqondweni unyango zeGestalt ezisekelwe F.Perlzom. Wayekholelwa ukuba umntu usoloko efuna ukugqiba zeGestalt engagqitywanga, ndiwufeze gqitywanga kwaye ukuphumeza ingqiqo ingqibelelo kunye nemvisiswano. Xa ezi okanye ezinye iziganeko zobomi kunye neemeko, kwakunye iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo ezinxulumene nazo, bafikelele kwisigqibo esisiso, umntu uqala imo ezolileyo kunye nokuzithemba, waqonda ngokwasemoyeni nje kuphela, kodwa kwinqanaba emzimbeni.

Kutheth 'ukuthini ukuba ukugqibezela zeGestalt? Oku kuthetha ukuhlangabezana nemfuno, engundoqo kwaye ebalulekileyo kubomi langoku, i walibona owaziva ngayo amanqanaba emzimbeni, emphefumlweni kunye nokucinga. In zeGestalt psychology - ukuvela nolwaneliseko iimfuno - yinto uthotho imfundo kunye Ukugqibezela zeGestalt. Ngokomfanekiso, zonke imfuno zabantu - umzobo eliqaqambileyo lula xa usithelekisa imvelaphi yokuphila. Xa kukho imfuneko kwenziwe, lo mfanekiso uhamba, oko kwakhawuleza ngasemva ejikelezileyo, kodwa kukho omnye nani, kunye nemfuneko ephakamileyo kubaluleke ngakumbi, isithunzela lo mzobo ecace mhlophe. zeGestalt ezingaphelelanga - uphazamiseka umjikelo potrebnostno okanye imeko nedovvedennaya ngokweemvakalelo lafikelela esiphelweni esisengqiqweni. Kwenzeka ntoni yaye ngoba? Izizathu oku kwahluka kakhulu. Kusenokuba iimeko zangaphandle okanye zentlalo nezithintelo intrapersonal kunye nezithintelo ezibekwe yi imfundo. Kulungile, ngoko yintoni - xelela umntu. Kulindelwe inyathelo akuthethi isiphelo sobomi, kuya kwenzeka ntoni? Ewe, impilo iyaqhubeka, kodwa njani kwaye yintoni? Zonke imfuneko ukufuduka kwabasebenzi, ngokukodwa ngokunzulu kakhulu, kukhokelela kuxinezeleko. Uxinzelelo olubangelwa lowo engaphelelanga kufuneka incompleteness olwakha omnye. Ngoko ke, ngokuthe ngcembe, ubomi iba uthotho yeentsilelo, iimvakalelo usenokude iimvakalelo, nto leyo ekhokelela nesithukuthezi kunye yokungasebenzi.

Ngokweemvakalelo zeGestalt engaphelelanga - lo unxunguphalo, intlungu nomsindo, usizi Ndilicukuceze ezenzeka ngaxa lithile kwixesha elidlulileyo xa nabazali, abathandi, abantwana, owakwakhe, kwaye awufunyaniswanga va waza wavakalisa. zeGestalt engagqitywanga kungaba ukusuka uthando ezingabuyekezekiyo, kungekhona ezidlulileyo izenzo ezivelayo kwaye zingqondweni imizwa yecala , njl

Zeetheraphisti bathi zeGestalt ayiphelelanga yenza umntu beza emva kuyo, ukuze ezo mvakalelo ekungathethwayo, amava okanye izenzo uphazanyiswa, uzama ngandlela thile kwakhona ukuzikhulula kuzo ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Amaxesha amaninzi abazali enyanzela abantwana ukuba enze izenzo ezithile kunye nezenzo, ezama ukuba ugqibe zeGestalt yakhe yokugqibela phahla. Kodwa ke amaxesha amaninzi umntu ezama ukunqanda ngelinye ixesha ngokupheleleyo inkqubela, ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza ukuxhomekeka elidlulileyo. Oku kuquka iindlela ukunqanda abathintela i iimfuno zingqondweni asakhulayo kunye neminqweno, xa kungaqatshelwanga, yaye le nto ikhokelela nezifo kunye izifo zengqondo.

zeetheraphisti zeGestalt usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango kunye neendlela ukunceda umntu ukuchonga ukuqonda iimvakalelo ukunganeliseki mfiliba kwaye ongenantandabuzo kanye iintshukumo engagqitywanga neemvakalelo, kwakhona ukuzikhulula kubo, sele kwenye inqanaba, yaye ngaloo ndlela enze ukuphila kwakhe.