Yinyani

Man Uyabubona ihlabathi subjectively, esebenzisa amava abo, nto leyo maxa wambi buyinkohliso. Kubonakala ukuba ngaphantsi komhlaba uthe tyaba, yena - zokubhala kunye ilanga lijikeleza uMhlaba. Kodwa ulwazi esikolweni, sixelele ngenye indlela. Hayi ilanga "lunyuka kunye neeseti", njengoko uMhlaba ujikeleza ngeenxa axis yaso, nto leyo idala inkohliso of ukuphuma kwelanga. Sibona ukuphuma kwelanga - kukho subjectively baqonda sithi i yinyani.

Zobulumko (materialists kunye abanemibono njongo, ngokwahlukileyo ukuya abanemibono luluvo) wabachazela ukuba ihlabathi ikhona ngokuzimeleyo isenesazela sifundo, ibonwa.

Injongo Lalihlala izinto - oku yinto ethile indlela abasebenza ngokwayo ngokungqinelana nemithetho yendalo. Abameli akaziwa kukholelwa ukuba akukho mntu unokumazi kwi siseko. Materialists bakholelwa ukuba ihlabathi knowable, kodwa le nkqubo obungunaphakade uqi kelelo wayo inyaniso. Kwaye kuphela abanemibono luluvo (solipsists) ukuzibonela ukuba ayisekho yinyani konke konke, kwaye imbaxa kuphela iminqweno yethu, iimbono kunye neengcamango malunga ihlabathi. Kwaye le nyaniso oyinyaniso, ngokoluvo lwabo.

Ubunyaniso kunye leyinene - le ryadopolozhennye ingqiqo, kodwa zahluke kwintsingiselo.

Ngokoqobo (yaguqulelwa isuka kwisiLatini - i "yokwenene", "yokwenene") - oku yinto ekhoyo ngokuzimeleyo lwesifundo, inokuba ingxaki kunye esebenzayo.

Udidi liyi- iyayichaza le umba we intshukumo ngokuqhubekayo, utshintsho rhoqo. Ngokwenene - oku kwenziwa olukhoyo amanyathelo. Nantso into yinyani ngokwayo izithole.

Kuba Aristotle, le energeia ingqiqo ( "Energy") entelechia kunye ( «ukugqibelela", "Implementation") iyafana, oko kukuthi, ukuba isuntswana lula ukwakhiwa ezintsonkothileyo, ungabona ukuba izisa eyona kunye nentshukumo. Umbono zehlabathi amandla intshukumo singafumana kwi bulumko lwamandulo German, kwi konikezelo lamaProtestanti, kwi ngengqiqo Hegelian, kwaye phenomenology. sobulumko German M. Eckhart wazisa wirklichkeit concept ( «ekhoyo») njenge inguqulelo kwisiLatini - olusebenzayo. Qaphela ukuba isiJamani, kwakunye Russian, udidi ngqo iqulethe into amanyathelo kwisiLatini nesiGrike ihamba kufutshane inyaniso, yaye IsiNgesi nesiFrentshi - nenyani. Ukuba sicinga ubunyani zentlalo, icandelo isenzo kukho ebaluleke kakhulu kwaye kubalulekile, kuba yakhiwe, yakhiwe ngabantu.

Eyona nyaniso ebonakalayo - ingqiqo olwahlula isiseko ephambili somgaqo-mbono zendalo-zenzululwazi. Lo mgaqo uphambili ukuze ilungiswe ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo yaye ebezisenziwa, amelwe kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ulwazi yenkqubo. Igama elithi "Inyaniso physical" elaqanjwa Albertom Eynshteynom. Olu didi, kwelinye icala, edibene okuqulethwe ingcamango "yinyani", izazinzulu ukuqonda ihlabathi elibonakalayo, kwelinye icala - kwezi nkalo yesifundo kunye nenjongosenzi kolwazi.

Ngenxa yoko, inyaniso emzimbeni inokuchazwa kwinqanaba lokuqaphela kunye nokuhlola. Ngokomzekelo, njengokuba ibonakalisa izenzakalo sekuba izinto macro ukuthi ibhaliswe eliqonda ukuba umphandi wophando kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa. Emva koko, inyaniso emzimbeni efanayo ingqalelo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ukubonakaliswa kwayo - enokwehla kwakunye nemiqathango. ngokoqobo Physical kwinqanaba ngokwamava angamelwa ethile gabalala, systematization lwe data, kwaye kwi theory - iziphumo ngokutsha ubhalo ngohlobo beengcamango emzimbeni kunye imizekelo ekhoyo phantsi kophando.