Yintoni na oyile?

Ioli njengoko imithombo yendalo kubo bonke esikolweni. Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba yenziwe, lo misela kwaye isetyenziswa apho njani. Yintoni na oyile? Lo mxube hydrocarbon zikarhulumente engamanzi ukuba isakhiwo kwaye okroqiweyo zizinto sukube okanye ezinye. Ukusuka liveze amawaka aliqela iintlobo yeemveliso ezahlukeneyo.

iidipozithi oli ekrwada nebizwa ibekwe nzulu ngaphantsi komhlaba. Emva gesi kubhaliwe Yek, ngaloo ndlela ukususa ubumdaka ezingafunwayo kulowo.

Oil - yinto ulwelo olunamafutha, nto leyo eye iipropati ezinokutsha. It has nevumba ethile. Umbala yeoli kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuxhomekeke nokubunjwa kwayo, indawo yemveliso kwaye zisukela ezingenambala ukuya abamnyama. Traditional kule eziphili umbala omdaka kunye ithinti oluhlaza kancinane.

Yintoni na ke ioli, siye safumanisa ngoku sihlole nokubunjwa kwayo. Umlinganiselo enkulu lobume oil carbon. Oku malunga 80-87 ekhulwini. Ukususela 11 ukuya kwi-15 ekhulwini ekwakhiweni yeoli kuthatha hydrogen. Ukongeza, ukuba abe isalfure, initrogen, ioksijini, ayibe, nickel, i-aluminiyamu, intsimbi, barium, manganese kunye nezinye izinto imichiza. isabelo sawo ubunzima iyonke ayinamsebenzi. Zonke izinto benza ambaxa umlinganiswa eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo.

Ngaphandle yokuba le oli, bangabi sakhunjulwa iipropati yayo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo, ukuba uluntu usebenzisa ubukhulu enkulu, ke kukukwazi isixa esikhulu ubushushu xa itshiswe. Oil - le yenye yemithombo eziphambili amandla. Iimveliso ziveliswa kulo, babe izinga eliphezulu ubushushu yokutsha.

Ukusebenzisa impahla yeoli njengoko naziphi na ezinye izinto eziselwayo komphunga ngexesha abilayo, oko uyazimela amaqhezu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ioli ubunjwe amacandelo ahlukeneyo ukuba abe sukube kwiqondo lobushushu ezahlukeneyo. 200 degrees zabelwa hydrocarbon lilungu iqhezu ipetroli kwi-250 - hydrocarbon avuthayo. Xa degrees 250-315 akuveli carbon iqhekeza oyile separafini-igesi, yaye ngo-350 - carbons ioli. Emva uphawulo zonke eANC singundoqo sisahleli tar.

Yintoni na ke ioli, makhe abantu bazi ngaphezulu iminyaka eliwaka embalwa BC. AmaYiputa amandulo kusetyenziswa njengendawo amayeza kwaye izinto zokwakha. KumaXesha Aphakathi, wafunda ukufumana indlela yokuphuma separafini.

Ekuqaleni, abantu basebenzisa kuphela kwioli phezu komhlaba. Emva koko ke motor fyabo drill intsimbi amaqula phakamisa ioli kumphezulu emhlabeni.

imigodi Modern le kwezimbiwa nto ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo. Ehlabathini lonke, amawaka eekhilomitha imibhobho. Ekubeni neoli obukhulu kakhulu, kuba bagxothwa imibhobho iimpompo ezizodwa.

Kukho iingcamango ezimbini azalelwa petroleum. Ngokutsho uguqulelo imvelaphi biogenic yeoli - kodwa iintsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo. Baye aguqulwe kolu qweqwe lomhlaba kule ulwelo izigidi ezininzi zeminyaka. Abalandeli iinguqulelo abiogenic ibonisa imvelaphi ezingaphiliyo yale ezimbiwa.

Ukubunjwa yeoli kunye nomgangatho kuxhomekeke kwindawo idipozithi. oli ekrwada ekuveliseni kwisithili Baku, kukho ezininzi cycloparaffins kunye nemida onekhaboni ephantsi. oyile Grozny, kwelinye icala, osisityebi umda carbon. Northern Oil iqulethe hydrocarbon enuka kukuninzi.

Amafutha, kunye negesi, i ngumqolo mthombo eziphathekayo kunye namandla ngoluntu. Iimveliso ezenziwe kulo zisetyenziswa onke amacandelo ezoqoqosho. Ngokunxulumene nophuhliso esebenzayo yesibambiso kunye nemfuno ioli namhlanje oovimba bayo mpilo kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kufuneka wenze ukusetyenziswa ngcono kwezibonelelo kufunxwa, ukuphucula inkqubo ukusebenza ezimbiwa, ukuba bafune imihlaba emitsha kwaye iindlela yeoli evela anzongonzongo kakhulu.