Yintoni na ke ngoku elifutshane kwisekethe?

imithombo Chemical yombane (iibhetri kunye nezihlanganisi) ngoko ngokuqinileyo ebomini bethu, ukuba into eqhelekileyo kunye ngokwendalo, ukuba abanini musa nokuba ukufunda oko kubhalwe kwi iiphakheji zabo iiphakheji. Kwaye kulilize, ngenxa yokuba kukho isilumkiso umdla kakhulu - "Musa ukuvala". Ngubani na nokuba eziqhelekileyo kancinane kunye engundoqo umbane, uyazi kakuhle ukuba loo ngoku elifutshane-wesiphaluka, yaye kutheni nabantu.

Naluphi na unikezelo amandla usoloko izibonda ezimbini: akhabayo kunye navumelanayo (+ yaye -) ukuba ukwalathisa ngoku, kwakunye isigaba kunye nomhlaba (zero ubunzima, maxa wambi amanye isigaba) ukuba umahluko. icala Amasuntswana intshukumo kunokwenzeka kuphela xa kuthe ukuba ezi izibonda luqhakamshelene izinto conductive. Ukuba umsantsa we umqhubi ukudibanisa isixhobo, ukupasiswa ezikhoyo kwiyunithi leesekethe, ezinye msebenzi wenziwe. The main phawu - kwikhonkco elikhankanyiweyo sixhobo akavumeli electron kucanda kulo ngokukhululekileyo, ngoko sinako sicinge ukuba kukho ukumelana (umthwalo) elinganisela wobhobhozayo ubuninzi amasuntswana (circuit mfutshane current).

Kuba lula ukuqonda sinikela njengomzekelo amanzi ngomzila (umqhubi). flow ekuqaleni - oku ipali eyodwa, yaye isiphelo sawo - nesibonda yesibini. Yabe channel eliphakathi ilahlwe lokusila amanzi (umthwalo), intshukumo hybrid amanzi (current). Ngokucacileyo, bomyinge wamanzi isoloko mda kweelana ngamaphiko. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni xa lokusila iphelile? Amanzi a akubone ukuxhathisa, nokuleqa lijelo kunye kwisantya, nto leyo eza kunika umthombo (short circuit). Kungenzeka kakhulu umonakalo flow Uxhaphazelayo imvelaphi ijelo. Umbane flow Izinga - na amandla yangoku kwisekethe elifutshane.

Le nto inye eyenzeka ngayo umbane. Ukuba nangasiphi na isizathu kweelana wesekethe iqala ukuya zero, ngoko ke ngoku elifutshane-wesekethe. Enanikade umqhubi itshiswa, kwaye umthombo ngoku yonakele. Le indlela yokusebenza ye-mveliso lunxunguphalo kwaye ifuna nokususwa ngoko nangoko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le umaphuli yesekethe ifakiwe yesekethe ukukrazula xa esisigxina elifutshane-circuit yangoku. Ngu mfanekiso ngamanzi: esi sicatshulwa flow ivaliwe futhi inyamalala. Ukuba khubaza umthombo wamandla ukumisela into esekethe emfutshane isahlulo ngokwesigqibo esicalanye wesekethe kunokuba kakhulu elula. Ukulungiselela le njongo, isixhobo ezizodwa (multimeter) ukulinganisa ixabiso ukumelana phakathi kuzo probe yesicelo. Indlela ngqo isekelwe Isalathisi ukuqhubekeka okanye Ukuba kwakusazeka ukuba ibe ukudibana ngqo kwi isabelo ziskenwe kwisibonda, ngoko ukusebenza yile meko. Xa izixhobo ezisebenzisa umbane kakuhle ngaphezu ukuxhathisa wekhadi multimeter ngqo.

Hi ndlela leyi, yiyo lonto ukwazi ukutshixa imiqobo ibhetri. Nangona amandla abo akwanelanga ukuba umonakalo kakhulu umqhubi, kodwa ngaphakathi amacandelo eekhemikhali elifutshane-wesekethe ngokukhawuleza kwehlisa, ukunciphisa amandla resource jikelele umsebenzi.

Xa isifundo wokhuseleko lombane idla ngokusetyenziswa elithi "nempembelelo elifutshane-yesekethe yangoku." Icacisa oluninzi lwangoku, asakhulayo ngenxa kwisiphaluka elifutshane. Umphathi wesekethe AC ixabiso layo eliphezulu iya kufikelelwa kamva ixesha isiqingatha (ukusuka 0,01 ukuya 50 Hz).

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho isixhobo ekhethekileyo umbane, apho indlela emfutshane-beesekethe ayikho likaxakeka, njengoko eqhelekileyo. Esimangalisayo Umzekelo - ukuwelda izixhobo apho ARC ebonakalayo nje kwaye iba ngoku elifutshane-wesekethe.