Izinc chloride nokubaluleka kwayo abantu

Izinki chloride yikhompawundi chemical izinto ezimbini - zinc kunye chlorine - kwaye luchazwa yi kwifomula ZnCl2. Le nto a crystals emhlophe.

Izinki chloride ngokufanelekileyo enyibilikayo emanzini - bushushu, ukunyibilika kwayo yi-80%. Chloride linyibilike ku 322 ° C, yaye amathumba kwi 722 ° C.

Izinki chloride ifunyenwe ngeendlela ezimbini. ATHUNYIWEYO lokuqala: zinc okanye oxide yayo enyibilikayo zehydrochloric acid, emva koko isicombululo umxube yahlaliswa ngumphunga. ATHUNYIWEYO yesibini: zinc (ulwelo) itshiswa kuyo njengomlambo chlorine.

Haydrolisis kwenzeka le chloride izinc kunye zesiqinisekiso na le fomyula ilandelayo: ZnCl2 + H2O = ZnOHCl + HCl. Medium, isisombululo ifunyenwe - Acid.

Imveliso Industrial zinc chloride evela iintlobo ezimbini: eqinileyo kunye ulwelo. Ngendlela eqinileyo, iyeza kufuneka zibe ngohlobo kukubola emhlophe, wavumela ukuba amabala okungephi ezinguwo nawuphi na umbala. Xa nesisombululo chloride kufuneka ezingenambala okanye abe nombala ukukhanya elityheli. Isisombululo ukuze amafu kancinane.

Ngendlela eqinileyo, iqhezu ubunzima chloride kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-97,7%, xa isisombululo - 50%. Izinki chloride ayikho ezinokutsha.

Iziyobisi kuyingozi kakhulu okusingqongileyo yabantu: esiqinileyo 2 letyhefu. A kweziyobisi zidibene nesikhumba kunye kwiinwebu umntu okanye isilwanyana, ebangela ubuhlungu ngenxa zoqhagamshelwano elide nesikhumba ibangela ukutsha, bunokusenza kwithishyu. Senziwe ngendlela eya ndiyipholise imivumbo kunzima kakhulu.

Ingozi kwaye imele into engena iphecana sokuphefumla. Ngeedosi ezincinane, yenza intlantsi empumlweni nasemqaleni nasemqaleni, ukhohlokhohlo owomileyo. Inhalation oluninzi chloride bangafumana dyspnoea wabiza njalo-internal ophuphumayo.

Ukuba into umelwe amehlo, ixhoba kuba lusiva intlungu ukusika kakhulu obukhulu. Ukuba amehlo azinikezelwanga bangazigaleli ngoko nangoko, kusenokubakho ukungaboni iyonke okanye ngokuyinxenye.

Ngenxa ubuthi zinc chloride, ngexesha zokuhamba kunye nokusetyenziswa isilumkiso kwayo kakhulu kufuneka iqalwe. Crystalline zinc chloride zahlanganiswa ezingxoweni okanye igubu le carbon ngentsimbi, isicombululo abathuthwayo ukuya imiphanda intsimbi ekhethekileyo okanye amanzi.

izinto zokuthutha ikhutshwa phandle bobabini ngololiwe zendlela, kunye nezothutho ulwandle. Le into ihanjiswa kuphela siyinxalenye yezinye ezivaliweyo lonke elo xesha idlulisela umntu onoxanduva linyanzelekile ukuba esweni ukuthembeka nokupakishwa.

Xa usebenza nezinki chloride, abasebenzi kufuneka ukuba ukunxiba kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo ingqalelo le kweziyobisi iiovaroli emoyeni, iiglavu zerabha, iindondo zokhuseleko kunye respirators.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko kufuneka kungavunyelwa wadibana zinc chloride kumaqumrhu amanzi kunye neenkqubo kwelindle.

Izinki chloride esetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi kwimveliso. Isetyenziswa ukuba ukumitha kwamalungu yamaplanga kunye nenjongo kweentsholongwane (umz, sleepers iinkuni). Le into libandakanyeka ekwenziweni ifayibha, idayi ezininzi, ukuqinisa ezininzi wamazinyo, umqhaphu, zinc benqanda, aluminiyam kwaye nkqu vanillin. Ngaphezu koko, zinc chloride isetyenziswa ukucoca imiphezulu metal phambi ukupeyinta, nesingxobo chromium kunye ngelotha. indima ebalulekileyo kule nto idlala kwi nokusulungekiswa yeoli, uhlalutyo amalahle yeesampulu kunye nokuveliswa neebhetri electrochemical.

Izinki chloride liza kusetyenziselwa yidayi iimpahla umqhaphu, ukufumana iifayibha viscose njengento electrolyte - ngelixa galvanizing. Mhlawumbi ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi amayeza - njengoko ichiza elo eyeka ukubola; ngokulima - nezichumiso kwezakha.

Ukongeza, zinc chloride, ngenxa yekhono layo akrelekrele maphepha ukuba ukufunxa ukufuma evela emoyeni lisetyenziswa desiccant. Kwakhona, nguye zilahleka kwimeko ngomlilo, njengoko inxaxheba ekwenziweni amagwebu ezingatshiyo kunye amalaphu buzane nekhadibhodi enokuhlaziyeka.