Yintoni mfundiso? iimfundiso yentanda ezopolitiko

Bulumko, ezopolitiko, ukufundisa zokufundisa - eli gama inokufumaneka kwiimeko ezininzi. Kodwa enoba yintoni isichazi kuya kuma ecaleni kwenye, umba ophambili kwenye: "Yintoni na le mfundiso" Yiloo nto ke impendulo kuyo, yaye lo mxholo kweli nqaku.

lwesigama

Xa ingcamango "yokufundisa" uye iinkcazelo eziliqela. Ukuba akuwuqiqi elide njengoko inkqubo yokufumana ulwazi kuyo nayiphi na indawo ethile ekhethiweyo (kwaye oku nkcazelo iyafumaneka, kodwa kulo mzekelo okungalungelaniyo), ngoko kusekho incazelo elandelayo into yokuba imfundiso enjalo.

• Ukufundisa njengoko iseti neziphakamiso e-worldwork theory kwenye kwimimandla yolwazi.
• Ukufundisa iingcamango ezininzi njengomntwana onengqondo efanayo entsimini umnyulwa wakhe yenzululwazi.
• Ukufundisa njenge iinkolelo oluntsonkothileyo unqulo ethile (ngokholo).

Of umdla ezithile ezimbini zokuqala. Bona kakhulu unxulunyaniswa iimfundiso bulumko kunye nezopolitiko. Cinga iinkcukacha.

ifilosofi

Bulumko ukuba imvelaphi yazo kwasekuqaleni yophuhliso nenzululwazi - eGrisi yamandulo neRoma. zobulumko zamaGrike amandulo ezifana uPlato noAristotle, uSocrates, kunye yamaRoma -. uCicero kunye nabanye, uvakalisa iingcinga zabo neembono ukwenza, ndizuze abalandeli, ukuba lasinda unanamhla. Ngaloo ibunjiwe iimfundiso ezi ezingqondweni ezinkulu.

imizekelo ephika

Xa indlela yokwandisa uphuhliso bulumko kunye ukufuna ukuba impendulo yombuzo wayo eziphambili (leyo eza kuqala: umoya okanye umcimbi) liqaqambisa bulumko ezinkulu, apho lubandakanye nje ingcamango yombhali omnye, kodwa izigqibo apho isizukulwana ingeniso iinkcuba. Eziphathekayo kunye yimibono, njengoko zimo ezimbini impendulo engundoqo mbuzo, monism, akaziwa, solipsism kunye engaqhelekanga Russian Space Art - ngamnye kubo luphawulwa awohluke yayo, kwaye zinxulunyaniswa uluhlu lonke zobulumko.

Kodwa iimfundiso yamandulo, nangona ngamanye amaxesha abe kwemiqathango ethile sengqiqo (umzekelo, le ngengqiqo), nangoku livela amagama ababhali - uSocrates, Heraclitus, kunye nabanye. Noko ke, loo bekunjalo kakade kumaXesha Aphakathi, yaye abenzi bemilingo of German ngcinga-bulumko. Le mfundiso ezaziwa Locke kunye Hobbes, Nietzscheanism, egameni omkhulu Fridriha Nitsshe. Kubangel 'umdla ukwazi ukuba imfundiso enjalo uzkonapravlen, nangona abanye babo iphuhliswe emva umseki wayo (umzekelo, neo-zikaPlato).

Kwezombangazwe: Antiquity

Ifilosofi ezopolitiko kwixesha lidala zaye eduze. Uninzi zobulumko ixesha convergence yazo efanelekileyo karhulumente. Imbali ukhumbula iimfundiso yencoko zikaPlato ngayo abanegama elifanayo ( "State"), apho echaza uhlobo bakhe abangafezekanga, umnikelo isigama yayo. Not abazi ukuba ingqiqo ka "idemokrasi", "timocracy" kunye nezinye "..kraty" kwenzeka ngenxa Greece yamandulo. Mu kuya kwa nshita indlela abstract nentanda-bulumko bakaPythagoras kunye Heraclitus, uPlato waba ngqongqo ngakumbi ngqo. Kwakhona irosari nguAristotle, ukulahlula uhlobo urhulumente kwabo ingqalelo i "ekunene" kunye "engalunganga." Noko ke, nkqu rationalism ezinjalo, kukho izithintelo ezininzi.

Kwezopolitiko: bamaXesha Aphakathi kunye Renaissance

Abanemvume lwenzeke ngendlela nje wobuthixo, kuquka kwezopolitiko, kwaye iimbono zokudala umbuso. iingcinga ezinjalo, yazaliswa zonke iimfundiso zezopolitiko ixesha. Eyona ephawulekayo iimfundiso Fomy Akvinskogo, owathi, uboleka izimvo Aristotle, wazama ukuba batolike kubo ngendlela yobuKristu, yaye wamitha kule yodumo.

Xa Renaissance kufanele kuphawulwe noNiccolò Machiavelli kunye isibheno lakhe ngokubhaliweyo kwi ngoko (nangona unofficial) umlawuli Florence, Lorenzo Zobungangamela. wakhe othi "I koMlawuli" iqulethe iingcamango kakhulu zicacileyo ngamandla kwezopolitiko. Imfundiso Machiavelli ubeka ezopolitiko ngaphezu yokuziphatha. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i "uMlawuli" iye yasinda kuzo mihla kwaye nkqu shift electronic version, nto leyo ithetha ukuba ungakwazi ukufunda bonke bafuna ukwazi ukuba iimfundiso Machiavelli.

Ekuphetheni

Njengoko sibonile, inkcazelo le mfundiso iseti abayiva ngayo umbhali, okanye elinye yintsimi ngolwazi efana kunye namanye, zihlobene ziyadlelana ke neemeko. Kwangaxeshanye, kungenxa yoko lula ukuqinisekisa ukuba imfundiso enjalo.

Philosophy nakwezopolitiko, kodwa ngoku wathengisa ngeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, kodwa wema nje imvelaphi abathile, ngenxa yokuba izazinzulu zezopolitiko ngokufuthi ziphuma kwabo iinkcuba abaye babonisa izimvo zabo, kungekuphela nje kule ndawo lobungcaphephe.