Yintoni isiVumelwano Schengen, ukuba inichaphazela njani na ubomi abakhenkethi eqhelekileyo

Bonke ibinzana elithi, "isiVumelwano Schengen." Noko ke, asingabo bonke abantu abaziyo ukuba yintoni na, nendlela yahlukile kuleyo mthetho Union European. kanye Igama elithi "Schengen" engacacanga. Ukongezelela, nyaka ngamnye kuluhlu lwamazwe ajoyine utshintsho zone ngumzekelo. Kukho kwakhona ithi aye asayina isivumelwano, kodwa ke ifuna ukuvulwa visa yesizwe kwamanye amazwe ukuya kutyelela indawo yalo. Kwaye kukho abo (chaza ezincinanana ubukhulu becala), nto leyo akazange eze kulo mmandla, kodwa de facto ukuvumela ukungena kwamalweyile ngendlela namazwe angabamelwane. Makhe sijonge iinkalo kwesi sivumelwano, loo nto ayizange kuvela thina iingxaki okungeyomfuneko abalindi umda xa ewela imida.

IsiVumelwano Schengen esayinwe ngoJuni 1985, amazwe amahlanu kuphela: Belgium, eJamani, Luxembourg, i yiNedalendi kunye neFransi. Ingcamango ngokudala kolu xwebhu bobabo kumazwe Benelux, phakathi kwabo naphambi ukuba kukho isivumelwano amathathu kutyelelo visa-free. Kokusayina isivumelwano kwenzeka ababekhwele kweso sikhephe "Nkosazana Marie-Astrid", leyo wema phakathi komlambo Mosel endaweni zokuhlangabezana umda eJamani, France kunye Luxembourg. Le yokuhlala elikufuphi eselunxwemeni "Schengen". Ngoko ke, olu xwebhu esayiniweyo ibizwa ngegama layo. Waba eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Schengen Isivumelwano".

Ilungiselelwe ngenxa yokupheliswa ulawulo umda phakathi kwala mazwe. Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, ngowe-1990, i-Convention satyikitywa ngokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo kwesi sivumelwano, yaye emva kweminyaka emi-5, ngoMatshi 1995, ayisebenzeleyo, oko ebizwa ngokuba yi-zone Schengen yasekwa. Ngexesha uxwebhu amazwe ngomnye mazwe mabini - Spain ne Portugal. De jure, isiVumelwano Schengen iye yaphela ngoMeyi 1999, xa ejoyina amandla Amsterdam iSivumelwano. Ngokutsho kolu xwebhu, amalungiselelo kwi entry visa-free ngaphakathi kummandla zibandakanyiwe kwi-mthetho EU jikelele.

Ngaloo ndlela, imithetho yesivumelwano Schengen zezi ngaphakathi kummandla de facto. Oko ngokunxulumene nemfuneko ukwazi abakhenkethi eqhelekileyo ukusuka kwilizwe ngaphandle EU - ezifana eRashiya, eUkraine, etc ...? Okokuqala, asingabo bonke ithi aye asayina isivumelwano echazwe zibandakanyiwe kummandla. Umzekelo, Ireland kunye United Kingdom wahambisana iSivumelwano, kodwa kuphela kummandla wamapolisa kunye nentsebenziswano kwezomthetho. Ukutyelela la mazwe, iintlanga kufuneka visa yesizwe okhethekileyo. Le Sivumelwano asisebenzi ukuya kwintsimi lwangaphesheya kumazwe aseYurophu ngaphakathi kummandla: eNetherlands, France, Denmark, Norway. Ngokuba abasemzini ubambe Schengen visa kunye kwindawo enye, kufuneka ukhumbule into enye. Siqonde, nenomlanga karhulumente Andorra, bephuma le ndawo, kwaye kubaxhasa nje ngeke avume.

Kukho enye ingxaki ngaphezu: hayi onke amazwe Schengen Sivumelwano 2013 (kuluhlu kakhulu voluminous, oquka amazwe 30) zifakiwe kwi-endaweni eyayidume yolawulo visa. EBulgaria, eCyprus, Romania kunye Croatia abaye bangenela uxwebhu. Noko ke, abemi bawo kunye basemzini visa yesizwe kula mazwe, kufuneka imvume eyodwa ukungena kummandla yelizwe bendawo Schengen.