Yintoni inkqubo yokubala eyayikho eRoma mandulo? Malunga ikhalenda kunye nexesha

Yintoni inkqubo yokubala eyayikho eRoma mandulo? Uninzi uya kucinga ixesha elide, kuba ukufunda ootitshala imbali ukusebenzisa ikhalenda mihla. Kodwa akazange nangoko saba yintoni loo nto.

Ubalo waseRoma yamandulo

bekuya kuba nzima ukuhlala ngaphandle iwotshi nekhalenda. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ukucwangcisela ixesha elide, kunzima ukuchaza, xa kukho umcimbi. Ngoko ke, umnqweno kuhanjiswe thile khalenda Kungokwemvelo. ERoma yamandulo yasungulwa tsilivizatsiey. Kungenxa yoko le nto umdla, njengoko ixesha ngelo xesha luye lwaququzelelwa. Ngoko ke leyo nkqubo ubalo yayikhona eRoma mandulo? Oko ke iye yaguquka ngexesha ukusetyenziswa kwalo? Konke oku umdla kakhulu.

Kumaxesha amandulo, abantu azizange benza lombutho kwikhalenda. Baphawule ukutshintsha ixesha losuku, onyaka. Ngaba wabona isiganeko wovandlakanyo, yaye kamva kuba lula oko kusengqiqweni ukuba ukusebenzisa ezinye benchmarks, ezinye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo. Correlating nabo lo mbandela, kwaba lula ukuhamba ngexesha uze wenze izicwangciso. Ingxaki kukuba zonke hlanga inkqubo yalo maxesha khona. ERoma yamandulo, indawo yokuqala sathathwa njengonyaka eliqikelelwayo ekusekweni isixeko igama elifanayo. Ngokwendalo, umhla ngqo kwabangela impikiswano enkulu ukuba kuqhubeka nangoku, kodwa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi eyamkelekileyo 753 BC. Ngu yokubala wakhe ngesandla, ngeenkwenkwezi abaye bakwazi ukucwangcisa komhla ilanga, apho bekumele ukuba kubanjwa lokuzalwa wabaseki esixeko - Romulus kunye Remus.

Kodwa loo nto bonke, ekubeni le nkqubo yaqala ukuba kusetyenziswa kuphela ukususela nge-16 BC. e. Kudala ngaphambi kokuba eli xesha eRoma yamandulo lwaqhutywa ngokwe kwizintlu consuls, oko kukuthi umbuzo akuba ezelwe, ukuba sendawo ibiya kuthi, umzekelo, ukuba "ngomnyaka xa consuls kwakukho Lyutsiy Kornely Zek kunye uKlawudiyo Cilnius Metellus". Kwaba kakhulu elula kuba prebyvniya gama ofisi njengexesha linganisa ubude olufunwayo ixesha. Nantsi into ethethwa inkqubo maxesha olwalukho eRoma yamandulo. Kodwa ivumela ukuba bakhokelwe kuphela iminyaka, kodwa kuthekani iinyanga, iiveki, imihla, njalo-njalo. D.?

Ikhalenda no countdown

Kwinkqubo ezininzi yamandulo amaRoma iinyanga ezili-10 kuphela, ekuqaleni konyaka lo ngo March. Kodwa malunga VII-VI BC. e. Belibolekiwe khalenda ukuba yahlulwe iinxalenye-12.

Usuku yahlulwe kwiiyure eziqhelekileyo, kodwa ubude lwabo njalo. Njengoko imini nobusuku zaye zahlulo-12, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ixesha labo. Ukudluliselwa kusetyenziswa iisextants yaye kamva abolekwe emanzini eGrisi.

Reform kunye ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo

ikhalenda ekhoyo wayengekho ichanekile ngokwaneleyo kwaye odumileyo Yuliy Tsezar wachitha yeenguqulelo waqalisa ingqiqo konyaka omnqakathi, yaye ukubala phantsi ukususela ngoJanuwari, kungekhona Matshi, njengokuba ngaphambili. Ukususela kuloo ofisi imini wangena consuls kunye umjikelo omtsha kwezoqoqosho. Ngayo le khalenda yaziwa ngokuba uJulian, ixesha elide ngayo wasetyenziswa, kuquka eRashiya.

Kodwa le impembelelo amaRoma phezu iindlela reference sele alukapheli. Nkqu KumaXesha Aphakathi, sele emva njengesikhokelo wasebenzisa iKrismesi, ababhali-mbali baye bakhomba ngaphandle, esisekweni "sixeko engunaphakade". Nantsi into ethethwa inkqubo maxesha olwalukho eRoma yamandulo, yaye yintoni nempembelelo ngayo, nokuba emva kweminyaka emininzi.

Heritage kutshanje

UBukhosi baseRoma kudala ziwile, abantu ukufunda kuphela ngalo kwiincwadi zembali. Kodwa ayimangalisi kangakanani ebonakalayo kukwazi ukuba abaseleyo kwaye asetyenziswe kule mini.

amagama Inyanga e Latin, ngomsindo eziqhelekileyo kuyo nayiphi yaseYurophu, ekubeni aye alondolozwa phantse ingatshintshanga. ngosuku ngalunye lweveki baseRoma iye yanikezelwa kwezinye uthixo Mercury, likaSaturn, Venus kunye nabanye. Ukuba utshintsho ezingephi ukufumene, amagama abo nabo ngeelwimi zaseYurophu.

Hi ndlela leyi, igama elithi "yekhalenda" livela kanye ukusuka ngamaRoma. Kalendarium waba ngokutsha lonyaka, wabiza njalo-iincwadi ityala ekhethekileyo kude. Zemboleko kuyimfuneko ukuhlawula ekuqaleni kwenyanga nganye, ngenxa yokuba yaba inkqubo yonke.

Ukucinga ukuba inkqubo kuphunyeziwe kodwa olunye utshintsho olubalulekileyo, kwaye ngoku elamkeleke jikelele kwikhalenda Gregorian, kodwa ke ilifa ixesha enkulu amaRoma abazange
bandilibele.

Alternatives to modernity

iikhalenda abaninzi, kwakunye Roman, eside embalini, kwafakwa yi inkqubo ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokubanzi-njongo. Noko kwenziwa yinkqubo khona kwaye uyaqhuba ukusetyenziswa, kwaye ingaba kukho jikelele kangaka? Kakade ke, nangona akuxhaphakanga. Umzekelo, lo ngowona ikhalenda yamaYuda, njengako apho ngo-2014 ingqamana kwiminyaka 5774-5775. Ingongoma yokuqala sithathwa ekuthiwa-moon omtsha iphela, oko kukuthi mzuzu wendalo. Kwakhona ngokwahlukileyo ihlelwe countdown.

Uwajongele ukuthandwa kweenkqubo ezizezinye akufanele, umzekelo, kwikhalenda yesiHebhere ke igosa kwaSirayeli, kunye Gregorian njengesiqhelo.