Yintoni inkqubo 'Umjikelezo "kwaye isebenza njani. inkqubo Nuclear "Umjikelezo"

Ukuphendula kwiziganeko zakutshanje ehlabathini: ntlekele, urhulumente kunye imfazwe eUkraine, ungquzulwano umdla nokuvuselelwa oophuma-silwe Islamic State eSiriya Libya, ingayingxaki yokhuseleko yesizwe iba enye yeengxaki ibunzi ngamazwe. Ngexesha lonke ilizwe elikhulu okanye sele izakhono enyukliya, okanye abalungiselela nakukufumana oko, ngeke siqiniseke ngokupheleleyo ngekamva lakhe kungekho namnye ehlabathini. Yaye okukhona nenkungu zifanele ukuvela kwikamva abemi baseRashiya, kokukhona amazwe udibanise ukwayo kwezorhwebo kunye ekuhleni nokubonisa wabo ngomsindo ngenxa yezenzo zethu lizwe.

Kumaphepha iimpapasho ezininzi Koloni, IsiNgesi abathetha social networks blogs, kukho sele ezininzi amanqaku ebiza ngqo ukuze kuqale ukusebenza emkhosini nxamnye neRashiya. Ngoko kutheni wonke ukwanda Ayinakuvula izoqala? Ngaba amaqabane ethu yaseYurophu American wayeka izivumelwano ngaphambili isayinwe? Kwaye kutheni, ngoko, amalungiselelo efanayo musa ukuthintela ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ngemibuzo Iraq ibhombu iSiriya Libya? Kutheni kufuneka iliza of "neziphithiphithi orange" kwi republic lalisakuba yiSoviet, yaye kutheni kubalulekile ukuba US ukubeka iziseko yokhuselo enomjukujelwa ngaphakathi emideni yabo?

Enye iimpendulo zale mibuzo kuba ingcamango ogqibeleleyo ubukho izikhali ezinjalo, njengokuba inkqubo ukuziphindezela oluqinisekileyo 'Umjikelezo ".

ekudalweni kombono

Makhe siye umva okomzuzwana ixesha ngqondweni njani intsapho yethu owayephila ebudeni 'imfazwe abandayo. " "Umkhusane" sivalisisekile ngalo lonke ixesha, ubukho 'lutshaba lwangaphandle "Yomelela, eguqukayo, abaxhasi akukho ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi nempembelelo amazwe. Kule meko, nayiphi nibethe-ibekwe kakuhle ukuba nibe ngabokugqibela kwilizwe lethu. Yaye umoya langoku ngakumbi, ulwazi olungaphezulu malunga ingqiqo American yindlala imfazwe yenyukliya Wabonakala kumaphephandaba. Ngokwale mfundiso, loqhankqalazo preemptive nxamnye USSR vula ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo njengoko iziko engundoqo umyalelo we-Union, kwaye umyalelo Iinxalenye ezingundoqo zale nkqubo, "Kazbek", nokuqhawuka links RVSN.

Xa enjalo simo yenzani ndiyakuthanda kwaye phantse kutshatyalaliswa urhulumente? Kuphela yokugqibela elikhulu yaye intle wambhakraza emnyango, kangangokuba i "umqhaphu 'ixesha elide ukhunjulwe. Ukubhala imfazwe yokugqibela elide ingento, kumbangele loqhankqalazo yenyukliya ukuziphindiselela xa enomjukujelwa okukhokelwayo iya kubakho namnye. Oku le iingcinga ethile eziphambili izazinzulu yiSoviet ekuphuhlisweni enye imipu ezimbi mihla ngonaphakade ekhunjulwa njenge "Yentshabalalo isixhobo".

Ngoko ke, yintoni na inkqubo Russian 'Umjikelezo "? Kwaye yintoni na inkalo yayo ephambili? "Umjikelezo" inkqubo - "Hand Abafileyo" - iseti ulawulo oluzenzekelayo logwayimbo yenyukliya omkhulu. Eyona njongo iphambili yalo - kukuqinisekisa kokuqaliswa kuqinisekisa imijukujelwa zenyukliya kwinkonzo kunye yiSoviet Union, xa kunokwenzeka ukuba nakuzwelonke luyakuchaneka ngesibetho elihlazo elutshabeni, nto leyo eya kutshabalalisa zonke iiyunithi umyalelo, zikwazi ukunikeza ukuze ukubuyisela kushenxa.

Ngaloo ndlela, phezu isicwangciso kwabayili zabo, inkqubo zenyukliya "Umjikelezo" ukwenza amalungiselelo ngokubhengezwa imijukujelwa nkqu kwimeko ukuba bonke babulawa, kwaye ingayalela ukuba bekuya kuba akukho mntu nje. Yile ingcamango ukuziphindezela, ovelisa sele ngezantsi ukufa kwenkqubo kunye ifunyenwe kwi-West igama layo yesibini - 'isandla efile ". Kwi-East ukuba sathiwa kanye - "The esandleni selabafileyo."

isimiso ukusebenza

Le nabaphuhlisi benkqubo yokhuseleko kujikelezo kwimida lizwe imingeni ezimbini zehlabathi. Okokuqala, inkqubo kwafuneka ukuba akunike eminye okwimo basemoyeni ngexesha elifanelekileyo, wakwazi ukuqonda ngokuzimeleyo ukuba ixesha lakhe. Okwesibini, Ibe yimfuneko ke kwanokuba debug ne iinketho off kwaye usebenzise udweliso lwenkqubo ixesha likaxakeka. Ngamafutshane, oko kuba nako ukubeka esweni imeko engqongileyo, ukuhlola malunga nezalathi ezahlukeneyo nekhulu, ngokunjalo ukuba uhlobo 'brake kaxakeka ", ezisabela umyalelo ngqo uhambo.

Emva iinzame eziliqela engenasiqhamo; ababhekisi phambili baye bakwazi ukuyila oluxandileyo,, Nakuba njengoko kuvakala unakho, ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo nazo zonke iimfuno zabo. Ngoko benza ntoni?

Njengoko eyaziwa, nayiphi na ngoku umjukujelwa ehlabathini ukukhwela emoyeni kuphela xa omnye - xa kukho umyalelo ocacileyo. Inkqubo yoguqulo umyalelo loo aweve elula. imigca unxibelelwano umyalelo ikhowudi ithunyelwe, olususa zonke uphothe kunye nenkqubo, anike imvume injini ucinezelo. Rocket waphakamisa emoyeni wayisa injongo yakhe. Kodwa i wenza ntoni xa ithuba loku-odola apho?

Kulo mzekelo, luxanduva ukunika imiyalelo inkqubo igunya "Umjikelezo". Wafundela meko nokuhlalutya imeko lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle zezopolitiko, ukungabikho okanye ubukho unxibelelwano kunye nabasebenzi, kwakunye ngamasimi kagesi ilizwe liphela, wathabatha isigqibo waza wanikela umyalelo ukuqala.

Ngelo uphawu ukusuka kwinkqubo smart elinye ngexabiso single wavuka emoyeni, leyo Iko alubonwanga utshaba, yaye indawo ephambili kwinkqubo enomjukujelwa yenyukliya Soviet. Yiyo le rocket, leyo, efana yonke isakhiwo xa sisonke, waba isihloko "Umjikelezo". Kwaye ibekwe ngokusebenzisa unomathotholo yakhe, uze uthumele uphawu ngamandla zomkhosi lonke eli lizwe. Xa ikhowudi sifunyenwe, zonke sihlole izinto ezikhoyo kwaye mothballed musa Volley ekuyeni utshaba abekwa. Ngoko ke qinisekisa ahlula wajika ubuncinane elihlazo.

History of indalo

"Umjikelezo" inkqubo impindezelo kwathiwa "ukhawule" emva ngo-Agasti ka-1974, xa umsebenzi kukuba kuqulunqwe inkqubo enomjukujelwa ezizodwa sele wabeka phambi 'Southern ". Ekuqaleni, njengoko imodeli olusisiseko rocket kwacetywa ukusebenzisa MR-iUre-100, kodwa kamva waya kuhlala phezu MR UR1000UTTH.

project Draft sagqitywa ngoDisemba 1975. Ngokutsho kwakhe, kwi rocket ukufaka intloko Ingxenye ekhethekile, equka iinkqubo zerediyo oluphuhliswe OKB LPI. Ukongeza bekubalulekile ukuba ukudala inkqubo nozinzo lonke moya layo, lo rocket yaba yokuqhelaniswa rhoqo emajukujukwini.

Flight kuvavanyo rocket ogqityiweyo lwaqhutywa phantsi kweliso iKomishoni kaRhulumente, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba lobuqu nguSekela oyiNtloko Abasebenzi Strategic Missile Forces V. Korobushina. Ukwenza olu lingelo imijukujelwa elishumi efanayo wanikwa, kodwa iqalisa zokuqala ezimbalwa ziye yimpumelelo kangangokuba kwagqitywa ekubeni ayeke kwi volleys ezisixhenxe.

Ngaxeshanye, isindululi ekhethekileyo lwadalwa kananjalo - 15P716. Ngokutsho ingcaciso efunyenweyo, amacandelo zayo eziphambili zezi umyalelo enomjukujelwa nokufumana izixhobo ezibonelela ukwamkelwa imiyalelo kunye neekhowudi umyalelo ovela imijukujelwa.

Ngokutsho iingxelo engaqinisekiswanga umndululi kukokwam ngokukhuselekileyo kakhulu uhlobo OS ezintsonkothileyo kodwa hayi ngaphandle ithuba ngokulungiselela imijukujelwa umyalelo kunye nezinye iintlobo zosasazo.

Emva moya sokuhlola bemeko- zakhiwo iye yanikwa uxanduva ukuphuhlisa imisebenzi ephambili ezongezelelweyo akuvumela ukuba ukunika umyalelo ukuqalisa imijukujelwa hayi ezintsonkothileyo esekelwe emhlabeni-kuphela, kodwa lweenqanawa ezintywilayo yenyukliya moya ixesha elide kwaye aselwandle enomjukujelwa yezokubhabha (ezifana emi phezu komhlaba, kunye ukulwa umsebenzi) .

Ekugqibeleni wonke umsebenzi kwisixokelelwano "Umjikelezo" yagqitywa ngoMatshi 1982, yaye ngoJanuwari 1985, esi sakhiwo sele kwambatha esemsebenzini, wakhonza apho de kuye ekupheleni kuka-1995.

Amacandelo ifakiwe yeseti "Umjikelezo"

Kakade ke, inkcazelo ngqo onke amacandelo enkqubo kunye umyalelo yentsebenziswano phakathi kwabo nabanye naphi na. Noko ke, naphantsi ulwazi kakhulu ngqo icebisa ukuba womjikelezo inkqubo ukhuseleko imida karhulumente - a esimbaxa ezintsonkothileyo nemiba ngemiba yezemfundo, mayixhotyiswe ezahlukeneyo imigca zonxibelelwano ezahlukeneyo kunye zidlulisele.

Kukho uqikelelo eziliqela malunga algorithm lwe zakhiwo. Kwimeko yokuqala, kukholelwa ukuba, ukuba phezu rhoqo qwa, "Umjikelezo" kuthatha data evela iinkqubo umkhondo ezininzi, kuquka abo bavela isilumkiso ekuqaleni ukuhlasela radar ngezikhali. Emva kokuba maza ezifunyenweyo idluliselwe kwizithuba umyalelo ezininzi ezizimeleyo, apho ingabekwa kumgama enkulu enye kwenye yaye ngabakufundileyo phindo (engaqinisekiswanga nje ezine izithuba ezinjalo).

Kungenxa kule ndawo kwaye "Umjikelezo" licandelo kakhulu eyimfihlakalo esekelwe - engundoqo ezimeleyo inkqubo yayo yolawulo-umyalelo. Le yunithi, leyo zonke iinkalo basemoyeni, ekwaziyo UPawulos idata ezosulela evela izithuba mkhanya ezahlukeneyo, ukuze bafikelele kwisigqibo malunga amathuba ngenxa yesifo yenyukliya. Apha lo mgaqo umsebenzi ukuya umda ilula kwaye isekwe kwi lokungqinisisa iimeko ezine ezisisiseko.

Emva kokuhlalutya yonke idatha eyafunyanwa, inkqubo iqukumbela ukuba, nokuba ngumnini kuhlaselwa yenyukliya. Emva koko, iqwalasela unxibelelwano kunye Staff Jikelele. Ukuba ikhonkco ukho, kuba kakade ukuzuza kwinkqubo ibambelele kwakhona zicinywe. Ukuba akukho namnye ephendula kwikomkhulu, le nkqubo uzama ukuxhulumana kunye engundoqo anti-enomjukujelwa ebengenakubakhusela lizwe - "Kazbek". Ukuba akukho mpendulo, le nkqubo iza ukunikezela ilungelo lokugqiba naliphi na umntu phezu kweli thuba kule ndlu umyalelo. Ukuba akufuneki ukuba akukho myalelo, ngoko kuphela nkqubo uqalisa ukusebenza.

Olunye uhlobo lwenkqubo ishenxisa ithuba basemoyeni. Uthi manual imijukujelwa isiqalo umyalelo. Ngokwalo mbono, isutkheyisi imilingo nuke ezandleni intloko karhulumente. Ke iinkokheli le lizwe eya kubeka inkqubo ikwimo yokulwa xa ufumana ulwazi malunga nokusetyenziswa logwayimbo yenyukliya omkhulu.

Emva koko, ukuba iyure akazamkeli imiyalezo emitsha kwaye awukwazi ukufumana kunxibelelana naliphi na iziko umyalelo, inkqubo 'Umjikelezo "Russia kuzakuqala ngokuzenzekelayo iinkqubo ukuziphindezela. Xa kuziwa abasebenzi ukubonakalisa ubala, zonke iinkqubo zokhuseleko "Umjikelezo" aphinde aye imo yokulandelela. (Mhlawumbe ukurhoxisa inkqubo yonke kuthatha malunga imizuzu eli-15.)

Indawo 'Umjikelezo "

Ngokutsho imithombo engaqinisekiswanga, iingalo eziphambili Russian - yonke inkqubo yokhuseleko i "Umjikelezo" - ibekwe Urals, kwi Mount Kosvinsky kameň. Le zokhahlamba isendaweni ilitye Konzhakovsky kwi Urals Northern, ifikelela ukuphakama kuyimitha 1519 kwaye ubukhulu becala ziyilwe pyroxenite kunye duanitov. Kuyinto ngenxa yakhe, singatsho imvelaphi yendalo itanki, ngokutsho intatheli yaseMelika Blair, ukuba eso sifundo sale bomntu yi-strategists American ukususela apho lonke umhlathi lenyengane, uyakwazi ukugcina uqhagamshelana usebenzisa VLF uphawu irediyo (nasekwandiseni kwanaxa ubuso nuclear imfazwe) nazo zonke iinkqubo ze-moya qhinga Russian.

Ekuqaleni indawo ekwakheni ndlu waba linxuwa imigodi platinum tyaba, apho phakathi kwabo uye iyimfihlo. Duanity, leyo ke ezimbiwa siphambili ezivelisa refractories, a scanning block amaza erediyo kwaye ivumela utshaba ibhaqe iisignali zerediyo tochnoe indawo into.

Ukuqinisekisa unikezelo liqhawuke yemigca igunya ezongezelelweyo indlu yabekwa ecaleni kwakhe, wabeka ibhulorho entsha waza wenza kwindlela zomhlaba. Le lali ekufuphi Kytlym ngcembe ikhula ubungakanani inkampu yomkhosi, msebenzi sithethayo ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezintsha amajoni kunye namagosa, nezinye iziseko efakiweyo.

Eyona complex kwezixhobo

Imiba ephambili kwinkqubo yokhuseleko ( "Umjikelezo", njengoko iye yaba makaqiqe) yi stand-alone umyalelo-IPS, equka kumafa zawo zonke iintlobo amaziko data kunye nohlalutyo imijukujelwa umyalelo ezintsonkothileyo.

Phakathi iinkqubo ezenza i "Umjikelezo", kungathiwa ngokwahlukeneyo:

• Hospitalier inkqubo yolawulo yokulwa Centre, ibekwe kummandla Sverdlovsk phantsi kwentaba Kosvinsky kameň.
• Umyalelo Iziko eshukumayo kunye nolawulo.
• 1353 umyalelo kunye nolawulo ziko limi kwi kummandla Sumy, kwi Glukhov (1990 ukuya 1991) kwaye ngoku kudluliselwa umzi Kartaly.
• 1193 umyalelo kunye nolawulo iziko (imi kwi Nizhny Novgorod Region, kwidolophu encinane Zikude Konstantinovo-5 ngo-2005).
• 15P175 "Siren" - le nekhompaktha mobile ezintsonkothileyo imijukujelwa umyalelo.
• "Umjikelezo-RC" - inkqubo umyalelo enomjukujelwa maxesha kunye umyalelo kwi enomjukujelwa RT-2 ebusuku "Topol" (kucanyagushelwe ukulwa umsebenzi ngo-1990).

Developers

Kakade ke, uphuhliso kunye nokusekwa kwenkqubo kulo mgangatho kwaye isikali - akukho leminyaka mnye. Akavuma kuba ngaphandle umsebenzi ofanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo izazinzulu ezininzi aneziphiwo kunokwenzeka ukudala it. Ekubeni "Umjikelezo" (inkqubo yokhuseleko "isandla ufile"), kwakunye nazo zonke iindawo kuyo, nangoku mfihlelo ngokupheleleyo, uze ufumane inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga kwabayili zalo nakwizibetho zabo akwenzeki.

Phakathi ababhekisi phambili enkulu le nkqubo 'Umjikelezo "bazi ngqo igama lomntu omnye kuphela - Vladimir Yarynich ukuba emva ekuweni yiSoviet Union waqhubeka ehlala kunye nomsebenzi eUnited States, apho wathi kudliwano-ndlebe kunye lowu Wired malunga ubukho inkqubo ukuziphindezela aqinisekisiwe" Umjikelezo ". (Hi ndlela leyi, ngokwamazwi Yarynich, le nkqubo kwi ulawulo manual luvuliwe, kwaye ngokomyalelo yeNtloko yomBuso.)

Malunga nezinye bemeko- zakhiwo kancinane yaziwa. Ngenxa yoko, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuyilo kunye nokufakelwa kwezixhobo wathabatha eninzi leenkampani. Key phakathi kwabo - NGO "imiyalezo" eyayikhokelwa V. I. Melnikova, CDB "Geophysics" phantsi kwe G. F. Ignateva, TSKBTM kunye B. R. Aksyutinym kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Umsebenzi kwi "Umjikelezo" wayefundiswa kwabaphathiswa ezahlukeneyo ezininzi kangaka kunye nee-arhente, nto leyo nangoku kubonakala kunzima yi kukuba ukudalwa zakhiwo zagcinwa kuyimfihlo ixesha elide kangaka.

nesimo esikhoyo ngoku kunye nokusebenza zakhiwo

Malunga bayahlelwa le "isandla ofileyo," nto ingako. Ngokutsho amaxwebhu, inkqubo yokhuseleko umjikelezo eli lizwe wema kwinkonzo kude kube ngoJuni 1995. Kwaye ngoko, kwi-sikhokelo kwisivumelwano izixhobo jikelele, kususiwe ukulwa emsebenzini. Ngokutsho enye idatha, kuba sisiganeko ebonakalayo eyenzeka ngoSeptemba 1995, yaye zange zibhangiswe kwinkqubo yokhuseleko kwebala, kodwa ziphuculwe kuphela. Kwaye ukubuyisela iqela irula 15A11 kweza isizukulwana esitsha enomjukujelwa RT-2 ebusuku "Topol".

idatha echanekileyo kwi imeko yangoku zinje ndawo. Noko ke, ngo-2009 iphephancwadi American Wired kwakhona waxelela abafundi bakhe ukuba izixhobo Russian - inkqubo "Umjikelezo" - isekho kwaye lisasebenza. Ezi data kubo kwaqinisekiswa ngoDisemba 2011, ndingumthetheli Strategic Missile Forces, uLieutenant-Jikelele S. Karakaevym, ngubani kwakhona wathi udliwano-ndlebe ukuba sakhiwo sikwimo aleleyo kwaye kwi siphaphile.

Kwakhona evela kwimithombo engaqinisekiswanga ukuba kubekwe nangoku emsebenzini "Umjikelezo" (inkqubo yokhuseleko "isandla abafileyo") yaye wavumela Vladimir Putin wathi eRashiya uyakwazi ukuba ufuna ukutshabalalisa eUnited States ngemizuzu engaphantsi kwe-amathathu. Enyanisweni, namhlanje lixesha amaxesha ukukhusela umdla karhulumente kwaye akayi kuba akufuneki ukoyikisa kunjalo, umdlali welinye iqela.

Ndifuna ukukholelwa ukuba le nkqubo "Umjikelezo" ngo-2014, isekhona ezingasebenzi kakuhle yaye zonke iimpawu zayo ayikho ngaphantsi imodeli elidlulileyo.

Media ngale "Umjikelezo"

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, le ncwadi engundoqo yenkqubo ukuvela 90 kwenkulungwane wokugqibela maphephancwadi asentshona American. Kwathiwa igama inkqubo Wired iphephandaba "Umjikelezo" kwi "ngesandla abafileyo". Kwakhona, inani iincwadi zabanjwa kunye nenani kweempepha Japanese. Nenkqubo yazo iingalo ukukhanya impindezelo kwaqinisekisa yaba eyaziwa ngokuba yi "esandleni ebhokisini."

Ngomhla kummandla Russian Federation, njengazo zonke republic post-eSoviet, amanqaku malunga imbaxa encinane kakhulu. Umsebenzi ngayo kwiirivyu zabo ekhankanywe kuphela "Rossiyskaya Gazeta". "Umjikelezo" inkqubo "ngesandla nabafileyo" - la kunye namanye amagama uyibone kumajelo eendaba. Umthombo ongundoqo ulwazi abasebenzisi Russian abathetha kusekho data ezithathwe kwi-Internet yaye iguqulelwe kwi iilwimi zasemzini.

US ukuziphindiselela

Asinako ukuba eSoviet Union kuphela ilizwe eliye lakhula izixhobo ezinjalo. Ngoko ke, ukususela ngoFebruwari 1961 kude kube ngoJuni 24, 1990 eMelika kwabakho inkqubo, apho kukulawula efanayo isimiso ukusebenza njenge "Umjikelezo" system. Kwi-US, le complex yathiywa igama "I Mirror".

Kucacile ukuba umahluko ophambili phakathi izakhiwo yaseMelika kunye yiSoviet ilele kubantu into zabantu. I-United States wathembela inyathelo ngokukhawuleza umyalelo wakhe, ngoxa eSoviet Union wakha isixhobo lwamaxesha embi ngokwenene. (Khumbula ukuba kwimeko isoyikiso kuye nawuphi na umntu inokuyalela kokutyalwa nkqubo, ibekwe ngelo xesha apha kule ndlu, nokuba ukweliphi inqanaba yakhe kunye nesihloko.)

Kwi-US, isiseko imbaxa 11 moya, "iBoeing EC-135c 'abamele amaziko umyalelo umoya engundoqo ye US Army, no-2 moya, eyaziwa ngokuba" iliso uzibonayo. " Zakutshanje rhoqo emoyeni, ukongamela imida yelizwe lakhe, ukuwela Atlantic kunye neelwandle Pacific. Amaqela umyalelo izithuba yayibandakanya abantu abali-15, inani apho uqinisekise ukuba ufaka jikelele ubuncinane omnye, nto leyo xa kuthe kwakho naziphi na izoyikiso yangaphandle na ngokukhawuleza ukuba iyalele imikhosi zikhali kweli lizwe.

Emva kokuphela Cold War United States kusukela ngokuxhasa inkqubo yabo washiywa, kwaye ngoku bonke CPSU zisendaweni iziseko ezine umoya eli lizwe kwaye zikwimeko yokulwa lokulungela ngokupheleleyo.

Ukongeza kule nkqubo eUnited States nabo bekukho imijukujelwa umyalelo eliqhele kwishumi DB zam. "Mirror" iye yasuswa ukusuka kwinkonzo ekuqaleni 1991.

Kakade ke, namhlanje asifanele silibale ukuba, enoba twisisaka le nkqubo "Umjikelezo", kodwa kusekhona isixhobo elidluleyo. It wadalwa "IMfazwe." Kwaye oko akunakwenzeka namhlanje, kukho ubuncinane isiqingatha iimfuno izixhobo zomkhosi mihla. Noko ke, into nje ukuba kukho izixhobo ezinjalo ukuba umsebenzi lwenye wayo lisephantsi ndlela, sele sisizathu esilungileyo sokuba nethemba.