Labantu Simferopol. Simferopol: isakhiwo kunye nabantu

Simferopol - intliziyo eCrimea. Nangona akamntu kwidolophu Irizothi ngengqiqo emitsha yelizwi, kuba akukho eKFC elwandle, nangona kunjalo, lo ngowona yesibini ngobukhulu usingasiqithi ka Sevastopol emva inani zabemi. Ngoko ke yintoni na yabemi Simferopol?

A isuntswana imbali yesixeko

Kukho ubungqina bokuba le ntlambo Salgir ukususela kumaxesha amandulo watsala abantu. Kwakukho kwenziwa inyathi, ixhama, amahashe zasendle kunye mammoths. zathu negalelo kwezolimo kunye nezilwanyana ukulima umhlaba. Tauri uhlala lweendawo zokuhlala entilini, imvelaphi yayo elandwa BC 9

Xa BC 4 kummandla le dolophu kuhlala AmaSkitiya, njengoko kwinkulungwane 3 yeendawo zokuhlala saba likomkhulu Scythia Minor. Igama yangoku sesixeko zitshone zisabonakala, kodwa yemihla Greek ibizwa ngokuba INeyapoli, okanye "isixeko entsha". Ngoko ke, njengokuba ababhali oko, yaye - namSkitiya INeyapoli. Yaba idolophu ngokwenene ngeendonga enqatyisiweyo, le ndawo, yatsha kunye nebhotwe ngokwalo, zitrato nengxolo kunye izitalato ezininzi ephithizelayo. Noko ke, konke oku kuye yanyamalala kule BC yesi-3 emva ayehlasela Huns waza wangcwatywa phantsi ziimfumba komhlaba kunye nothuthu. Kwaba kuphela 1827 ngomhla ithafa Peter Intaba ukhuphela amaSkitiya yamandulo eyinkunzi zifunyenweyo.

Emva abemi kulo mmandla baba AmaTatar, elakhiwa kwidolophu ngenkulungwane ye-15 ka-Ak-Mosque, ezaba yokuhlala lerhuluneli ye Khan. Ngexesha iCrimea beMfazwe, bambamba ngumkhosi Russian. UCatherine II wafuna ukwakha kule ndawo ikomkhulu kummandla Taurian. Wanikwa umyalelo ukuba izakhiwo ezikhoyo Ak-Mosque ukugqiba ukwakha kwiikota ezintsha. Ikomkhulu elizayo Simferopol wamnika igama (ukusuka amagama lesiGrike "ezilungileyo" "isixeko"). ECrimea umhla lwanamhlanje kucingelwa ukuba iziko wenqwelwana 1784.

Utshintsho kwi inani yabemi Simferopol

Abemi lokuqala baqalisa amajoni umhlala neendwendwe ezivela eUkraine naseRashiya. Ngokutsho kubalo olwenziwe 1839, abantu 7,000 ababehlala zokuhlala. Inani labemi wakhula kancinci Simferopol, idabi kwabonwa kuphela emva 1874, xa kwafika uloliwe wokuqala kwisikhululo sikaloliwe elisanda kwakhiwa umzi. Ngoko ke, kule nkulungwane yama-20, esi sixeko yayihlala abantu abangaphezu kwama-60 000. Ngowe-1914, ngaphambi kokuqhambuka leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, inani labahlali kwaba 91.000.

Emva kwemfazwe, e Simferopol, kukho 71 000 kuphela (data 1923). Amanani athethe ngokwabo: babulawa Amawaka, kwaye kanye isixeko liyachuma nokukhulisa zisala zonakele. Kodwa ixesha na ukuma, ngokungathi Simferopol inkwenkwe umoya wesibini, kwaye ngo-1939 kuye kabini inani ngasentla, babehlala yaye besebenza abantu 143 000 kwiziko lwengingqi.

Kodwa kwakukho iminyaka enzima: World, kuye abantu abaninzi, ukugxothwa iCrimea AmaTatar ngo-1944 kwaye kwaba nefuthe elingelihle kwizibonakalisi oluninzi. Olu hlanga iye batyholwa wentsebenziswano kunye okuppantami waseJamani kwaye kakhulu kumazwe angaphandle ukuya kummandla Mari USSR, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan. Ngoko ke, njengokuba ka-1945 isixeko eshiywa ngesiqingatha: apho kwakukho 67.000 kuphela.

Kodwa ukususela kwixesha waqalisa ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, ukwakha mveliso ezintsha, izibonelelo kuphuhliswa. Ngenxa yoko, abahlali baba izihlandlo ezithathu ngaphezu ngo-1959: 186.000, kwaye inani lakhula ngesantya enkulu, ngowe-1989 ukuzama 343.565.

Population Simferopol ngaphakathi Ukraine

Ukuba sithethe-avareji amanani, emva kokuwa Union kwaye nangoku kwi kwiziko lengingqi bakhona abantu malunga 340 000, kwaye eli nani ezahlukeneyo kancinane uluhlu ka-1-2%. Ngokomzekelo, ngokutsho abemi 2001 Simferopol waba 343.644, kwaye ngo-2009 - 337 139.

mathemba

Ngoku ke lokukhula kwabemi nganye se Kwandile wayeka. Le yingxaki nje kuphela Simferopol, ngokuba ukusukela ekupheleni 1980, owayesakuba yiSoviet Union kukho ukuhla ukuchuma, yaye isixeko iCrimea kungekho ngaphandle. Nangona yaqalisa programa ekhethekileyo ukukhuthaza ukuzalwa (chaza wabanika uncedo lwemali ukuze umntwana), kodwa ayithethi kakhulu kuchaphazela izikhombisi yezibalo. Ukongeza ekukhuleni zendalo, kukho kwakhona ukufuduka, kodwa ke into okwethutyana kwaye imeko akayi ukugcina kakhulu.

Kakade ke, kuvuthelwa ukuba Simferopol ofayo, akukho mfuneko. Lo mzi mkhulu ekhululekile kunye nemozulu oluphakathi kunye nezibonelelo iCrimea. Kukho amaziko emfundo ukuze yoxinaniso abafundi 'enikiweyo ngoko nangoko. Ubomi apha ayeke isiphelo ixesha kubakhenkethi, njengoko kweminye imizi kunxweme olusemazantsi eCrimea. Ekugqibeleni, kodwa nangoku iziko yommandla kunye kumaziko olawulo. Ngokufutshane, ithemba lokwanda okanye uzinzo nokuba abemi kubonakala.

Yabemi Simferopol ngo-2014

Idatha ye-2013 zibonisa ukuba isixeko wayephila abantu 337.285. Emva kokuba iziganeko ka-2014 kakhulu Simferopol washiya usingasiqithi, kwaye labemi lehlile ngabantu 5000, ngoko ke sixeko abantu 332.317. 2015 kwaba uzinze, nkqu ukwanda encinane. Ke kaloku yabemi Simferopol yi abemi 332 608. Kwenzeka ntoni elandelayo iza kubonakala ngelo xesha, ukuqikelela nantoni na imeko yezopolitiko nzima namhlanje.

Ukubunjwa labantu

Kukho ubungqina ngo-2002, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba 66.8% of Simferopol obuzwe Russian (ngexesha le babengama-225 898 abantu); 20.8% - Ukraine (abantu 70,143), 7.4% - i AmaTatar iCrimea (abantu 25005 ). 5% baqaphela ukuba ezinye iintlanga (amaYuda, isiArmenia, Belarusians Azerbaijani et al.). Njengoko kubonakala kula manani, abemi besixeko Simferopol ngamazwe, Noko ke, njengokuba bonke phezu eCrimea. Ngakumbi kubaluleke kukuba kufuphi Ukraine Russian kwaye bahlala nabameli babo kwilizwe le iCrimea Tatar inkcubeko (emva kokuwa Union, baye bavunyelwa ukuba babuyele eCrimea).

Eyona misebenzi iphambili labantu

Apho isininzi nabemi? Ngaba isixeko ngexesha lobunzima kwezoqoqosho ukuqinisekisa umsebenzi ophucukileyo wabantu bawo?

Simferopol - liziko-mveliso omkhulu. 70 amashishini asebenza kuloo mzi. The main amasebe - ngezobunjineli, ukutya kunye noshishino ukukhanya. Ingakumbi kuyimfuneko kulwabiwo isityalo "Fiolent", leyo ukuvelisa izixhobo ngamandla, micromachines kunye inqanawa esizisebenzelayo. Ezinye iinkampani ebalulekile mveliso "Santechprom", impahla, impahla yesikhumba, confectionery, ipasta mveliso kunye yokunkonkxa. E Simferopol, uvelisa nendlu amachiza, iiplastiki,-oyile.

Kwakhona, yabemi Simferopol isebenza entsimini kwezithuthi, njengoko udlula umzila kaloliwe isixeko odibanisa edolophini kunye neminye imizi lizwe kunye nehlabathi ngaphandle. Ukususela isixeko ungafumana kuyo nayiphi na indawo ye-eCrimea ngenxa inkonzo lebhasi. Kwakhona, kukho zeenqwelomoya ezimbini wakha, enye yazo i class. Konke oku kunika abahlali kunye nemisebenzi.

Kubonakala ukuba, Simferopol abe elizayo. Kwaye ukuba kunjalo, kunye nezibalo uya kuma ngxi.